Mechanical systems drawing
Encyclopedia
Mechanical systems drawing is a type of technical drawing
that shows information about heating, ventilating, and air conditioning; it is a powerful tool that helps analyze a complex system. These drawings are often a set of detailed drawings used for construction projects; it is a requirement for all HVAC
work. They are based on the floor and reflected ceiling plans of the architect. After the mechanical drawings are complete, they become part of the construction drawings, which is then used to apply for a building permit. They are also used to determine the price of the project.
The general arrangement shows all necessary information: overall dimensions, installation details, overall weight/mass, weight of sub systems, and service supply details.
Arrangement drawings include information about the self-contained units that make up the system: table of parts, fabrication and detail drawing, overall dimension, weight/mass, lifting points, and information needed to construct, test, lift, transport, and install the equipment. These drawings should show at least three different orthographic
views and clear details of all the components and how they are assembled.
The assembly drawing will typically include three orthographic views of the system: overall dimensions, weight and mass, identification of all the components, quantities of material, supply details, list of reference drawings, and notes. Assembly drawings show in detail how certain component parts are assembled.
In a detail drawings, components used to build the mechanical system is described in some detail to show that the designer's specifications are met: relevant codes, standards, geometry, weight, mass, material, heat treatment requirements, surface texture, size tolerances, and geometric tolerances.
A fabrication is made up of many different parts. A fabrication drawing has a list of parts that make up the fabrication. In the list, parts are identified (balloons and leader lines) and complex details are included: welding details, material standards, codes, and tolerances, and details about heat/stress treatments.
, the National Fire Code, and Model National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings. For residential projects, The National Housing Code of Canada and the Model National Energy Code of Canada for Houses must also be followed. These drawings must also adhere to local and provincial codes and bylaws.
Technical drawing
Technical drawing, also known as drafting or draughting, is the act and discipline of composing plans that visually communicate how something functions or has to be constructed.Drafting is the language of industry....
that shows information about heating, ventilating, and air conditioning; it is a powerful tool that helps analyze a complex system. These drawings are often a set of detailed drawings used for construction projects; it is a requirement for all HVAC
HVAC
HVAC refers to technology of indoor or automotive environmental comfort. HVAC system design is a major subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer...
work. They are based on the floor and reflected ceiling plans of the architect. After the mechanical drawings are complete, they become part of the construction drawings, which is then used to apply for a building permit. They are also used to determine the price of the project.
General Arrangement Drawing
The general arrangement shows all necessary information: overall dimensions, installation details, overall weight/mass, weight of sub systems, and service supply details.
Arrangement Drawing
Arrangement drawings include information about the self-contained units that make up the system: table of parts, fabrication and detail drawing, overall dimension, weight/mass, lifting points, and information needed to construct, test, lift, transport, and install the equipment. These drawings should show at least three different orthographic
Orthographic
Orthographic may refer to:* Orthographic projection** Orthographic projection ** Orthographic projection * Orthography...
views and clear details of all the components and how they are assembled.
Assembly Drawing
The assembly drawing will typically include three orthographic views of the system: overall dimensions, weight and mass, identification of all the components, quantities of material, supply details, list of reference drawings, and notes. Assembly drawings show in detail how certain component parts are assembled.
Detail Drawing
In a detail drawings, components used to build the mechanical system is described in some detail to show that the designer's specifications are met: relevant codes, standards, geometry, weight, mass, material, heat treatment requirements, surface texture, size tolerances, and geometric tolerances.
Fabrication Drawings
A fabrication is made up of many different parts. A fabrication drawing has a list of parts that make up the fabrication. In the list, parts are identified (balloons and leader lines) and complex details are included: welding details, material standards, codes, and tolerances, and details about heat/stress treatments.
Details to Include
- Size, type, and layout of ducting
- Diffusers, heat registers, return air grilles, dampers
- Turning vanes, ductwork insulation
- HVAC unit
- Thermostats
- Electrical, water, and/or gas connections
- Ventilation
- Exhaust fans
- Symbol legend, general notes and specific key notes
- Heating and/or cooling load summary
- Connection to existing systems
- Demolition of part or all of existing systems
- Smoke detector and firestat re-ducting
- Thermostat programming
- Heat loss and heat gain calculations
- Special condition
Job Outlook
About 80,000 jobs are held by mechanical drafters in the United States of America during 2008. From 2008 to 2018, mechanical drafting hiring rate is expected to neither increase nor decrease. It is encouraged to either take two additional years of training in drafting school after high school or attend a 4-year college/university to develop better technical skills and gain more experience with CADD (computer-aided design).Income of Mechanical Drafters in 2008
- Lowest 10% made $29,390.
- Highest 10% made $71,340.
- Middle 50% made between $36,490 to $59,010.
- Median: $46,640.
ADDA-Certification
The American Design Drafting Association (ADDA) has developed a Drafter Certification Test. The test assesses the drafter's skill in basic drafting concepts: geometric construction, working drawings, and architectural terms and standards. The test is administered periodically at ADDA-authorized sites.Regulations in Canada
Mechanical system drawings must abide to all of the following regulations: the National Building Code of CanadaNational Building Code of Canada
The National Building Code of Canada is the model building code of Canada. It is issued by the Institute for Research In Construction ], a part of the National Research Council of Canada...
, the National Fire Code, and Model National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings. For residential projects, The National Housing Code of Canada and the Model National Energy Code of Canada for Houses must also be followed. These drawings must also adhere to local and provincial codes and bylaws.
See also
- Architectural drawingArchitectural drawingAn architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building that falls within the definition of architecture...
- Electrical drawingElectrical drawingAn electrical drawing, is a type of technical drawing that shows information about power, lighting, and communication for an engineering or architectural project...
- Engineering drawingEngineering drawingAn engineering drawing, a type of technical drawing, is used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineered items.Engineering drawing produces engineering drawings . More than just the drawing of pictures, it is also a language—a graphical language that communicates ideas and information...
- Plumbing drawingPlumbing drawingA plumbing drawing, a type of technical drawing, shows the system of piping for fresh water going into the building and waste going out, both solid and liquid.- See also :* Architectural drawing* Electrical drawing* Engineering drawing...
- Structural drawingStructural drawingA structural drawing, a type of technical drawing, shows information about architectural foundations, roof, or other structural details....
- Technical drawingTechnical drawingTechnical drawing, also known as drafting or draughting, is the act and discipline of composing plans that visually communicate how something functions or has to be constructed.Drafting is the language of industry....
- Working drawingWorking drawingA working drawing is a type of technical drawing, which is part of the documentation needed to build an engineering product or architecture. Typically in architecture these could include civil drawings, architectural drawings, structural drawings, mechanical drawings, electrical drawings, and...
External links
- http://adc.ucolick.org/detailed_design/drawing_table.htm
- http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes173013.htm
- http://www.nfpa.org/index.asp?cookie_test=1
- http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/ibp/irc/codes/05-national-fire-code.html
- https://www.wyndhamvacationresorts.com/ffr/help/href.do?id=QA-0000169
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IISOZA9Nwfo
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8eA6_9ZBmQ