1899 Emilio Aguinaldo is sworn in as President of the First Philippine Republic.
1911 The University of the Philippines College of Law is formally established; three future Philippine presidents are among the first enrollees.
1935 Manuel L. Quezon is inaugurated as the second president of the Philippines.
1957 A plane crash in Cebu, Philippines kills Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay and 24 others.
1965 Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines.
1972 Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos signs Proclamation No. 1081 placing the entire country under martial law.
1972 Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos announces over television and radio the implementation of martial law.
1984 Zamboanga City mayor Cesar Climaco, a prominent critic of the government of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, is assassinated in his home city.
1989 The right-wing military rebel ''Reform the Armed forces Movement'' attempts to oust Philippine President Corazon Aquino in a failed bloody coup d'état.
2001 Philippine president Joseph Estrada is ousted in a nonviolent 4-day revolution, and is succeeded by Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
2001 Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo declares the existence of "a state of rebellion", hours after thousands of supporters of her arrested predecessor, Joseph Estrada, storm towards the presidential palace at the height of the EDSA III rebellion.
2006 Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo declares Proclamation 1017 placing the country in a state of emergency in attempt to subdue a possible military coup.