1536 Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1582 Spanish conquistador Hernando de Lerma founds the settlement of Salta, Argentina.
1725 Foundation of Rosario in Argentina.
1813 Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second triumvirate.
1814 Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina.
1816 Argentina declares independence from Spain.
1817 An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, crosses the Andes from Argentina to liberate Chile and then Peru.
1817 The Argentinian San Martín crosses the Andes with an army in order to liberate Chile from Spanish rule.
1817 An Argentine/Chilean patriotic army, after crossing the Andes, defeats Spanish troops on the Battle of Chacabuco.
1827 Brazil marines unsuccessfully attack the temporary naval base of Carmen de Patagones, Argentina.
1828 Uruguay is formally proclaimed independent at preliminary peace talks brokered by Great Britain between Brazil and Argentina during the Argentina-Brazil War.
1865 The Empire of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay sign the Treaty of the Triple Alliance
1865 Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.
1875 First telegraphic connection in Argentina.
1903 Racing Club de Avellaneda, one of the big five of Argentina, is founded.
1904 The United Kingdom sells a meteorological station on the South Orkney Islands to Argentina, the islands are subsequently claimed by the United Kingdom in 1908.
1913 Buenos Aires,Argentina. The Buenos Aires Subway starts operating, it`s the first underground railway system in the southern hemisphere and in Latin America
1930 Democratically elected Argentine president Hipólito Yrigoyen is deposed in a military coup.
1943 A military coup in Argentina ousts Ramón Castillo.
1945 Argentinian labour leader José Peter declares the ''Federación Obrera de la Industria de la Carne'' dissolved.
1945 A massive number of people, headed by CGT and Evita, gather in the Plaza de Mayo in Argentina to demand Juan Peron's release. This is known to the Peronists as the ''Día de la lealtad'' (Loyalty Day). It's considered the founding day of Peronism.
1945 Argentine military officer and politician Juan Perón marries actress Evita.
1946 Soviet Union established diplomatic relations with Argentina.
1950 Argentina becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
1951 The first Pan American Games are held in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1955 Juan Perón is deposed as the ruler of Argentina.
1960 In Buenos Aires, Argentina, four Israeli Mossad agents capture fugitive Nazi Adolf Eichmann who is living under the alias of Ricardo Klement.
1964 The Argentine comic strip Mafalda is published for the first time.
1967 Argentina becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1972 Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crashes in the Andes mountains, near the border between Argentina and Chile. By December 23, 1972, only 16 out of 45 people lived long enough to be rescued.
1973 Ezeiza massacre in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Snipers fire upon left-wing Peronists. At least 13 are killed and more than 300 are injured.
1973 Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
1974 Isabel Perón is sworn in as the first female President of Argentina. Her husband, President Juan Peron, had delegated responsibility due to weak health and died two days later.
1976 In Argentina, the armed forces overthrow the constitutional government of President Isabel Perón and start a 7-year dictatorial period self-styled the ''National Reorganization Process''. Since 2006, a public holiday known as Day of Remembrance for Truth and Justice is held on this day.
1982 Falklands War: Argentinian forces land on South Georgia Island, precipitating war with the United Kingdom.
1982 Falklands War: Argentina invades the Falkland Islands.
1982 The United Kingdom sends a naval task force to the south Atlantic to reclaim the disputed Falkland Islands from Argentina.
1982 Falklands War: The British nuclear submarine HMS ''Conqueror'' sinks the Argentine cruiser ARA ''General Belgrano''.
1982 Twenty sailors are killed when the British Type 42 destroyer HMS ''Sheffield'' (D80) is hit by an Argentinian Exocet missile during the Falklands War.
1982 Falklands War: British forces defeat the Argentines at the Battle of Goose Green.
1982 The Falklands War ends: Argentine forces in the capital Stanley unconditionally surrender to British forces.
1983 The first democratic elections in Argentina after seven years of military rule are held.
1983 Dissolution of the Military Junta in Argentina.
1983 Democracy is restored in Argentina with the assumption of President Raúl Alfonsín.
1991 Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay sign the Treaty of Asunción, establishing Mercosur, the South Common Market.
2000 Argentine vice president Carlos Álvarez resigns.
2002 Argentina defaults on an $805 million World Bank payment.
2005 Argentina's president Néstor Kirchner announces the early repayment of its external debt to the IMF.
2007 Airport police officer María del Luján Telpuk discovers a suitcase containing the undeclared sum of US$800,000 as it goes through an x-ray machine in Aeroparque Jorge Newbery in Buenos Aires, sparking an international scandal involving Venezuela and Argentina known as "Maletinazo".
2007 Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner becomes the first woman elected President of Argentina.
2007 {{MS|Explorer}}, a cruise liner carrying 154 people, sinks in the Antarctic Ocean south of Argentina after hitting an iceberg near the South Shetland Islands. There were no fatalities.