Mandach
Encyclopedia
Mandach is a municipality
in the district of Brugg
in canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
which possessed considerable property in Mandach and two Habsburg
vassal
s who owned castles in the village. After the Lords of Wessenberg, the village passed into the hands of the lords of Büttikon
and Heudorf. In 1468, after the siege of Waldshut
, the Confederates
took Mandach and added it to the Schenkenberg district. In 1518 a fire destroyed the village and in 1593 and 1668 it was ravaged by the plague. During the Protestant Reformation
the village converted to the new doctrine.
Throughout the Middle Ages
the major economic activity in the village was agriculture and viticulture
. In 1740 cotton weaving entered the village through the Hediger family. Due to its location and lack of transportation infrastructure, the village remained untouched by industralization in the 19th Century, which led to a strong population decline. In 2000, the agricultural section still provides three-fifths of the jobs in the village.
Mandach has an area, , of 5.55 square kilometres (2.1 sq mi). Of this area, 3.75 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi) or 67.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.47 square kilometre (0.567570173131027 sq mi) or 26.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.35 square kilometre (0.135135755507387 sq mi) or 6.3% is settled (buildings or roads).
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.1%. 25.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 32.3% is used for growing crops and 29.9% is pastures, while 5.4% is used for orchards or vine crops.
The municipality is located in the Brugg district between Rotberg and Besseberg. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Mandach.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Per fess Argent a Semi Negro beaded of the first and Gules.
The age distribution, , in Mandach is; 38 children or 12.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 48 teenagers or 15.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 34 people or 11.0% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 41 people or 13.2% are between 30 and 39, 42 people or 13.5% are between 40 and 49, and 48 people or 15.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 34 people or 11.0% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 13 people or 4.2% are between 70 and 79, there are 11 people or 3.5% who are between 80 and 89,and there is 1 person who is between 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.62 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics.
About 61.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement). , there were 11 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 41 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 57 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.80 individuals. there were 43 single family homes (or 34.1% of the total) out of a total of 126 homes and apartments. There were a total of 3 empty apartments for a 2.4% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 61.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
(8.6%), the CVP
(8.1%) and the SP
(7.1%).
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Mandach about 79.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
). Of the school age population , there are 34 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
.
there was a total of 170 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 120 or about 70.6% of the residents worked outside Mandach while 15 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 65 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 7.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 48.9% used a private car.
.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Brugg
Brugg (district)
Brugg District is a district in the Canton of Aargau, Switzerland, it is located south of the Aare and the Aargauer Jura covers the district. The capital of the district is the town of Brugg.-Geography:...
in canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
In 1072 the Lords of Wessenberg donated a chapel in near the modern village. However, Mandach is first mentioned in 1218 as Mandacho. The major landowners were Säckingen AbbeySäckingen Abbey
Säckingen Abbey is a former Roman Catholic abbey located in Bad Säckingen, Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The Abbey was founded in the 6th or 7th Century by Fridolin of Säckingen, an Irish monk...
which possessed considerable property in Mandach and two Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
vassal
Vassal
A vassal or feudatory is a person who has entered into a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe. The obligations often included military support and mutual protection, in exchange for certain privileges, usually including the grant of land held...
s who owned castles in the village. After the Lords of Wessenberg, the village passed into the hands of the lords of Büttikon
Büttikon
Büttikon is a municipality in the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-Geography:Büttikon has an area, , of . Of this area, 56.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 33.6% is forested. The rest of the land, is settled.The municipality is located in the Bremgarten...
and Heudorf. In 1468, after the siege of Waldshut
Waldshut-Tiengen
Waldshut-Tiengen is a city in southwestern Baden-Württemberg right at the Swiss border. It is the district seat and at the same time the biggest city in Waldshut district and a "middle centre" in the area of the "high centre" Lörrach/Weil am Rhein to whose middle area most towns and communities in...
, the Confederates
Old Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy was the precursor of modern-day Switzerland....
took Mandach and added it to the Schenkenberg district. In 1518 a fire destroyed the village and in 1593 and 1668 it was ravaged by the plague. During the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
the village converted to the new doctrine.
Throughout the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
the major economic activity in the village was agriculture and viticulture
Viticulture
Viticulture is the science, production and study of grapes which deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture...
. In 1740 cotton weaving entered the village through the Hediger family. Due to its location and lack of transportation infrastructure, the village remained untouched by industralization in the 19th Century, which led to a strong population decline. In 2000, the agricultural section still provides three-fifths of the jobs in the village.
Geography
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.1%. 25.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 32.3% is used for growing crops and 29.9% is pastures, while 5.4% is used for orchards or vine crops.
The municipality is located in the Brugg district between Rotberg and Besseberg. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Mandach.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Per fess Argent a Semi Negro beaded of the first and Gules.
Demographics
Mandach has a population of , 3.2% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of -1.9%. Most of the population speaks German (98.4%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common ( 0.6%) and Italian being third ( 0.3%).The age distribution, , in Mandach is; 38 children or 12.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 48 teenagers or 15.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 34 people or 11.0% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 41 people or 13.2% are between 30 and 39, 42 people or 13.5% are between 40 and 49, and 48 people or 15.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 34 people or 11.0% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 13 people or 4.2% are between 70 and 79, there are 11 people or 3.5% who are between 80 and 89,and there is 1 person who is between 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.62 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics.
About 61.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement). , there were 11 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 41 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 57 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.80 individuals. there were 43 single family homes (or 34.1% of the total) out of a total of 126 homes and apartments. There were a total of 3 empty apartments for a 2.4% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 61.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(8.6%), the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(8.1%) and the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(7.1%).
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Mandach about 79.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 34 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1850 | 504 |
| 1900 | 361 |
| 1950 | 292 |
| 2000 | 313 |
Sights
The village of Mandach is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage SitesInventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
.
Economy
, Mandach had an unemployment rate of 0.89%. , there were 43 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 21 businesses involved in this sector. 2 people are employed in the secondary sector and there is 1 business in this sector. 34 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 9 businesses in this sector.there was a total of 170 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 120 or about 70.6% of the residents worked outside Mandach while 15 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 65 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 7.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 48.9% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 52 or 16.6% were Roman Catholic, while 245 or 78.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
.