Sara Parkin
Encyclopedia
Sara Parkin is a former Green Party of England and Wales
activist and politician. She rose to prominence during and after the 1989 European election, in which the Green Party received 15% of the vote. She left the Greens as the result of internal feuds in the wake of constitutional changes she introduced, and went on to found the Forum for the Future
with Jonathon Porritt
. She lives in Hackney, east London.
. In 1979 she stood unsuccessfully as an Ecology candidate against Keith Joseph
. Parkin also contributed to the development of Green Parties worldwide through her writing and administrative positions. After 1989, she emerged as the most articulate and telegenic Green party spokesperson, alongside David Icke
.
She was credited with both being personally close to Green Party policy views, and practical in terms of political tactics.
She was considered a highly dynamic figure within the party during the 1989 elections: “Quite often we'd be exhausted in the office and she'd burst through the door and bring with her new thoughts and ideas,” said Caroline Lucas
at the time.
Walter Schwartz wrote after the 1989 results that “she could be the party’s best all-rounder, the easiest of the Greens to imagine as a cabinet minister. She is a highly organised political animal. Most Greens are not.”.
However, during the 1989 conference, internal disputes began to arise. Parkin was defeated in her attempt to initiate negotiations with other parties to establish a pro-proportional representation
alliance against the Conservative Party
.
She also at this stage supported ideas to slim down the number of official external spokespeople, Principal Speakers, but rejected the idea of a single leader.
Later, she became associated with the group Green 2000
, which advocated wholesale constitutional changes to the Green Party, including creating an executive with a single chair and only two principal speakers. Although successful in getting these changes agreed to and winning almost all the positions on the Executive, she staked everything on the 1992 general election which brought a complete lack of success. The fallout resulted in Parkin and others becoming the target of a 'recall' campaign which, although unsuccessful, was thought to be a factor in Parkin's withdrawal from the re-election competition as Chair of the Green Party. She subsequently left the party and active politics.
with two other past Green party activists, Porritt and Paul Ekins
.
Still working with the Forum today, she designed the pioneering Leadership for Sustainable Development Masters course, which is still taught to 12 students a year in association with Middlesex University. As a Founder Director and Trustee, she focuses on integrating sustainability into post-school education, engineering and other professions.
She currently sits on the boards of the Natural Environment Research Council, the Leadership Foundation for Higher Education and Head Teachers into Industry, and from 2000-2006 was a board member of the Environment Agency for England and Wales. She is a Trustee of the St. Andrews Prize, Advisor to the Population and Sustainability Network and a patron of Population Matters (formerly the Optimum Population Trust).
Parkin has written and edited several works on Green politics. Most notable was her biography of Green activist Petra Kelly
, published to mixed reviews in 1994. Her latest book on sustainable leadership was published in 2010.
Green Party of England and Wales
The Green Party of England and Wales is a political party in England and Wales which follows the traditions of Green politics and maintains a strong commitment to social progressivism. It is the largest Green party in the United Kingdom, containing within it various regional divisions including...
activist and politician. She rose to prominence during and after the 1989 European election, in which the Green Party received 15% of the vote. She left the Greens as the result of internal feuds in the wake of constitutional changes she introduced, and went on to found the Forum for the Future
Forum for the Future
Forum for the Future is a British non-profit organisation with a mission to promote sustainable development. Its vision is of "businesses and communities thriving in a future that’s environmentally sustainable and socially just". It runs partnerships with more than 90 organisations across business...
with Jonathon Porritt
Jonathon Porritt
Jonathon Espie Porritt, CBE, is an English environmentalist and writer. Porritt appears frequently in the media, writing in magazines, newspapers and books, and appearing on radio and television regularly.-Early life and family background:...
. She lives in Hackney, east London.
Early life
Sara Parkin was born in Aberdeen. She was educated in Coventry at Green Lane Primary School and Barr's Hill Grammar School. She then trained as a nurse at The Edinburgh Royal Infirmary (1970-74) where she met her husband Max, worked there as a ward sister, and her children Colin and Douglas were born.. She tutored undergraduates in nursing at the University of Edinburgh (1972-3) and worked elsewhere in the health sector in the 1970s and 80s before turning to politics.Political career
Parkin joined the Ecology Party in the 1970s, partly as the result of the influence of public lectures by Conrad Hal WaddingtonConrad Hal Waddington
Conrad Hal Waddington CBE FRS FRSE was a developmental biologist, paleontologist, geneticist, embryologist and philosopher who laid the foundations for systems biology...
. In 1979 she stood unsuccessfully as an Ecology candidate against Keith Joseph
Keith Joseph
Keith St John Joseph, Baron Joseph, Bt, CH, PC , was a British barrister and politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he served in the Cabinet under three Prime Ministers , and is widely regarded to have been the "power behind the throne" in the creation of what came to be known as...
. Parkin also contributed to the development of Green Parties worldwide through her writing and administrative positions. After 1989, she emerged as the most articulate and telegenic Green party spokesperson, alongside David Icke
David Icke
David Vaughan Icke is an English writer and public speaker, best known for his views on what he calls "who and what is really controlling the world." Describing himself as the most controversial speaker in the world, he has written 18 books explaining his position, and has attracted a substantial...
.
She was credited with both being personally close to Green Party policy views, and practical in terms of political tactics.
She was considered a highly dynamic figure within the party during the 1989 elections: “Quite often we'd be exhausted in the office and she'd burst through the door and bring with her new thoughts and ideas,” said Caroline Lucas
Caroline Lucas
Caroline Patricia Lucas is a British politician. Lucas is the leader of the Green Party of England and Wales, and the Green Party's first and only Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom...
at the time.
Walter Schwartz wrote after the 1989 results that “she could be the party’s best all-rounder, the easiest of the Greens to imagine as a cabinet minister. She is a highly organised political animal. Most Greens are not.”.
However, during the 1989 conference, internal disputes began to arise. Parkin was defeated in her attempt to initiate negotiations with other parties to establish a pro-proportional representation
Proportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
alliance against the Conservative Party
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
.
She also at this stage supported ideas to slim down the number of official external spokespeople, Principal Speakers, but rejected the idea of a single leader.
Later, she became associated with the group Green 2000
Green 2000
Green 2000 was a movement to streamline the constitutional arrangements of the Green Party of England and Wales in the early 1990s, with the stated aim of getting a Green government by the year 2005.-Overview:...
, which advocated wholesale constitutional changes to the Green Party, including creating an executive with a single chair and only two principal speakers. Although successful in getting these changes agreed to and winning almost all the positions on the Executive, she staked everything on the 1992 general election which brought a complete lack of success. The fallout resulted in Parkin and others becoming the target of a 'recall' campaign which, although unsuccessful, was thought to be a factor in Parkin's withdrawal from the re-election competition as Chair of the Green Party. She subsequently left the party and active politics.
Life after politics
In 1996 Parkin moved on to create the Forum for the FutureForum for the Future
Forum for the Future is a British non-profit organisation with a mission to promote sustainable development. Its vision is of "businesses and communities thriving in a future that’s environmentally sustainable and socially just". It runs partnerships with more than 90 organisations across business...
with two other past Green party activists, Porritt and Paul Ekins
Paul Ekins
Paul Ekins is a prominent British academic in the field of sustainable economics. He is a former member of the Green Party.-Political career:...
.
Still working with the Forum today, she designed the pioneering Leadership for Sustainable Development Masters course, which is still taught to 12 students a year in association with Middlesex University. As a Founder Director and Trustee, she focuses on integrating sustainability into post-school education, engineering and other professions.
She currently sits on the boards of the Natural Environment Research Council, the Leadership Foundation for Higher Education and Head Teachers into Industry, and from 2000-2006 was a board member of the Environment Agency for England and Wales. She is a Trustee of the St. Andrews Prize, Advisor to the Population and Sustainability Network and a patron of Population Matters (formerly the Optimum Population Trust).
Parkin has written and edited several works on Green politics. Most notable was her biography of Green activist Petra Kelly
Petra Kelly
Petra Karin Kelly was a German politician and activist. She was instrumental in founding the German Green Party, the first Green party to rise to prominence worldwide.- Early life :...
, published to mixed reviews in 1994. Her latest book on sustainable leadership was published in 2010.
Recognition
- Companion of the Institution of Civil Engineering and the Institute of Energy.
- Awarded an OBE for her contribution to education and sustainability in 2001.
- Honorary Doctor of Science, University of the West of England, November, 2010, in recognition of her achievements and national contribution to education and sustainable issues, notably integration of 'sustainable literacy' into education and professional training.
Major publications
- Parkin, S. 1989. Green Parties: an international guide. London: Heretic Books
- Parkin, S. (ed.) 1991. Green Light on Europe. London: Heretic Books.
- Parkin, S. 1991. Green Futures: agenda for the 21st century. Zondervan. ISBN-10: 0006276067
- Parkin, S. 1994. The Life and Death of Petra Kelly. Pandora.
- Parkin, S. 2010. The Positive Deviant: Sustainability Leadership in a Perverse World. London: Earthscan.