The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Alabama:

Alabama

Alabama

Alabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...

– U.S. state

U.S. state

A U.S. state is any one of the 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of...

 located in the southern region

Southern United States

The Southern United States—commonly referred to as the American South, Dixie, or simply the South—constitutes a large distinctive area in the southeastern and south-central United States...

 of the United States of America. It is bordered by Tennessee

Tennessee

Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. It has a population of 6,346,105, making it the nation's 17th-largest state by population, and covers , making it the 36th-largest by total land area...

 to the north, Georgia

Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788...

 to the east, Florida

Florida

Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...

 and the Gulf of Mexico

Gulf of Mexico

The Gulf of Mexico is a partially landlocked ocean basin largely surrounded by the North American continent and the island of Cuba. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United States, on the southwest and south by Mexico, and on the southeast by Cuba. In...

 to the south, and Mississippi

Mississippi

Mississippi is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States. Jackson is the state capital and largest city. The name of the state derives from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, whose name comes from the Ojibwe word misi-ziibi...

 to the west.

General reference

• Names
  • Common name: Alabama
    • Pronunciation: ˌæləˈbæmə
  • Official name: State of Alabama
  • Abbreviations and name codes
    • Postal symbol: AL
    • ISO 3166-2 code: US-AL
    • Internet
      Internet
      The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...
      
       second-level domain
      Second-level domain
      In the Domain Name System hierarchy, a second-level domain is a domain that is directly below a top-level domain . For example, in example.com, example is the second-level domain of the .com TLD....
      
      : .al.us
  • Nicknames
    • Cotton Plantation State
    • Cotton State
    • Heart of Dixie
    • Lizard State
    • Yellowhammer
      Northern Flicker
      The Northern Flicker is a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, and is one of the few woodpecker species that migrate. There are over 100 common names for the Northern Flicker...
      
       State
    • Camellia State
• Adjectival: Alabama
  Alabama
  Alabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...
  
  
• Demonyms
  • Alabamian
  • Alabaman

Geography of Alabama

• Alabama is: a U.S. state
  U.S. state
  A U.S. state is any one of the 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of...
  
  , a federal state of the United States of America
• Location
  • Northern hemisphere
    Northern Hemisphere
    The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet that is north of its equator—the word hemisphere literally means “half sphere”. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator...
    
    
  • Western hemisphere
    Western Hemisphere
    The Western Hemisphere or western hemisphere is mainly used as a geographical term for the half of the Earth that lies west of the Prime Meridian and east of the Antimeridian , the other half being called the Eastern Hemisphere.In this sense, the western hemisphere consists of the western portions...
    
    
    • Americas
      Americas
      The Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...
      
      
      • North America
        North America
        North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
        
        
        • Anglo America
        • Northern America
          Northern America
          Northern America is the northernmost region of the Americas, and is part of the North American continent. It lies directly north of the region of Middle America; the land border between the two regions coincides with the border between the United States and Mexico...
          
          
          • United States of America
            • Contiguous United States
              Contiguous United States
              The contiguous United States are the 48 U.S. states on the continent of North America that are south of Canada and north of Mexico, plus the District of Columbia....
              
              
              • Central United States
                Central United States
                The Central United States is sometimes conceived as between the Eastern United States and Western United States as part of a three-region model, roughly coincident with the Midwestern United States plus the western and central portions of the Southern United States; the term is also sometimes used...
                
                
                • East South Central States
                  East South Central States
                  The East South Central States constitute one of the nine Census Bureau Divisions of the United States.Four states make up the division: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee...
                  
                  
              • Southern United States
                Southern United States
                The Southern United States—commonly referred to as the American South, Dixie, or simply the South—constitutes a large distinctive area in the southeastern and south-central United States...
                
                
                • Deep South
                  Deep South
                  The Deep South is a descriptive category of the cultural and geographic subregions in the American South. Historically, it is differentiated from the "Upper South" as being the states which were most dependent on plantation type agriculture during the pre-Civil War period...
                  
                  
                  • Gulf Coast of the United States
                    Gulf Coast of the United States
                    The Gulf Coast of the United States, sometimes referred to as the Gulf South, South Coast, or 3rd Coast, comprises the coasts of American states that are on the Gulf of Mexico, which includes Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida and are known as the Gulf States...
                    
                    
                • Southeastern United States
                  Southeastern United States
                  The Southeastern United States, colloquially referred to as the Southeast, is the eastern portion of the Southern United States. It is one of the most populous regions in the United States of America....
                  
                  
• Population of Alabama: 4,779,736 (2010 U.S. Census)
• Area of Alabama:
• Atlas of Alabama

Places in Alabama

• Historic places in Alabama
  • Ghost towns in Alabama
  • National Historic Landmarks in Alabama
  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Alabama
    • Bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
• National Natural Landmarks in Alabama
• State parks in Alabama

Environment of Alabama

• Climate of Alabama
  Climate of Alabama
  The state is classified as humid subtropical under the Koppen Climate Classification. The average annual temperature is 64 °F . Temperatures tend to be warmer in the southern part of the state with its proximity to the Gulf of Mexico, while the northern parts of the state, especially in the...
  
  
• Geology of Alabama
  Geology of Alabama
  The geology of Alabama is marked by abundant geologic resources and a variety of geologic structures from folded mountains in the north to sandy beaches along the Gulf of Mexico coast. Alabama spans three continental geologic provinces as defined by the United States Geological Survey, the Atlantic...
  
  
• Protected areas in Alabama
  • State forests of Alabama
• Superfund sites in Alabama
• Wildlife of Alabama
  • Fauna of Alabama
    • Reptiles
      • Snakes of Alabama

Natural geographic features of Alabama

• Islands of Alabama
• Lakes of Alabama
• Rivers of Alabama

Regions of Alabama

• North Alabama
  North Alabama
  North Alabama is a region of the U.S. state of Alabama, generally considered to include 12 counties: Cherokee, Colbert, DeKalb, Franklin, Jackson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, Marshall, Morgan, and Winston, with a combined population of 958,247, or 20.84% of the state's population as...
  
  
• Central Alabama
  Central Alabama
  Central Alabama is the region in the state of Alabama that stretches approximately 170 miles  from the western border with Mississippi to eastern border with Georgia and 136 miles  from the northern border of Cullman County to the Alabama River in southern Autauga County. With a...
  
  
• South Alabama
  South Alabama
  South Alabama is a term used to describe various parts of southern Alabama. Its usage does not however reflect a strictly defined geographic region...
  
  
• Black Belt
  Black Belt (region of Alabama)
  The Black Belt is a region of the U.S. state of Alabama, and part of the larger Black Belt Region of the Southern United States, which stretches from Texas to Maryland. The term originally referred to the region underlain by a thin layer of rich, black topsoil developed atop the chalk of the Selma...
  
  
• Lower Alabama
  Lower Alabama
  Lower Alabama is a term used to describe various parts of southern Alabama. Its usage does not however reflect a formally defined geographic region. Three areas generally are known to use the Lower Alabama name....
  
  
• Mobile Bay
  Mobile Bay
  Mobile Bay is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, lying within the state of Alabama in the United States. Its mouth is formed by the Fort Morgan Peninsula on the eastern side and Dauphin Island, a barrier island on the western side. The Mobile River and Tensaw River empty into the northern end of the...
  
  

Metropolitan areas of Alabama

Metropolitan areas of Alabama, ranked by size:

1. Birmingham
   Birmingham, Alabama
   Birmingham is the largest city in Alabama. The city is the county seat of Jefferson County. According to the 2010 United States Census, Birmingham had a population of 212,237. The Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Area, in estimate by the U.S...
   
   
2. Mobile
   Mobile, Alabama
   Mobile is the third most populous city in the Southern US state of Alabama and is the county seat of Mobile County. It is located on the Mobile River and the central Gulf Coast of the United States. The population within the city limits was 195,111 during the 2010 census. It is the largest...
   
   
3. Huntsville
   Huntsville, Alabama
   Huntsville is a city located primarily in Madison County in the central part of the far northern region of the U.S. state of Alabama. Huntsville is the county seat of Madison County. The city extends west into neighboring Limestone County. Huntsville's population was 180,105 as of the 2010 Census....
   
   
4. Montgomery
   Montgomery, Alabama
   Montgomery is the capital of the U.S. state of Alabama, and is the county seat of Montgomery County. It is located on the Alabama River southeast of the center of the state, in the Gulf Coastal Plain. As of the 2010 census, Montgomery had a population of 205,764 making it the second-largest city...
   
   
5. Tuscaloosa
   Tuscaloosa metropolitan area
   The Tuscaloosa metropolitan area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in west central Alabama, anchored by the city of Tuscaloosa...
   
   
6. Decatur
   Decatur Metropolitan Area
   The Decatur Metropolitan Area is a moderately urban region of North-Central Alabama. The 2008 estimate population is 150,125, one third of which resides within the boundaries of its core city, Decatur, Alabama....
   
   
7. Florence-Muscle Shoals
8. Dothan
   Dothan metropolitan area
   The Dothan Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in southeastern Alabama, anchored by the city of Dothan...
   
   
9. Auburn
   Auburn Metropolitan Area
   The Auburn Metropolitan Area—officially the Auburn-Opelika, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area—is a metro area in east-central Alabama with a 2009 population of 135,883. It was the 19th fastest growing metro area in the United States between 1990 and 2000...
   
   
10. Anniston-Oxford
    Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Area
    The Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area is the most populated metropolitan area in Northeast Alabama next to Huntsville. At the 2000 census, it had a population of 112,249...
    
    
11. Gadsden
    Gadsden, Alabama
    The city of Gadsden is the county seat of Etowah County in the U.S. state of Alabama, and it is located about 65 miles northeast of Birmingham, Alabama. It is the primary city of the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area, which has a population of 103,459. Gadsden is closely associated with the...
    
    

Administrative divisions of Alabama

• The 67 counties of the state of Alabama
  • Municipalities in Alabama
    • Cities in Alabama
      • State capital of Alabama: Montgomery
        Montgomery, Alabama
        Montgomery is the capital of the U.S. state of Alabama, and is the county seat of Montgomery County. It is located on the Alabama River southeast of the center of the state, in the Gulf Coastal Plain. As of the 2010 census, Montgomery had a population of 205,764 making it the second-largest city...
        
        
      • City nicknames in Alabama

Government and politics of Alabama

Main article: Government of Alabama

Government of Alabama

The government of Alabama is organized under the provisions of the 1901 Constitution of Alabama, which is the lengthiest constitution of any political entity in the world...

 and Politics of Alabama

• Form of government
  Form of government
  A form of government, or form of state governance, refers to the set of political institutions by which a government of a state is organized. Synonyms include "regime type" and "system of government".-Empirical and conceptual problems:...
  
  : U.S. state government
  State governments of the United States
  State governments in the United States are those republics formed by citizens in the jurisdiction thereof as provided by the United States Constitution; with the original 13 States forming the first Articles of Confederation, and later the aforementioned Constitution. Within the U.S...
  
  
• United States congressional delegations from Alabama
  United States congressional delegations from Alabama
  These are tables of congressional delegations from Alabama to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives.-United States Senate:-1818 – 1819: 1 non-voting delegate:...
  
  
• Alabama State Capitol
  Alabama State Capitol
  The Alabama State Capitol, also known as the First Confederate Capitol, is the state capitol building for Alabama. It is located on Capitol Hill, originally Goat Hill, in Montgomery. It was declared a National Historic Landmark on December 19, 1960....
  
  

• Elections in Alabama
  • Electoral reform in Alabama
    Electoral reform in Alabama
    Electoral reform in Alabama refers to efforts to change the voting laws in the Yellowhammer State. In 2006, HB 711 was introduced to use preferential ballots for overseas military voters' it was passed by the Alabama House of Representatives...
    
    
• Political party strength in Alabama
  Political party strength in Alabama
  The following table displays, by color, the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of Alabama from 1817 to the current year.As such, it may indicate the political party strength at any given time...
  
  

Executive branch of the government of Alabama

• Governor of Alabama
  • Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
  • Secretary of State of Alabama
    Secretary of State of Alabama
    The Secretary of State of Alabama is one of the constitutional officers of the U.S. state of Alabama. The office actually predates the statehood of Alabama, dating back to the Alabama Territory. From 1819 to 1901, the Secretary of State served a two-year term until the State Constitution was...
    
    
• State departments
  • Alabama Department of Transportation
    Alabama Department of Transportation
    The Alabama Department of Transportation is the government agency responsible for transportation infrastructure in Alabama. The department is divided into nine geographical divisions, with a central office located in Montgomery.-External links:...
    
    

Legislative branch of the government of Alabama

• Alabama Legislature
  Alabama Legislature
  The Alabama Legislature is the legislative branch of the state government of Alabama. It is a bicameral body composed of the Alabama House of Representatives, with 105 members, and the Alabama Senate, with 35 members...
  
   (bicameral)
  • Upper house
    Upper house
    An upper house, often called a senate, is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house; a legislature composed of only one house is described as unicameral.- Possible specific characteristics :...
    
    : Alabama Senate
    Alabama Senate
    The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal amount of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens...
    
    
  • Lower house
    Lower house
    A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house.Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide the lower house has come to wield more power...
    
    : Alabama House of Representatives
    Alabama House of Representatives
    The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal amount of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term...
    
    

Judicial branch of the government of Alabama

• Supreme Court of Alabama
  Alabama Supreme Court
  The Supreme Court of Alabama is the highest court in the state of Alabama. The court consists of an elected Chief Justice and eight elected Associate Justices. Each justice is elected in partisan elections for staggered six year terms. The Governor of Alabama may fill vacancies when they occur...
  
  

Law and order in Alabama

• Capital punishment in Alabama
  Capital punishment in Alabama
  Capital punishment is legal in Alabama, as it is in most U.S. states. Capital punishment dates back to 1812, when present-day Alabama was still part of the Mississippi Territory....
  
  
  • Individuals executed in Alabama
• Constitution of Alabama
• Crime in Alabama
  Crime in Alabama
  -Statistics:In 2008 there were 211,075 crimes reported in Alabama including 353 murders 190,343 property crimes and 1,617 rapes....
  
  
• Gun laws in Alabama
• Law enforcement in Alabama
  • Law enforcement agencies in Alabama
• Same-sex marriage in Alabama

History of Alabama, by period

• Prehistory of Alabama
• Spanish
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
  
   colony of Florida
  Spanish Florida
  Spanish Florida refers to the Spanish territory of Florida, which formed part of the Captaincy General of Cuba, the Viceroyalty of New Spain, and the Spanish Empire. Originally extending over what is now the southeastern United States, but with no defined boundaries, la Florida was a component of...
  
  , 1565–1763
• French
  France
  The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
  
   colony of Louisiane
  Louisiana (New France)
  Louisiana or French Louisiana was an administrative district of New France. Under French control from 1682–1763 and 1800–03, the area was named in honor of Louis XIV, by French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle...
  
  , 1699–1763
• British
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
  
   Colony of Georgia, 1732–1776
• French and Indian War
  French and Indian War
  The French and Indian War is the common American name for the war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. In 1756, the war erupted into the world-wide conflict known as the Seven Years' War and thus came to be regarded as the North American theater of that war...
  
  , 1754–1763
  • Treaty of Paris of 1763
    Treaty of Paris (1763)
    The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763, by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement. It ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War...
    
    
• British
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
  
   Colony of West Florida, 1763–1783
• British
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
  
   Indian Reserve
  Indian Reserve (1763)
  The Indian Reserve was a territory under British rule in North America set aside in the Royal Proclamation of 1763 for use by American Indians between 1763 and 1783....
  
  , 1763–1783
  • Royal Proclamation of 1763
    Royal Proclamation of 1763
    The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War...
    
    
• American Revolutionary War
  American Revolutionary War
  The American Revolutionary War , the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.The war was the result of the...
  
  , April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783
  • United States Declaration of Independence
    United States Declaration of Independence
    The Declaration of Independence was a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire. John Adams put forth a...
    
    , July 4, 1776
  • Treaty of Paris
    Treaty of Paris (1783)
    The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain on the one hand and the United States of America and its allies on the other. The other combatant nations, France, Spain and the Dutch Republic had separate agreements; for details of...
    
    , September 3, 1783
• Territorial claims
  State cessions
  The state cessions are those areas of the United States that the separate states ceded to the federal government in the late 18th and early 19th century...
  
   of State of South Carolina along 35th parallel north
  35th parallel north
  The 35th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 35 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean....
  
  , 1776–1787
• Territorial claims
  State cessions
  The state cessions are those areas of the United States that the separate states ceded to the federal government in the late 18th and early 19th century...
  
   of State of Georgia
  Georgia (U.S. state)
  Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788...
  
   from 31st parallel north
  31st parallel north
  The 31st parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 31 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean.Part of the border between Iran and Iraq is defined by the parallel....
  
   to 35th parallel north
  35th parallel north
  The 35th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 35 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean....
  
  , 1776–1802
• Spanish
  Spain
  Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
  
   colony of Florida Occidental, 1783–1821
  • Treaty of San Lorenzo of 1795
  • Republic of West Florida, 1810
• Territory of Mississippi, 1798–1817
  • War of 1812
    War of 1812
    The War of 1812 was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire. The Americans declared war in 1812 for several reasons, including trade restrictions because of Britain's ongoing war with France, impressment of American merchant...
    
    , June 18, 1812 – March 23, 1815
    • United States
      United States
      The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
      
       unilaterally annexes Mobile District
      Mobile District
      The Mobile District was an administrative region of the Spanish territory of West Florida, which became part of the independent Republic of West Florida on September 23, 1810. The region was bounded in the north by the 31st parallel, in the south by the Gulf of Mexico, in the east by the Perdido...
      
       of Spanish
      Spain
      Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
      
       Florida Occidental, 1812
    • Treaty of Ghent
      Treaty of Ghent
      The Treaty of Ghent , signed on 24 December 1814, in Ghent , was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...
      
      , December 24, 1814
  • Creek War
    Creek War
    The Creek War , also known as the Red Stick War and the Creek Civil War, began as a civil war within the Creek nation...
    
    , 1813–1814
• Territory of Alabama, 1817–1819
  • History of slavery in Alabama
    History of slavery in Alabama
    Following the War of 1812 and the defeat and expulsion of the Creek Nation, European-American settlement in Alabama was intensified, as was the presence of slavery on newly-established plantations in the territory...
    
    
  • Adams-Onís Treaty
    Adams-Onís Treaty
    The Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty or the Purchase of Florida, was a treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that gave Florida to the U.S. and set out a boundary between the U.S. and New Spain . It settled a standing border dispute between the two...
    
     of 1819
• State of Alabama becomes 22nd state admitted to the United States of America on December 14, 1819
  • Trail of Tears
    Trail of Tears
    The Trail of Tears is a name given to the forced relocation and movement of Native American nations from southeastern parts of the United States following the Indian Removal Act of 1830...
    
    , 1830–1838
  • Mexican-American War, April 25, 1846 – February 2, 1848
  • Fourth state to declare secession from the United States of America on January 11, 1861
  • Founding state of the Confederate States of America
    Confederate States of America
    The Confederate States of America was a government set up from 1861 to 1865 by 11 Southern slave states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S...
    
     on February 8, 1861
  • American Civil War
    American Civil War
    The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
    
    , April 12, 1861 – May 13, 1865
    • Alabama in the American Civil War
      • Battle of Day's Gap
        Battle of Day's Gap
        The Battle of Day's Gap, fought on April 30, 1863, was the first in a series of American Civil War skirmishes in Cullman County, Alabama, that lasted until May 2, known as Streight's Raid. Commanding the Union forces was Col. Abel Streight; Brig. Gen...
        
        , April 30, 1863
      • Battle of Athens
        Battle of Athens (1864)
        The Battle of Athens was fought in Athens, Alabama , on January 26, 1864, as part of the American Civil War. The Union force was a company under Captain Emil Adams from the 9th Illinois Mounted Infantry regiment. The Confederate force was the 1st Alabama Cavalry, under Lieutenant Colonel Moses W...
        
        , January 26, 1864
      • Battle of Mobile Bay
        Battle of Mobile Bay
        The Battle of Mobile Bay of August 5, 1864, was an engagement of the American Civil War in which a Federal fleet commanded by Rear Adm. David G. Farragut, assisted by a contingent of soldiers, attacked a smaller Confederate fleet led by Adm...
        
        , August 2–23, 1864
      • Franklin-Nashville Campaign
        Franklin-Nashville Campaign
        The Franklin-Nashville Campaign, also known as Hood's Tennessee Campaign, was a series of battles in the Western Theater, conducted from September 18 to December 27, 1864, in Alabama, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia during the American Civil War. The Confederate Army of Tennessee under Lt....
        
        , October 5 – December 25, 1864
        • Battle of Decatur
          Battle of Decatur
          The Battle of Decatur was a demonstration conducted from October 26 to October 29, 1864, as part of the Franklin-Nashville Campaign of the American Civil War. Union forces of 3–5,000 men under Brig. Gen. Robert S. Granger prevented the 39,000 men of the Confederate Army of Tennessee under ...
          
          , October 26–29, 1864
      • Battle of Spanish Fort
        Battle of Spanish Fort
        The Battle of Spanish Fort took place from March 27 to April 8, 1865 in Baldwin County, Alabama, as part of the Mobile Campaign of the Western Theater of the American Civil War....
        
        , March 27 – April 8, 1865
      • Battle of Selma
        Battle of Selma
        The Battle of Selma was a military engagement near the end of the American Civil War. It was fought in Selma, Alabama, on April 2, 1865. Union Army forces under Major General James H...
        
        , April 2, 1865
      • Battle of Fort Blakely
        Battle of Fort Blakely
        -Sources:**-External links:*...
        
        , April 2–9, 1865
  • Alabama in Reconstruction, 1865–1868
    • Seventh former Confederate state readmitted to the United States of America on July 13, 1868
  • Historical Panorama of Alabama Agriculture
    Historical Panorama of Alabama Agriculture
    The Historical Panorama of Alabama Agriculture was a series of murals commissioned by the Alabama Extension Service and partly funded by the Works Progress Administration for the 1939 Alabama State Fair, held October 2–7 in Birmingham.-John Augustus Walker:The commission was assigned to John...
    
    , October 2–7, 1939
  • African-American Civil Rights Movement from December 1, 1955, to January 20, 1969
    • Montgomery Bus Boycott
      Montgomery Bus Boycott
      The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest campaign that started in 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama, USA, intended to oppose the city's policy of racial segregation on its public transit system. Many important figures in the civil rights movement were involved in the boycott,...
      
      , December 1, 1955 – December 20, 1956
    • Birmingham Campaign
      Birmingham campaign
      The Birmingham campaign was a strategic movement organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to bring attention to the unequal treatment that black Americans endured in Birmingham, Alabama...
      
      , Spring, 1963
    • Selma to Montgomery marches
      Selma to Montgomery marches
      The Selma to Montgomery marches were three marches in 1965 that marked the political and emotional peak of the American civil rights movement. They grew out of the voting rights movement in Selma, Alabama, launched by local African-Americans who formed the Dallas County Voters League...
      
      , March 7–25, 1965

History of Alabama, by region

• History of Huntsville, Alabama
• History of Mobile, Alabama
  History of Mobile, Alabama
  Mobile was founded as the capital of colonial French Louisiana in 1702 and remained a part of New France for over 60 years. During 1720, when France warred with Spain, Mobile was on the battlefront, so the capital moved west to Biloxi. In 1763, Britain took control of the colony following their...
  
  
  • History of sports in Mobile, Alabama
    History of sports in Mobile, Alabama
    Mobile, Alabama is home to many different sports teams and events. It is also home to several notable athletes.-Azalea Trail Run:The Azalea Trail Run is an annual 10K race and 2-mile fun run held each Spring which winds through the streets of historic downtown Mobile.-GMAC Bowl:The GMAC Bowl is a...
    
    
• History of Montgomery, Alabama
  History of Montgomery, Alabama
  Montgomery, Alabama was incorporated in 1819, as a merger of two towns situated along the Alabama River. It became the state capital in 1846. In February 1861, Montgomery was selected as the first capital of the Confederate States of America, until the seat of government moved to Richmond, Virginia...
  
  
  • Browder v. Gayle
    Browder v. Gayle
    Browder v. Gayle, 142 F. Supp. 707 , was a case heard before the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama on Montgomery bus segregation laws...
    
    
  • Montgomery Bus Boycott
    Montgomery Bus Boycott
    The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest campaign that started in 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama, USA, intended to oppose the city's policy of racial segregation on its public transit system. Many important figures in the civil rights movement were involved in the boycott,...
    
    
  • Civil Rights Memorial
    Civil Rights Memorial
    The Civil Rights Memorial is a memorial in Montgomery, Alabama to 40 people who died in the struggle for the equal and integrated treatment of all people, regardless of race, during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. The memorial is sponsored by the Southern Poverty Law Center.The...
    
    
  • How Long, Not Long
    How Long, Not Long
    "How Long, Not Long" is the popular name given to the public speech delivered by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., on the steps of the State Capitol in Montgomery, Alabama, after the successful completion of the Selma to Montgomery March on March 25, 1965...
    
    
  • Lehman Brothers
    Lehman Brothers
    Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. was a global financial services firm. Before declaring bankruptcy in 2008, Lehman was the fourth largest investment bank in the USA , doing business in investment banking, equity and fixed-income sales and trading Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (former NYSE ticker...
    
    
  • Lightning Route
    Lightning Route
    The Capital City Street Railway, also known as the Lightning Route, was the first city-wide system of streetcars established in Montgomery, Alabama, United States on April 15, 1886. This early technology was developed by Belgian-American inventor Charles Joseph Van Depoele. James Gaboury was the...
    
    
  • Mid-November 2006 tornado outbreak
    Mid-November 2006 tornado outbreak
    The Mid-November 2006 tornado outbreak was a significant tornado outbreak across the Southern United States and into the Mid-Atlantic States on November 15 and 16, 2006. It took place along a sharp cold front that tracked across the entire region from west to east. At least nine people were killed...
    
    
  • Montgomery Convention
    Montgomery Convention
    The Montgomery Convention marked the formal beginning of the Confederate States of America. Convened in Montgomery, Alabama the Convention organized a provisional government for the Confederacy and created the Constitution of the Confederate States of America....
    
    
  • Montgomery Improvement Association
    Montgomery Improvement Association
    The Montgomery Improvement Association was formed on December 5, 1955 by black ministers and community leaders in Montgomery, Alabama. Under the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr...
    
    
  • Montgomery and West Point Railroad
    Montgomery and West Point Railroad
    The Montgomery and West Point Railroad was an early 19th century railroad in Alabama and Georgia. It played an important role during the American Civil War as a supply and transportation route for the Confederate Army, and, as such, was the target of a large raid by Union cavalry in the summer of...
    
    
  • Selma to Montgomery marches
    Selma to Montgomery marches
    The Selma to Montgomery marches were three marches in 1965 that marked the political and emotional peak of the American civil rights movement. They grew out of the voting rights movement in Selma, Alabama, launched by local African-Americans who formed the Dallas County Voters League...
    
    
  • Women's Political Council
    Women's Political Council
    The Women's Political Council, founded in Montgomery, Alabama, was an organization that was part of the African-American Civil Rights Movement.. Members included Mary Fair Burks, Jo Ann Robinson, Irene West, and Uretta Adair...
    
    
  • Wright Flying School
    Wright Flying School
    The Wright Flying School, also known as the Wright School of Aviation, was operated by the Wright Company from 1910 to 1916 and trained 119 individuals to fly Wright airplanes.-History:...
    
    
• History of St. Stephens, Alabama

History of Alabama, by subject

• History of the Alabama Cooperative Extension System
  History of the Alabama Cooperative Extension System
  A common perception is that the birth of Cooperative Extension followed passage of the Smith-Lever Act of 1914, which provided federal funds to land-grant universities to support Extension work. In a formal sense, this is true...
  
  
• History of slavery in Alabama
  History of slavery in Alabama
  Following the War of 1812 and the defeat and expulsion of the Creek Nation, European-American settlement in Alabama was intensified, as was the presence of slavery on newly-established plantations in the territory...
  
  
• History of sports in Alabama
  • History of sports in Mobile, Alabama
    History of sports in Mobile, Alabama
    Mobile, Alabama is home to many different sports teams and events. It is also home to several notable athletes.-Azalea Trail Run:The Azalea Trail Run is an annual 10K race and 2-mile fun run held each Spring which winds through the streets of historic downtown Mobile.-GMAC Bowl:The GMAC Bowl is a...
    
    
• History of universities in Alabama
  • History of the University of West Alabama
    History of University of West Alabama
    - Early Beginnings: 1835–1919 :The University of West Alabama was chartered in 1835 as Livingston Female Academy and State Normal College, a church-related female academy, and admitted its first students in 1839. After difficult times during the Civil War and Reconstruction periods, the school...
    
    
  • History of the University of North Alabama
    History of the University of North Alabama
    A comprehensive regional university today, the University of North Alabama traces its beginnings to the first half of the 19th century, when the Methodist Episcopal Church sought to bring learning and culture to an obscure mountain in a sparsely populated state known as Alabama.From these humble...
    
    
  • History of the University of Alabama
    History of the University of Alabama
    The History of The University of Alabama begins with an act of United States Congress in 1818 authorizing the newly formed Alabama Territory to set aside a township for the establishment of a "seminary of learning." Alabama was admitted to the Union on March 20, 1819 and a second township added to...
    
    

Culture of Alabama

• Museums in Alabama
• Religion in Alabama
  • The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Alabama
    The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Alabama
    As of year-end 2007, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 33,404 members, 6 stakes , 41 wards, 30 branches, 1 mission, and 1 temple in Alabama.-History:...
    
    
  • Episcopal Diocese of Alabama
    Episcopal Diocese of Alabama
    The Episcopal Diocese of Alabama is located in Province IV of The Episcopal Church and serves the State of Alabama with the exception of the extreme southern region, including Mobile, which forms part of the Diocese of the Central Gulf Coast....
    
    
• Scouting in Alabama
  Scouting in Alabama
  Scouting in Alabama has a long history, from the 1910s to the present day, serving thousands of youth in programs that suit the environment in which they live.-Early history :...
  
  
• State symbols of Alabama
  • Flag of the State of Alabama  
  • Great Seal of the State of Alabama 

Sports in Alabama

• Professional sports teams in Alabama

Economy and infrastructure of Alabama

• Communications in Alabama
  • Newspapers in Alabama
  • Radio stations in Alabama
  • Television stations in Alabama
• Health care in Alabama
  • Hospitals in Alabama
• Transportation in Alabama
  • Airports in Alabama

Education in Alabama

• Schools in Alabama
  • School districts in Alabama
    • High schools in Alabama
  • Colleges and universities in Alabama
    • University of Alabama
      University of Alabama
      The University of Alabama is a public coeducational university located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States....
      
      
    • Alabama State University
      Alabama State University
      Alabama State University, founded 1867, is a historically black university located in Montgomery, Alabama. ASU is a member school of the Thurgood Marshall Scholarship Fund.- History :...
      
      

See also

• Outline of geography
  Outline of geography
  The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:Geography – science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.- Geography is :...
  
  
  • Outline of North America
    • Outline of the United States
• Index of Alabama-related articles

External links

• Alabama.gov – Official website.
• Alabama State Guide, from the Library of Congress
• Alabama State Databases – Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Alabama state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
• Alabama Association of Regional Councils
• Energy Data & Statistics for Alabama- From the U.S. Department of Energy
• TourAlabama.org – Alabama Department of Tourism and Travel
• All About Alabama, at the Alabama Department of Archives and History
  Alabama Department of Archives and History
  The Alabama Department of Archives and History is the official repository of archival records for the U.S. state of Alabama. It was created by an act of the Alabama Legislature on February 27, 1901 with a primary mission of collecting and preserving artifacts relating to the history of the state...
  
  
• AlabamaMosaic, a digital repository of materials on Alabama's history, culture, places, and people
• Code of Alabama 1975 – at the Alabama Legislature site
• USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Alabama
• Alabama QuickFacts from the U.S. Census Bureau
• Alabama State Fact Sheet from the U.S. Department of Agriculture
• Alabama State Parks
• National Parks of Alabama
• Encyclopedia of Alabama covers history, culture, geography, and natural environment.