Robert I of Bar
Encyclopedia
Robert I of Bar was Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson and Count and then Duke of Bar. He succeeded his elder brother Edward II of Bar
as count in 1352, and the county was promoted to a duchy in 1354. Their parents were Henry IV of Bar
and Yolande of Flanders.
, became Count of Bar under their mother's regency. As neither Robert nor Edward had a strong constitution, Yolande gained authorisation from Pope Clement VI
to allow them to eat meat during periods of abstinence. When his brother Edward died, Robert was still only 7 years old and the problem of the regency came about again in a new form. In effect, his mother was on the point of remarrying to Philip of Navarre, count of Longueville, from the Navarre family which was struggling with John the Good
for the French crown. On the other hand, Jeanne of Bar
(1295-†1361), countess of Warren and daughter of Henry III of Bar, made known to the king that she was ready to take over the regency over Robert. The Parliament of Paris, by decree of 5 June 1352, decided that the county was in the king's hands. John the Good then entrusted the regency to Jeanne on 27 July that year. Yolande at first renounced the regency, but went back on her decision, levying troops to fight Jeanne. John the Good had to intervene to force Yolande to renounce the regency for good on 2 July 1353.
A question of precedence led to the County of Bar being raised to the status of duchy. In effect, Pont-à-Mousson
was promoted to a margravate, the acts mentioning Robert as marquis of Pont-à-Mousson
and Count of Bar. For the nobles in the County of Bar this was illogical, since to the counts Bar was territorially more important than Pont-à-Mousson. To resolve this anomaly, Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg promoted Bar to a duchy.
Poitiers' defeat and John the Good's capture in 1356 deprived Jeanne of John's support and Yolande retook the regency, with Robert being knighted in December 1356 and declared of age on 8 November 1359. He assisted at the coronation of Charles V of France
at Reims
on 9 May 1364, then at that of Charles VI of France
on 4 November 1380. During Charles V's reign he fought in several expeditions in 1374 aiming to eject the English from Normandy
. In 1401, Robert ceded his duchy to his son Edward
, but reserved the usufruct
on it, bypassing his grandson Robert (son of Henry of Bar). Robert unsuccessfully opposed this in the parliament of Paris that ran from 1406 to 1409. Charles VI's madness put him under the control of the Duke of Orleans and Duke of Burgundy. Robert supported the duke of Orleans but after that duke's assassination stayed more and more in the duchy due to attacks of gout which stopped him walking.
and Bonne of Luxembourg. Their children were:
Edward II of Bar
Edward II of Bar was Henry IV of Bar's eldest son and successor as count of Bar . He had no male issue and was succeeded as count by his younger brother Robert I of Bar....
as count in 1352, and the county was promoted to a duchy in 1354. Their parents were Henry IV of Bar
Henry IV of Bar
Henry IV of Bar was count of Bar from 1336 to 1344. His aunt, Joan of Bar, Countess of Surrey, governed Bar in his name during his minority. He was the son of Edward I of Bar and his wife Marie of Burgundy. He married Yolande de Dampierre and both his children succeeded him as count....
and Yolande of Flanders.
Life
When Robert was less than a year old, his father died and his elder brother, Edward II of BarEdward II of Bar
Edward II of Bar was Henry IV of Bar's eldest son and successor as count of Bar . He had no male issue and was succeeded as count by his younger brother Robert I of Bar....
, became Count of Bar under their mother's regency. As neither Robert nor Edward had a strong constitution, Yolande gained authorisation from Pope Clement VI
Pope Clement VI
Pope Clement VI , bornPierre Roger, the fourth of the Avignon Popes, was pope from May 1342 until his death in December of 1352...
to allow them to eat meat during periods of abstinence. When his brother Edward died, Robert was still only 7 years old and the problem of the regency came about again in a new form. In effect, his mother was on the point of remarrying to Philip of Navarre, count of Longueville, from the Navarre family which was struggling with John the Good
John II of France
John II , called John the Good , was the King of France from 1350 until his death. He was the second sovereign of the House of Valois and is perhaps best remembered as the king who was vanquished at the Battle of Poitiers and taken as a captive to England.The son of Philip VI and Joan the Lame,...
for the French crown. On the other hand, Jeanne of Bar
Jeanne de Bar
Joan of Bar was the younger daughter of Henry III, Count of Bar and Princess Eleanor of England, and niece of Edward II of England. She was unhappily married to John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey. In 1354, Joan became the regent of Bar for her great-nephew, Robert I.Joan was a granddaughter of...
(1295-†1361), countess of Warren and daughter of Henry III of Bar, made known to the king that she was ready to take over the regency over Robert. The Parliament of Paris, by decree of 5 June 1352, decided that the county was in the king's hands. John the Good then entrusted the regency to Jeanne on 27 July that year. Yolande at first renounced the regency, but went back on her decision, levying troops to fight Jeanne. John the Good had to intervene to force Yolande to renounce the regency for good on 2 July 1353.
A question of precedence led to the County of Bar being raised to the status of duchy. In effect, Pont-à-Mousson
Pont-à-Mousson
Pont-à-Mousson is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.Population : 14,592 . It is an industrial town , situated on the Moselle River...
was promoted to a margravate, the acts mentioning Robert as marquis of Pont-à-Mousson
Pont-à-Mousson
Pont-à-Mousson is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.Population : 14,592 . It is an industrial town , situated on the Moselle River...
and Count of Bar. For the nobles in the County of Bar this was illogical, since to the counts Bar was territorially more important than Pont-à-Mousson. To resolve this anomaly, Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg promoted Bar to a duchy.
Poitiers' defeat and John the Good's capture in 1356 deprived Jeanne of John's support and Yolande retook the regency, with Robert being knighted in December 1356 and declared of age on 8 November 1359. He assisted at the coronation of Charles V of France
Charles V of France
Charles V , called the Wise, was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois...
at Reims
Reims
Reims , a city in the Champagne-Ardenne region of France, lies east-northeast of Paris. Founded by the Gauls, it became a major city during the period of the Roman Empire....
on 9 May 1364, then at that of Charles VI of France
Charles VI of France
Charles VI , called the Beloved and the Mad , was the King of France from 1380 to 1422, as a member of the House of Valois. His bouts with madness, which seem to have begun in 1392, led to quarrels among the French royal family, which were exploited by the neighbouring powers of England and Burgundy...
on 4 November 1380. During Charles V's reign he fought in several expeditions in 1374 aiming to eject the English from Normandy
Normandy
Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
. In 1401, Robert ceded his duchy to his son Edward
Edward III of Bar
Edward III of Bar was made marquis of Pont-à-Mousson by his father Robert I of Bar in 1399 and held it until his death...
, but reserved the usufruct
Usufruct
Usufruct is the legal right to use and derive profit or benefit from property that either belongs to another person or which is under common ownership, as long as the property is not damaged or destroyed...
on it, bypassing his grandson Robert (son of Henry of Bar). Robert unsuccessfully opposed this in the parliament of Paris that ran from 1406 to 1409. Charles VI's madness put him under the control of the Duke of Orleans and Duke of Burgundy. Robert supported the duke of Orleans but after that duke's assassination stayed more and more in the duchy due to attacks of gout which stopped him walking.
Marriage and issue
In 1364 he married Marie Valois, daughter of king John II of FranceJohn II of France
John II , called John the Good , was the King of France from 1350 until his death. He was the second sovereign of the House of Valois and is perhaps best remembered as the king who was vanquished at the Battle of Poitiers and taken as a captive to England.The son of Philip VI and Joan the Lame,...
and Bonne of Luxembourg. Their children were:
- Yolande of Bar, (1365 † 1431); in 1380 married John I of AragonJohn I of AragonJohn I , called by posterity the Hunter or the Lover of Elegance , but the Abandoned in his lifetime, was the King of...
(1350 † 1396). - Henry of BarHenry of BarHenry of Bar was lord of Marle and the Marquis de Pont-à-Mousson. He was the eldest son of Robert I of Bar and Marie of Valois....
(1362-1397)| (1362 † 1397), Marquis de Pont-à-MoussonPont-à-MoussonPont-à-Mousson is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.Population : 14,592 . It is an industrial town , situated on the Moselle River...
, seigneur de MarleMarleMarle may refer to:* Marle , a character from the 1995 video game Chrono Trigger* Marle, Aisne, a commune in France* Marle, a hamlet in the Dutch municipality of Olst-Wijhe* Marle, a hamlet in the Dutch municipality of Hellendoorn...
; in 1384 married Marie de Coucy. - Philippe (1372 †1396); also killed at the Battle of NicopolisBattle of NicopolisThe Battle of Nicopolis took place on 25 September 1396 and resulted in the rout of an allied army of Hungarian, Wallachian, French, Burgundian, German and assorted troops at the hands of an Ottoman force, raising of the siege of the Danubian fortress of Nicopolis and leading to the end of the...
. - Charles (1373 †1392), seigneur de Nogent-le-RotrouNogent-le-RotrouNogent-le-Rotrou is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France.It is a sub-prefecture and is located on the Huisne River, 56 kilometres west of Chartres on the RN23 and 150 kilometres south west of Paris, to which it is linked by both rail and motorway...
. - Marie (1374 † ); in 1384 married William II, Marquis of NamurWilliam II, Marquis of NamurWilliam II, marquis of Namur inherited the marquisate of Namur from his father William I in 1391 and held it until his own death....
, Margrave of Namur (1355 - †1418) (not to be confused with Namor) - Edward III of BarEdward III of BarEdward III of Bar was made marquis of Pont-à-Mousson by his father Robert I of Bar in 1399 and held it until his death...
(† 1415), Duke of Bar; killed at the Battle of AgincourtBattle of AgincourtThe Battle of Agincourt was a major English victory against a numerically superior French army in the Hundred Years' War. The battle occurred on Friday, 25 October 1415 , near modern-day Azincourt, in northern France...
. - Louis I, Duke of Bar (between 1370 and 1375 – 26 June 1430); Bishop of Verdun, cardinal.
- Yolande the younger († 1421); in 1400 married Adolf, Duke of Jülich-BergAdolf, Duke of Jülich-BergAdolf, Duke of Jülich-Berg , was the first Duke of the combined duchies of Jülich and Berg. He was the son of William VII of Jülich, 1st Duke of Berg and Anna of the Palatinate....
(† 1437). - John of Bar, seigneur de Puisaye (1380 † 1415), seigneur de Puisaye; killed at the Battle of AgincourtBattle of AgincourtThe Battle of Agincourt was a major English victory against a numerically superior French army in the Hundred Years' War. The battle occurred on Friday, 25 October 1415 , near modern-day Azincourt, in northern France...
. - Bonne († 1400); in 1393 married Waleran III of Luxembourg, Count of LignyWaleran III of Luxembourg, Count of LignyWaleran III of Luxembourg , Count of Ligny and Saint Pol, was a French nobleman and soldier.He was the son of Guy of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny and Mahaut of Châtillon, Countess of Saint Pol. He succeeded his father in 1371, after his death at the Battle of Baesweiler...
(1357 † 1415), Comte de Ligny-en-Barrois and of Saint-Pol. - Jeanne († 1402); in 1393 married Théodore II Paléologue, Marquis of Montferrat (1361 † 1418).