Kalyan
Encyclopedia
Kalyan is a city in Thane district
of Maharashtra, and a major railway station
lying at the junction of the north-east and south-east lines of the suburban Mumbai division of the Central Railway, 53 km north-east of Mumbai. Kalyan is also a major Taluka
place, a tehsil
of the Thane district. With its neighbouring township of Dombivli
, Kalyan jointly forms the Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation, abbreviated as KDMC. It is considered a part of the Greater Mumbai metropolitan agglomeration, along with Navi Mumbai and the cities of Bhiwandi, Thane, Ulhasnagar and the municipal councils of Ambernath & Badlapur.
s of North India
and later was part of a petty Konkan principality vassal to the Yadava dynasty of Deogiri. Extensive ruins in Kalyan indicate the city's former magnificence.
After the Khilji
sack of Deogiri, the Yadavas fled into the Konkan region and set up their base at Mahikawati, modern Mahim
; Kalyan was a part of the brief Yadava state of Mahikawati. Mahikawati was conquered by the Muslims who set up petty coastal principalities.
As a major entrepot
, Kalyan soon became, by 530-535 CE
the seat of a Nestorian bishop
. The Churches of South Asia which were ecclesiastically dependent on the Church of Assyria
and Chaldea
in Mesopotamia
or modern Iraq
, lands then subject to the Persian Empire (Sassanians), early fell with it into the Nestorian Schism and used Middle Persian
as the liturgical language. The Konkan
, Tulunad and Malabar Coast
s of South Asia are marked by stone crosses with Pahlavi inscriptions.
According to some interpretations, Bombay region on the Konkan coast, a region which have been known after the ancient town Kalyan, was the field of Saint Bartholomew missionary activities and his martyrdom.
During the Middle Ages, Pope John XXII
, headquartered at Avignon
, sent a group of five missionaries to the Mongol Emperor
at Khanbalik, modern Beijing
in China
, under the Dominican Fray Giordano or Jordanus
. On their way, they picked up a novice, Demetrius, from West Asia and then travelled through South Asia
, succoring the Nestorian Christians there, who were hard pressed by the Muslims. Giordano left his colleagues at Kalyan and travelled back north to Gujarat. During his absence, the Muslim governor and Qazi of Thane
summoned the missionaries and demanded submission to Islam; when they refused, they were murdered (1321). The local Nestorians collected their remains and buried them; Giordano, on his return, took them to Sopara
and buried them there. The Muslim Arab sultan of Gujarat, when informed of this development, summoned his governor of Thane and the Qazi; the Qazi fled but the governor was executed for his actions that militated against international commerce. When a later missionary, Odoric de Pordenone (:fr:Odoric de Pordenone), visited Thane in 1324-1325, he collected their remains and moved on to China
.
The Martyrs of Thane were canonized by Pope Leo XIII
and are Saints Thomas of Tolentino, James of Padua, Peter of Siena and Demetrius of Tiflis.
In the later Middle Ages, Kalyan was occupied by the Ahmednagar Sultanate, an indigenous dynasty founded by a man forcibly converted from a Hindu Brahmin family as a child, and then by the Bijapur Sultanate, an Indo-Turkish state in the Deccan in the 16th century, and later by the Mughals
under the Emperor Shah Jahan
, who fortified the city in the mid-17th century. It came under Portuguese sway for a brief time before being re-conquered by the Muslim allies of the Mughals, and was later conquered by the Marathas, who made it one of their strategic centers because it guarded the entrance to Mumbai and the western coast of India. Kashibai
, wife of the Peshwa
Bajirao was born in Kalyan. About eighty years after the Maratha conquest, the Maratha Empire was forced to cede it to the British
and Kalyan became part of the Bombay Presidency
, a British India province that became Bombay state
after India's independence in 1947.
In the Middle Ages, when Kalyan was occupied by the Ahmednagar Sultanate, they gave name as Gulshanabad and in the time of Maratha it was changed to Kalyan..Kalyan is a port city of shivaji maharaj.
Around Kalyan=
Of the four gates the Adhar gate called after the village of Adhar about half a mile to the north, wall near the middle of the north wall; the Ganesh gate, about 400 yards distant, was near the middle of the east wall; the Ganesh gate is also called Jalela Darvaja, as it was burnt by the English in their first campaign (1780), the Panvel gate, about 700 yards distant, was near the middle of the south wall; and the Bandar or wharf gate, about 330 yards distant, was in the centre of the west wall. At the north-east corner of this area, on high ground on the river bank, was a fort nearly cut off from the city by a natural hollow, and, later, by a semicircular stone wall enclosing a space about 200 feet (61 m) long by a little less in breadth.
The wall of the fort along the top of the inner bank of the ditch, and, near the north end, had a gateway known as the Delhi or Killyacha Darwaja, which was entered by a path along the top of the north side of the town wall. Inside the fort there was a low belt of ground, about the same level, as the top of the ditch, with a shallow pond not far from the Delhi gate. The remains of the pond are still visible, in the north-west corner the fort rose in a small flat-topped mound about thirty feet high. On the top of the mound, on the west crest which overhangs and is about 100 feet (30.5 m) above the river, is the prayer wall or idgah, sixty-four feet long, thirteen high and seven thick, which is now in a dilapidated condition. This doubtful wall is said to be of the old Durga temple wall and is thickly plastered.
Under the Marathas (1760–72), a new gate about 150 feet (45.7 m) to the south of the Ganesh gate was opened near the mansion of Ramji Mahadeo Biwalkar, the Peshwa s Governor. In the citadel of the fort Marathas built a small wooden temple of Durgadevi behind the mosque, and called the fort Durgadi Killa in honour of the goddess, a name which it still bears. They also converted the mosque into Ramji's temple. The fort measures 220 feet (67.1 m) in length and somewhat less in breadth. Under the English the fort wall was dismantled and stones carried to build the Kalyan and Thane piers and a dwelling for the customs inspector in the west of the Kalyan fort. The gate to the north-west is almost the only trace of the fort wall, which is of rough stone masonry. During 1876 the original idol of the goddess Durga was stolen.
Kalyan jn railway station is one of the busiest railway station in india and connectivity to all india.
The major modes of transportation in Kalyan are -
The KDMT run bus services which not only ply within the Kalyan city, but it also provides routine bus service facilities to nearby townships and villages. The major bus routes within the city limits are -
Also, there are a few Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport (NMMT) buses that ply from Kalyan to a few areas in Navi Mumbai including CBD Belapur, Nerul, Vashi and Panvel.
Read more about auto-rickshaws in the Civic amenities section below.
Kalyan East : Saibaba Nagar, Vaishnavi Park, (in Kailash nagar) Gurudatta Apartment, comprises Lok Vasahat (Lok Gram, Lok Dhara and Lok Vatika), Netivali (Tejpal nagri), Dr Nair Wadi near lokgram police station, Suchak Naka, Chakki Naka, Sastri Nagar, Chetna, Amar Deep Colony, Tata Power locality, Radhe Krishna park complex, Sunrise Valley, Anmol Garden Complex, Nandivili, Netivali Area, Chinchpada, Hanuman Nagar (Ma Santoshi Complex), Katemanivali,kausthubham complex,Yogeshwar Tower, Anandwadi, Milind Nagar, Kailash Nagar, Kolsewadi, Vijaynagar, Tisgaon, Shivaji Colony, Siddhartha Nagar, Karpewadi, New Jimmy Baug, Waldhuni and Patripool area etc.
Kalyan West comprises Station Area (Nehru Chowk), Bail Bazaar, Govind Wadi, Ghas Bazaar, Reti Bunder Shivaji Chowk, Shankar Rao Chowk, Ahilyabai Chowk, Tilak Chowk, Bazar Peth, Gandhi Chowk, Parnaka, Dudhnaka, Raheja Complex, Sahajanand Chowk, Agra Road, Lal Chowki, Adharwadi, Durgadi Killa Area, Murbad Road, Syndicate, Ramdas Wadi, Pournima Talkies, Karnik Road, Kala Talao, Chikanghar, Rambaug Lane [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], Joshibaug, Birla College Road, Beturkar Pada, Mhasoba Maidan, Sahyadri Nagar, Gauripada, Anupam nagar, Yogidham, Vidhi complex, Khadak Pada, Mohan Pride,Godrej Hill, Radha Nagar some parts of Shahad.
The old Kalyan consists of basically from Kalyan station area, Shivaji Chowk, Shankarrao Chowk, Ahilyabai Chowk, Bazaar Peth, Gandhi chowk, Tilak Chowk, Parnaka & Dudhnaka, Agra road, Lalchowki to Durgadi Fort.
In past few years sprawling new buildings and multi-facility residential complexes have mushroomed in several rural & village patches of Kalyan namely Adharawadi, Khadak Pada, Godrej Hills, Gandhari, Wayale Nagar, Barave Gaon.
Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation includes small villages neighbouring of kalyan.
Schools
near Kopra Panvel
area, because the construction of the airport would involve reclamation of low-lying areas in an ecologically fragile zone as well as destruction of several hectares of mangroves, other locations were being actively being considered, which includes the one off village Nevali near Kalyan-Ambernath 55 km away from the current airport in Mumbai. There exists an old and abandoned air-strip of World War II era and the Union Defence Ministry owns the 1500 acres (6.1 km²) of land on which it is located. The proposal is now centred around those 1500 acres (6.1 km²) of land. If the current location at Kopra Panvel does not go through, then the Kalyan-Newali location would be considered for a future Kalyan International Airport
which would serve as third International airport for the Mumbai Metropolitan region. But, Minisstry of Forest & Environmental Affairs has given Green Signal to the Navi Mumbai International Airport, after modifications in Plan of Airport. Hence, the possibility of having third airport of Mumbai in Kalyan has ended.
With all these projects Kalyan is set to be another coveted suburb of Mumbai soon.
Thane District
Thane is a district in northern Maharashtra state in western India. As of 2011 it is the most populated district in the nation. The headquarters of the district is the city of Thane. Other major cities in the district are Navi Mumbai , Kalyan-Dombivli, Mira-Bhayander, Bhiwandi, Ulhasnagar,...
of Maharashtra, and a major railway station
Kalyan railway station
Kalyan is a railway station on the Central line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network. It is a major railway station lying at the junction of the north-east and south-east lines of the suburban Mumbai division of the Central Railway, 53 km north-east of Mumbai....
lying at the junction of the north-east and south-east lines of the suburban Mumbai division of the Central Railway, 53 km north-east of Mumbai. Kalyan is also a major Taluka
Kalyan Taluka
Kalyan Taluka is a taluka of the Thane district of Maharashtra. It is located between 19°4' and 19°24'N. and 73°1' and 73°24'E with an area of . The capital is the city of Kalyan.The taluka is cubular in form, and in its western part a rich open plain....
place, a tehsil
Tehsil
A Tehsil or Tahsil/Tahasil , also known as Taluk and Mandal, is an administrative division of some country/countries of South Asia....
of the Thane district. With its neighbouring township of Dombivli
Dombivli
Dombivli or Dombivali is a town in Thane district, Kalyan tehsil in Maharashtra, India. It is located about fifty kilometres from the city of Mumbai, and about twenty kilometres from Thane. The population of the city, according to the 2011 census is 2,293,000,...
, Kalyan jointly forms the Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation, abbreviated as KDMC. It is considered a part of the Greater Mumbai metropolitan agglomeration, along with Navi Mumbai and the cities of Bhiwandi, Thane, Ulhasnagar and the municipal councils of Ambernath & Badlapur.
History
Kalyan is a port for more than two millennia until siltation and the rise of Mumbai eclipsed it and its sister ports, Nallasopara, Thane, Vasai, etc. The port was ruled by the Maurya and Gupta EmpireGupta Empire
The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire which existed approximately from 320 to 550 CE and covered much of the Indian Subcontinent. Founded by Maharaja Sri-Gupta, the dynasty was the model of a classical civilization. The peace and prosperity created under leadership of Guptas enabled the...
s of North India
North India
North India, known natively as Uttar Bhārat or Shumālī Hindustān , is a loosely defined region in the northern part of India. The exact meaning of the term varies by usage...
and later was part of a petty Konkan principality vassal to the Yadava dynasty of Deogiri. Extensive ruins in Kalyan indicate the city's former magnificence.
After the Khilji
Khilji dynasty
The Khilji Sultanate was a dynasty of Turko-Afghan Khalaj origin who ruled large parts of South Asia from 1290 - 1320. They were the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India...
sack of Deogiri, the Yadavas fled into the Konkan region and set up their base at Mahikawati, modern Mahim
Mahim
Mahim is a neighbourhood in Mumbai. It is also the name of a railway station in Mahim area, on the Mumbai suburban railway on the Western Railway railway line. In ancient times, the area was known as Maijim, Mejambu, Mahikawati....
; Kalyan was a part of the brief Yadava state of Mahikawati. Mahikawati was conquered by the Muslims who set up petty coastal principalities.
As a major entrepot
Entrepôt
An entrepôt is a trading post where merchandise can be imported and exported without paying import duties, often at a profit. This profit is possible because of trade conditions, for example, the reluctance of ships to travel the entire length of a long trading route, and selling to the entrepôt...
, Kalyan soon became, by 530-535 CE
Common Era
Common Era ,abbreviated as CE, is an alternative designation for the calendar era originally introduced by Dionysius Exiguus in the 6th century, traditionally identified with Anno Domini .Dates before the year 1 CE are indicated by the usage of BCE, short for Before the Common Era Common Era...
the seat of a Nestorian bishop
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight. Within the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, in the Assyrian Church of the East, in the Independent Catholic Churches, and in the...
. The Churches of South Asia which were ecclesiastically dependent on the Church of Assyria
Assyria
Assyria was a Semitic Akkadian kingdom, extant as a nation state from the mid–23rd century BC to 608 BC centred on the Upper Tigris river, in northern Mesopotamia , that came to rule regional empires a number of times through history. It was named for its original capital, the ancient city of Assur...
and Chaldea
Chaldea
Chaldea or Chaldaea , from Greek , Chaldaia; Akkadian ; Hebrew כשדים, Kaśdim; Aramaic: ܟܐܠܕܘ, Kaldo) was a marshy land located in modern-day southern Iraq which came to briefly rule Babylon...
in Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a toponym for the area of the Tigris–Euphrates river system, largely corresponding to modern-day Iraq, northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey and southwestern Iran.Widely considered to be the cradle of civilization, Bronze Age Mesopotamia included Sumer and the...
or modern Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, lands then subject to the Persian Empire (Sassanians), early fell with it into the Nestorian Schism and used Middle Persian
Middle Persian
Middle Persian , indigenously known as "Pârsig" sometimes referred to as Pahlavi or Pehlevi, is the Middle Iranian language/ethnolect of Southwestern Iran that during Sassanid times became a prestige dialect and so came to be spoken in other regions as well. Middle Persian is classified as a...
as the liturgical language. The Konkan
Konkan
The Konkan also called the Konkan Coast or Karavali is a rugged section of the western coastline of India from Raigad to Mangalore...
, Tulunad and Malabar Coast
Malabar Coast
The Malabar Coast is a long and narrow coastline on the south-western shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent. Geographically, it comprises the wettest regions of southern India, as the Western Ghats intercept the moisture-laden monsoon rains, especially on their westward-facing mountain...
s of South Asia are marked by stone crosses with Pahlavi inscriptions.
According to some interpretations, Bombay region on the Konkan coast, a region which have been known after the ancient town Kalyan, was the field of Saint Bartholomew missionary activities and his martyrdom.
During the Middle Ages, Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII , born Jacques Duèze , was pope from 1316 to 1334. He was the second Pope of the Avignon Papacy , elected by a conclave in Lyon assembled by Philip V of France...
, headquartered at Avignon
Avignon
Avignon is a French commune in southeastern France in the départment of the Vaucluse bordered by the left bank of the Rhône river. Of the 94,787 inhabitants of the city on 1 January 2010, 12 000 live in the ancient town centre surrounded by its medieval ramparts.Often referred to as the...
, sent a group of five missionaries to the Mongol Emperor
Emperor
An emperor is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife or a woman who rules in her own right...
at Khanbalik, modern Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
in China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, under the Dominican Fray Giordano or Jordanus
Jordanus
Jordanus or Jordan Catalani was a French Dominican missionary and explorer in Asia known for his Mirabilia describing the marvels of the East.-Travels:He was perhaps born at Sévérac-le-Château in Aveyron, north-east of Toulouse...
. On their way, they picked up a novice, Demetrius, from West Asia and then travelled through South Asia
South Asia
South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...
, succoring the Nestorian Christians there, who were hard pressed by the Muslims. Giordano left his colleagues at Kalyan and travelled back north to Gujarat. During his absence, the Muslim governor and Qazi of Thane
Thane
Thane , is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, northeastern suburb of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. It is the administrative headquarters of Thane district. On 16 April 1853, G.I.P...
summoned the missionaries and demanded submission to Islam; when they refused, they were murdered (1321). The local Nestorians collected their remains and buried them; Giordano, on his return, took them to Sopara
Sopara
Sopara or Soparaka was an ancient port town and the capital of the ancient Aparanta. The site of this ancient town is located near the present day Nala Sopara town in the Thane district of the state Maharashtra, India.Nala Sopara is one of the busiest western suburbs of Mumbai city...
and buried them there. The Muslim Arab sultan of Gujarat, when informed of this development, summoned his governor of Thane and the Qazi; the Qazi fled but the governor was executed for his actions that militated against international commerce. When a later missionary, Odoric de Pordenone (:fr:Odoric de Pordenone), visited Thane in 1324-1325, he collected their remains and moved on to China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
.
The Martyrs of Thane were canonized by Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII , born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci to an Italian comital family, was the 256th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1878 to 1903...
and are Saints Thomas of Tolentino, James of Padua, Peter of Siena and Demetrius of Tiflis.
In the later Middle Ages, Kalyan was occupied by the Ahmednagar Sultanate, an indigenous dynasty founded by a man forcibly converted from a Hindu Brahmin family as a child, and then by the Bijapur Sultanate, an Indo-Turkish state in the Deccan in the 16th century, and later by the Mughals
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
under the Emperor Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
, who fortified the city in the mid-17th century. It came under Portuguese sway for a brief time before being re-conquered by the Muslim allies of the Mughals, and was later conquered by the Marathas, who made it one of their strategic centers because it guarded the entrance to Mumbai and the western coast of India. Kashibai
Kashibai
Kashibai sadashiv was the daughter of Parvatibai and Sadashivrao Bhau, Commander-in-Chief of the Maratha forces, in the ill-fated Maratha campaign against Durrani forces led by Ahmed Shah Abdali. Her name ceremony took place on Chhatrapati Shahu’s lap...
, wife of the Peshwa
Peshwa
A Peshwa is the titular equivalent of a modern Prime Minister. Emporer Shivaji created the Peshwa designation in order to more effectively delegate administrative duties during the growth of the Maratha Empire. Prior to 1749, Peshwas held office for 8-9 years and controlled the Maratha army...
Bajirao was born in Kalyan. About eighty years after the Maratha conquest, the Maratha Empire was forced to cede it to the British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and Kalyan became part of the Bombay Presidency
Bombay Presidency
The Bombay Presidency was a province of British India. It was established in the 17th century as a trading post for the English East India Company, but later grew to encompass much of western and central India, as well as parts of post-partition Pakistan and the Arabian Peninsula.At its greatest...
, a British India province that became Bombay state
Bombay State
The Bombay State was a state of India, dissolved with the formation of Maharashtra and Gujarat states on May 1, 1960.-History:During British rule, portions of the western coast of India under direct British rule were part of the Bombay Presidency...
after India's independence in 1947.
In the Middle Ages, when Kalyan was occupied by the Ahmednagar Sultanate, they gave name as Gulshanabad and in the time of Maratha it was changed to Kalyan..Kalyan is a port city of shivaji maharaj.
Attractions in Kalyan
- Doodh Naaka
- Kadakpada
- Akshat Maha Ganpati Mandir (Peshwa Temple)
- Pokharan Ganpati, Parnaka
- Kala Talav, Kalyan
- Acharya Atre Rang Mandir
- Ganesh Ghat
- Shri Swami Samarth Temple
- Metro Junction MallMetro Junction MallMetro Junction Mall is a shopping mall located in Kalyan, Mumbai, India. The mall was inaugurated in April 2008 and has an area of . Metro Junction Mall is one of the biggest malls in Mumbai & most Spacious too.-Shops in the mall:# Reebok# NASTOSA# Bata...
- sarvodaya Mall
Around Kalyan=
- Shri Gajanan Maharaj Temple, Lonad
- Birla Mandir, Shahad (One of the most beautiful temples, dating back centuries and a must visit, currently maintained by the Birla Group)
- Siddhivinayak Mahaganapati TempleSiddhivinayak Mahaganapati TempleThe Siddhivinayaka Mahaganapati Temple is a Hindu temple located in Titwala - a small town in the Kalyan taluk of Thane district - near Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The temple is dedicated to the Hindu, elephant-headed god of wisdom Ganesha. Titwala is believed to be the putative site of the...
- Titwala 15 km - Malshej Ghat - 95 km
- Haji Malang Dargah - 15km
Durgadi Fort (किल्ले दुर्गाडी)
The city of Kalyan was surrounded by a fort wall, the construction of which began during Shah Jahan's reign and was completed during Aurangzeb's reign in 1694 A.D. This city wall, which ran in excess of 2000 yards, 2123 to be precise, were guarded by 4 gates and 11 towers. The fort wall enclosed an area of 70 acres and on a high mound near the Kalyan creek, where the current Ganesh ghat stands, was a fine fort since as early as 1570.Of the four gates the Adhar gate called after the village of Adhar about half a mile to the north, wall near the middle of the north wall; the Ganesh gate, about 400 yards distant, was near the middle of the east wall; the Ganesh gate is also called Jalela Darvaja, as it was burnt by the English in their first campaign (1780), the Panvel gate, about 700 yards distant, was near the middle of the south wall; and the Bandar or wharf gate, about 330 yards distant, was in the centre of the west wall. At the north-east corner of this area, on high ground on the river bank, was a fort nearly cut off from the city by a natural hollow, and, later, by a semicircular stone wall enclosing a space about 200 feet (61 m) long by a little less in breadth.
The wall of the fort along the top of the inner bank of the ditch, and, near the north end, had a gateway known as the Delhi or Killyacha Darwaja, which was entered by a path along the top of the north side of the town wall. Inside the fort there was a low belt of ground, about the same level, as the top of the ditch, with a shallow pond not far from the Delhi gate. The remains of the pond are still visible, in the north-west corner the fort rose in a small flat-topped mound about thirty feet high. On the top of the mound, on the west crest which overhangs and is about 100 feet (30.5 m) above the river, is the prayer wall or idgah, sixty-four feet long, thirteen high and seven thick, which is now in a dilapidated condition. This doubtful wall is said to be of the old Durga temple wall and is thickly plastered.
Under the Marathas (1760–72), a new gate about 150 feet (45.7 m) to the south of the Ganesh gate was opened near the mansion of Ramji Mahadeo Biwalkar, the Peshwa s Governor. In the citadel of the fort Marathas built a small wooden temple of Durgadevi behind the mosque, and called the fort Durgadi Killa in honour of the goddess, a name which it still bears. They also converted the mosque into Ramji's temple. The fort measures 220 feet (67.1 m) in length and somewhat less in breadth. Under the English the fort wall was dismantled and stones carried to build the Kalyan and Thane piers and a dwelling for the customs inspector in the west of the Kalyan fort. The gate to the north-west is almost the only trace of the fort wall, which is of rough stone masonry. During 1876 the original idol of the goddess Durga was stolen.
Transport
The Tanga (Horse-Wagon) is the oldest and the cheapest mode of transport in Kalyan. It is now restricted only to a few areas of old Kalyan (Dudh Naka-Gandhi chowk - Tilak chowk - Parnaka areas). Besides, Auto-rickhaws are also available. In 1999, the KDMC started its own bus service for Kalyan City and the nearby small villages. Using a motor-bike or bi-cycle, however, remains the best way of getting around in Kalyan.Kalyan jn railway station is one of the busiest railway station in india and connectivity to all india.
The major modes of transportation in Kalyan are -
- KDMT run city-bus service
- Ulhasnagar Municipal Corporation buses connecting Kalyan, Vitthalwadi, Ulhasnagar and Ambernath.
- Auto-rickshaws
- local trains
- Private vehicles - Cycles, motorcycles, scooters & cars
The KDMT run bus services which not only ply within the Kalyan city, but it also provides routine bus service facilities to nearby townships and villages. The major bus routes within the city limits are -
- Ring route: Covers most of the areas along the periphery and touching all the major areas of Kalyan. This service starts and end at Kalyan railway station. The ring route buses ply either via Durgadi killa route or via Birla college route.
- Vitthalwadi to Birla College route: This bus starts from khadegolavli in Vitthalwadi and travels through Vitthalwadi Station, Katemanivli Naka, Vijay Nagar, Tisgaon, Chakki Naka, Netivli, Patripul, Gurudev Hotel, Murbad Road, ICICI Bank and then its last stop Sahyadri Nagar near Birla School and College.
- Yogi Dham: For the residents of Yogi Dham and nearby areas.
- Godrej Hill: For the benefits of residents of Godrej hill and nearby areas.
- Nearby villages in its Tehsil: Khadegolavali, Mohone, Ambivali, Manivali, Umbarde, Ghotsai, Balyani, Titwala, Mhaskal, Apti, Rayate, Dahagaon Poi, Mamnoli, Dahivali, Saravali, Vehengale, Bhivandi, Jambhul Vasahat, Khoni, Hedutane, Narivali, Usatane, Wadavli, Malanggad, Khidkali, Dombivali, Shil Phata, Shirdhon.
- Surrounding townships: Vashi, CBD Belapur, Nerul, Ulhanagar, Ambernath, Badlapur.
Also, there are a few Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport (NMMT) buses that ply from Kalyan to a few areas in Navi Mumbai including CBD Belapur, Nerul, Vashi and Panvel.
Read more about auto-rickshaws in the Civic amenities section below.
Parts of Kalyan
Kalyan city is divided into two parts: East and West. They are connected via Patripul.Kalyan East : Saibaba Nagar, Vaishnavi Park, (in Kailash nagar) Gurudatta Apartment, comprises Lok Vasahat (Lok Gram, Lok Dhara and Lok Vatika), Netivali (Tejpal nagri), Dr Nair Wadi near lokgram police station, Suchak Naka, Chakki Naka, Sastri Nagar, Chetna, Amar Deep Colony, Tata Power locality, Radhe Krishna park complex, Sunrise Valley, Anmol Garden Complex, Nandivili, Netivali Area, Chinchpada, Hanuman Nagar (Ma Santoshi Complex), Katemanivali,kausthubham complex,Yogeshwar Tower, Anandwadi, Milind Nagar, Kailash Nagar, Kolsewadi, Vijaynagar, Tisgaon, Shivaji Colony, Siddhartha Nagar, Karpewadi, New Jimmy Baug, Waldhuni and Patripool area etc.
Kalyan West comprises Station Area (Nehru Chowk), Bail Bazaar, Govind Wadi, Ghas Bazaar, Reti Bunder Shivaji Chowk, Shankar Rao Chowk, Ahilyabai Chowk, Tilak Chowk, Bazar Peth, Gandhi Chowk, Parnaka, Dudhnaka, Raheja Complex, Sahajanand Chowk, Agra Road, Lal Chowki, Adharwadi, Durgadi Killa Area, Murbad Road, Syndicate, Ramdas Wadi, Pournima Talkies, Karnik Road, Kala Talao, Chikanghar, Rambaug Lane [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], Joshibaug, Birla College Road, Beturkar Pada, Mhasoba Maidan, Sahyadri Nagar, Gauripada, Anupam nagar, Yogidham, Vidhi complex, Khadak Pada, Mohan Pride,Godrej Hill, Radha Nagar some parts of Shahad.
The old Kalyan consists of basically from Kalyan station area, Shivaji Chowk, Shankarrao Chowk, Ahilyabai Chowk, Bazaar Peth, Gandhi chowk, Tilak Chowk, Parnaka & Dudhnaka, Agra road, Lalchowki to Durgadi Fort.
In past few years sprawling new buildings and multi-facility residential complexes have mushroomed in several rural & village patches of Kalyan namely Adharawadi, Khadak Pada, Godrej Hills, Gandhari, Wayale Nagar, Barave Gaon.
Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation includes small villages neighbouring of kalyan.
Civic Amenities
Kalyan is a part of Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation established in 1995. Although being a fifth largest township in Maharashtra after Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur & Thane with a population of more than a million, still this city lacks basic civil amenities required for respectable urban living.- Electric supply: The township receives it electric supply from the Maharashtra State Electricity Board (MSEB). Previously this township would face 4 hours of load shedding everyday but now its just 12 -24 hour a day.
- Roads: The inner arterial roads and even the main roads in the KDMC limits are in a very bad state. Perpetual road-digging and subsequent mediocre patch work leaves the road in a sorrowful state. At many a places, even the main roads do not have street-lights, and at places which do have, malfunctioning sodium-vapour street lamps leaves a lot to be desired. The pot-hole riddled roads along with inadequate and malfunctioning street-lights makes commuting in the city a pathetic experience. This pathetic condition of road is a great matter of concern among the residents of Kalyan.
- Water supply:There is grave problem of clean water supply to the township as there are frequent incidence of contaminated water supply. It is sorrowful that Thane districts townships, which supplies water to Mumbai, are deprived of such a basic facility.
- City transport:City transport services is provided by the Kalyan Dombivali Municipal Transport run buses (KDMT) which runs city buses along the major routes in the city and surrounding townships & villages. However, auto-rickshaws remains a major source of transport in the city. In the recent past, the number of auto-rickshaws in the city has seen a dramatic rise, albeit a highly disorganised one. The problem has been compounded by the fact that the bus services provided by KDMT are of poor quality and insufficient to serve the expanding needs of the populace township. Although, there is a vast area available for ST bus stand, very little or virtually no space is allocated for KDMT bus services. The KDMT buses stops on the main station road and this usually leads to major traffic-jams during the peak hours near the railway station. The frequency of the ring-route buses & buses to other newly developing areas like Godrej Hill, Barave Gaon, Gandhari etc. must be increased to solve the road transportation woes of the city dwellers.
- Disorganised auto-rickshaw system: This is proving out to be the area of greatest concern to the residents of Kalyan. Due to the inefficient services of KDMT, the city dwellers heavily rely on auto-rickshaws for commuting to railway stations. However, the auto-rickshaws do not ply on metre basis and instead prefer the sharing pattern on major routes. While seat-sharing may be beneficial for commuters to major areas areas like Syndicate, Birla college, Tilak chowk and such people living in the interiors like are not benefited by this system and usually have to cough out ridiculous tariffs even for short distances. People find it very difficult to get auto-rickshaws during the peak hours hours in from near the railway station area. Reason for the same are as follows:
- 6-seaters rickshaws plying between Ulhasnagar & Kalyan were banned by law due to revised emission norms. Hence, auto-rickshaw drivers prefer to go to high tariff long distance routes like Ulhasnagar.
- There are rickshaw stands in Kalyan Station area for rickshaws going to Ulhasnagar, but there are no rickshaw stands for residential areas like Birla College, RTO Office, Chikanghar, etc. This has become major reason of auto-rickshaw woes during peak hours for the denizens of Kalyan.
- Recently, some efforts are being made for maintaining a queue system near the railway station, but these efforts aren't sustained due to lack the callous attitude of administrators and selfish interests of the rickshwa- drivers.
- Haphazard development : Kalyan railway station area is a classic example of haphazard urban development. There is a major railway junction, ST bus stand, railway court, railway police station, Tehsildar office, police station, civil court, KDMC bus stop, major market, rickshaw stands, two-storeyed parking lot, open parking space, sky walk, restaurants and illegal street hawkers in the same area. This has resulted in heavy traffic jams & the chaotic situation it creates has become a daily feature during the rush hours. During Raj Thakrey's arrest and his hearing at the Kalyan court, this area witnessed riots, stone-pelting & lathi-charge, thereby affecting all other places in the vicinity.
- Public parks & playgrounds: There are only three public Parks in Kalyan West area i.e. Rani Laxmibai Park (Near Commissioner Bungalow), Nana- Nani Park at Near Gurudev Hotel & Park Near Lord Shivas Paradise in Chikanghar. There are only 3 play grounds i.e. Maxi Ground, Subhash Maidan & Birla College Ground. This is not adequate to meet the requirements of a populace township like Kalyan (Population of approx. 4-5 lakhs).
- Capacity to handle natural calamities: Kalyan, being situated on the banks of Ulhas River, along with proximity to Gandhari and Waldhuni river, is always prone to flooding during monsoons. The deluge of 26 July 2005, saw Kalyan being badly affected as it was totally cut-off from the neighbourhood for 3 days. However, the devastation in Kalyan & surrounding areas was highly under reported vis-a-vis areas in Mumbai like Kalina, Kurla etc. The disaster control systems haven't improved much since then and the situation remains the same. Sprawling constructions near the banks of Ulhas River may make future disasters even dangerous.
- Real-estate developement: Although, suffering from all modern day civic problems, natural & man-made as mentioned above, there is rapid real estate development in the township. Areas like Rambaug, Syndicate, station road, Shivaji chowk are commanding a price of nearly Rs.5500/- per square foot. Areas like Khadakpada, Yogi Dham, Godrej hill, Adharwadi, Barave, Katemanivali has seen many major construction companies taking interest in them, and thereby seeing rapid construction activities.
- Medical facilities: There medical facilities available in Kalyan is way ahead as compared to neighbouring suburbs of Ambernath, Badalapur, Ulhasnagar etc. There are well known hospitals like Shree Devi hospital, Phadke Hospital, Meera Hospital, Shree Hospital, Apex Hospital in Kalyan, and also Fortis Hospital. In addition to these, there is also a very good Railway hospital available for the railway employees at Kalyan. Plus, there is a municipal hospital, the Rukminibai Hospital near Kalyan station. However, the municipal hoispital offers very mediocre facilities. Due to absence of good government and municipal hospital in the city, the cost of advanced medical facilities are very high in Kalyan . Serious cases are often referred to reputed hospitals in Mumbai. There is a great need of good government facilitated hospital like J.J. or K.E.M in the city.
Schools and colleges
Mumbai University Colleges- Birla College of Arts, Science & CommerceBirla College of Arts, Science & CommerceBirla College, was established in 1972, an affiliate of the University of Mumbai, Accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council awarded with 'A' Grade is a multi-faculty institution of higher education with an enrolment of more than 8,500 students. The college campus is spread over ...
- K.M. Agrawal College Of Arts, Commerce and Science, Kalyan (West)
- Seth Hirachand Mutha College Of Arts, Commerce and ScienceSeth Hirachand Mutha CollegeSeth Hirachand Mutha College is located in Kalyan west, Maharashtra, India. It is an arts, commerce and science college. It is a junior as well as a senior college....
- Sonawane College of Arts, Commerce and Science
- Mohindersingh Kabulsingh College of Arts, Commerce and Science.
- Hill Spring International Jr.College Of Science & Commerce.
- Model College, Kalyan (East)
- Saket College, Kalyan (East)
- New High School Junior College
- Hindi Junior College
- R.K Junior College
- G.E.I's Jr. college (Subhedar Wada)
Schools
- Old Lourdes English High SchoolOld Lourdes English High School-See also:*Kalyan*List of schools in India*List of schools in kalyan...
- Ideal English High School, Kalyan(E)
- National Urdu High School and Junior College نیشنل اُردو ہائی سکول اینڈ جونیئر کالج
- Muhammadiya English Schoolمحمدیہ انگلش سکول
- Capt. R. M. Oak High School (Balak-Mandir)
- St. Mary's High School
- Arya Gurukul www.aryagurukul.com
- Birla School(CBSE affiliated) Birla College Road, Khadakpada, Kalyan(West) http://www.birlaschoolkalyan.com/
- St. Jude's High School, Kalyan (E)
- Rao Saheb Govind Karsan Ramji Vidhyalaya(RSGKRV)
- Royal English School
- MJBK kanya Vidhyalaya
- G.E.I'S High School & Jr. College (Subhedar Wada)
- Subhedar Wada primary School
- Abhinav Vidya Mandir
- Sharda Mandir High School
- Shree Gajanan Vidyalay
- Sri Vani Vidyashala High School
- New Sri Vani Vidyashala High School, Raheja Complex, Kalyan W
- Adarsh Hindi High School
- Adarsh Vinodini Mandal High School (known as Shishuvihar)
- Nutan Vidyalay, Karnik Road, Kalyan(West)
- Ganesh Vidya Mandir, Kalyan (East)
- Gayatri Vidyalaya, Kalyan (East)
- Central Railway School and Junior College
- Saraswati Vidya Mandir (Rail Child School)
- Don Bosco School
- Girish Poojari
- Girls High School
- Guru Nanak English High School
- Bhairavnath madhyamik Vidyalay
- Hindi High School Junior College
- Holy Cross Convent School
- K.C.Gandhi English School
- Mohinder Singh Kabal Singh English High School
- Mohinder Singh Kabal Singh English High School and college
- Sri Vani Vidyashala High SchoolSri Vani Vidyashala High SchoolIn the year 1947, for the benefit of small children The South Indian Association started its school, in the name of Sri Vani Vidyashala, in Tamil Medium up to IV Standard....
- Lok Kalyan Public School (CBSE affiliated)
- G. E. I.'s New High School
- Nirmala Hindi High School
- Nutan Hindi School
- Shiv Shambhu Hindi Vidyalaya, Mahaveernagar, Khadegolawali, Vithalwadi(E)Kalyan http://www.pss.org.in
- Symbiosis School
- Podar International School
- Rita Memorial School
- Model English High School
- Sai English High School
- Nalanda Vidyalya
- Central Railway Secondary and Higher Secondary School
- samrat ashok English high school
- St. Ywan Chwang English high school
- R.K. Hindi High School
- Mahant Kamaldas School
- st thomas high school, vijay nagar.(http:www.stthomaskalyan.com www.stthomaskalyan.com)
- St. Thomas English High School, Karnik rd.,Rambaug, Kalyan(w)
- Alfa English School
Shopping
- Metro Junction Mall,Kalyan(E) which has famous stores like Big Bazaar, eZone, Loot Store, Woodland, Globus, Fashion Yatra, Bata and many other.
- Kolsewadi market, Kalyan (E).
- Mahavir shopping Centre, Agra Road, Kalyan (W).
- Laxmi Market, Station Road, Kalyan (W).
- Shivaji chowk, Kalyan (W).
- Bazaar Peth for Jewellery's & home appliances, Kalyan (W)
- APMC Market for Whole-sale Vegetable foods and flowers, Kalyan (W)
- Vijay Sales in Rambaug, Kalyan(E)
- Prabhat appliances for kitchen appliances
Villages in Kalyan Taluka
| Adivali | Balyani | Danbav | Guravali | Khadegolavali II | Mharal I | Nimbavli | Sagaon Sonarpada | Usarghar | Vaveghar |
| Ambivali | Bapsai | Davdi | Hedutane | Khadivali | Mharal II | Netivali | Sandap | Ushid | Vaveghar |
| Ankhar | Barave | Dombivli (Rural) | Jambhulmohili | Khoni | Mhaskal | Ozarli | Shahad 1 | Utane | Vehele |
| Antade | Bere | Dombivli (Urban) | Ju | Kole | Mohili | Palsoli | Shahad 2 | Vadavli Budruk | |
| Antarli | Bhopar | Gajabandhan Patharli | Kachore | Kolimb | Mohone urban area XIX | Phalegaon | Shidhon | Vadavli tarf Barhe | |
| Ane | Chavare | Galegaon | Kalyan (Urban area XVII) | Kolivali | Mos | Pimpaloli | Sangode | Vadavli khurd | |
| Aapti Barhe | Chikanghar 1 | Gandhare | Kambe | Kopar | Nadgaon | Pisavali | Sapad | Vadeghar 1 | |
| Aapti Chon | Chikanghar 2 | Gerse | Katai | Kunde | Nalimb | Poi | Thakurli | Vadeghar 2 | |
| Arela | Chinchavali | Gharivali | Katemanivali I | Mamnoli | Nandap | Rayate | Tis | Vaholi | |
| Asdegolavali | Chole | Ghesar | Katemanivali II | Mande | Nandivali tarf Ambernath | Raye | Titwala | Valkas | |
| Atali | Dahagaon | Ghotsai | Kelni | Manivali | Nandivali tad Pachanand | Revate | Umbarde | Varap | |
| Ayare | Dahivali | Goveli | Khadegolavali I | Manjarli Barhe | Nilaje | Runde | Umbharni | Vasat Shelvali AMBIVALI |
Kalyan International Airport near Kalyan-Nevali
As a result of the some objections being raised by the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests on the current proposed location of the Navi Mumbai International AirportNavi Mumbai International Airport
The proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport is a new international airport, which is to come up at Kopra-Panvel area, is being built through public-private partnership — with private sector partner getting 74% equity while Airports Authority of India and Govt of Maharashtra holding 13% each...
near Kopra Panvel
Panvel
Panvel is city and a municipal council in Raigad district in the state of Maharashtra. Panvel is also known as the gateway of Konkan region. It adjoins Navi Mumbai, and is just after the Thane district border. Panvel is located on the Yashwantrao Chavan Expressway about 21 kilometres from...
area, because the construction of the airport would involve reclamation of low-lying areas in an ecologically fragile zone as well as destruction of several hectares of mangroves, other locations were being actively being considered, which includes the one off village Nevali near Kalyan-Ambernath 55 km away from the current airport in Mumbai. There exists an old and abandoned air-strip of World War II era and the Union Defence Ministry owns the 1500 acres (6.1 km²) of land on which it is located. The proposal is now centred around those 1500 acres (6.1 km²) of land. If the current location at Kopra Panvel does not go through, then the Kalyan-Newali location would be considered for a future Kalyan International Airport
Kalyan International Airport
Kalyan International Airport is a proposed greenfield airport which when completed would serve the as the second airport for the Mumbai metropolitan region and would be located around the area in village Nevali in the Kalyan Ambernath belt, Taluka Kalyan in Thane district, Maharashtra,...
which would serve as third International airport for the Mumbai Metropolitan region. But, Minisstry of Forest & Environmental Affairs has given Green Signal to the Navi Mumbai International Airport, after modifications in Plan of Airport. Hence, the possibility of having third airport of Mumbai in Kalyan has ended.
Recent development projects in Kalyan
- Skywalks: To ease traffic around the station area, MMRDA has constructed a 1.4 km long Skywalk, at the cost of a whopping 84 crore Rupees, under the Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme (SATIS),making it the most expensive skywalk in Mumbai. Another skywalk linking the East-West parts of Kalyan is now under development.
- The JNNURM project is being implemented to improve water supply and sewage facilities in Kalyan by putting up pipelines under important highways. This has been done to avoid any situation similar to the Mumbai floods of 2006, which severely affected the suburb.
Proposed Developments
- MMRDA has drawn up plans for a monorail link between Thane-Bhiwandi-Kalyan over a three year duration at the cost of Rs. 3000 Crores. The project is in the planning stage.
- Developments on revamping Kalyan Junction as another Railway Terminus are planned to ease rail transport in Mumbai.
- MMRDA has plans for a multi-modal bus rapid transport system (BRTS) and mass rapid transport system (MRTS) which will cover Kalyan as well.
- A four-lane expressway will enable people to travel between Virar-Vasai-Diva-Bhiwandi-Kalyan-Panvel to Alibag in a matter of few hours. The four-lane expressway will have wide footpaths, subways, foot-over bridges and service roads linking the major towns on the route.
- The project of developing roads in Kalyan is on at a full pace. A sum of Rs 300 crore is being spent on construction of roads, railway over-bridge, bridges, under-passes and subways.
- There are reports of MMRDA pondering over turning the suburbs of Kalyan-Dombivli as solar cities. Solar power and products may soon be welcomed.
- More malls are under development in Kalyan, adding to the existing ones, Metro Junction MallMetro Junction MallMetro Junction Mall is a shopping mall located in Kalyan, Mumbai, India. The mall was inaugurated in April 2008 and has an area of . Metro Junction Mall is one of the biggest malls in Mumbai & most Spacious too.-Shops in the mall:# Reebok# NASTOSA# Bata...
and Sarvoday Mall. - Two monorail corridors from Kalyan are proposed by authorities, one 26 km long, linking Kalyan - Ulhasnagar - Dombivli and another, 30 km long, connecting Kalyan to Mahape. These projects are expected to be completed by 2020.
With all these projects Kalyan is set to be another coveted suburb of Mumbai soon.
Local Websites
- KDMC :: Kalyan Dombivli Municipal Corporation.
- http://www.aamchakalyan.com/ :: A Kalyan City Informative Website .
- Kalyanguide.com :: A Kalyan City Portal.
- Kalyan Dombivli Express :: Local Web News Portal.
- Kalyan Dombivli Plus :: Local Online Newspaper.
- Kalyan City Life :: A Kalyan City Blog.
- Properties and Upcoming Residential projects in Kalyan.
- http://www.kalyancityonline.com :: A Kalyan City online Portal.