Secretoglobin, family 1A, member 1 (uteroglobin)
Encyclopedia
Uteroglobin also known as secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1) is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the SCGB1A1 gene
.
SCGB1A1 is the founding member of the secretoglobin
family of small, secreted, disulfide-bridged dimeric proteins found only in mammals. This antiparallel disulfide linked homodimeric protein is multifunctional and found in various tissues in various names such as: Uteroglobin (UG, UGB), Uteroglobin-like Antigen (UGL), Blastokinin, Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP), Clara cell 16 kD protein (17 in rat/mice), Clara Cell-Specific 10 kD Protein (CC10), human protein 1, urine protein 1 (UP-1), polychlorinated biphenyl-binding protein (PCB-BP), human Clara Cell Phospholipid-Binding Protein (hCCPBP), Secretoglobin 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1).
This protein is specifically expressed in Clara cells in the lungs. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167478196001807)
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the SCGB1A1 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
SCGB1A1 is the founding member of the secretoglobin
Secretoglobin
A family of small disulfide linked dimeric proteins found only in mammals.Family members:...
family of small, secreted, disulfide-bridged dimeric proteins found only in mammals. This antiparallel disulfide linked homodimeric protein is multifunctional and found in various tissues in various names such as: Uteroglobin (UG, UGB), Uteroglobin-like Antigen (UGL), Blastokinin, Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP), Clara cell 16 kD protein (17 in rat/mice), Clara Cell-Specific 10 kD Protein (CC10), human protein 1, urine protein 1 (UP-1), polychlorinated biphenyl-binding protein (PCB-BP), human Clara Cell Phospholipid-Binding Protein (hCCPBP), Secretoglobin 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1).
This protein is specifically expressed in Clara cells in the lungs. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167478196001807)
Function
Real physiological role is not known. Putative functions are:- Immunomodulation:
- ProgesteroneProgesteroneProgesterone also known as P4 is a C-21 steroid hormone involved in the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy and embryogenesis of humans and other species...
binding: weak in some animals, especially weak in humans. (Note: UGB is itself progesterone induced gene in the endometriumEndometrium-Function:The endometrium is the innermost glandular layer and functions as a lining for the uterus, preventing adhesions between the opposed walls of the myometrium, thereby maintaining the patency of the uterine cavity. During the menstrual cycle or estrous cycle, the endometrium grows to a...
in Lagomorphs.) - Inhibits phospholipase A2Phospholipase A2Phospholipases A2 are enzymes that release fatty acids from the second carbon group of glycerol. This particular phospholipase specifically recognizes the sn-2 acyl bond of phospholipids and catalytically hydrolyzes the bond releasing arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids...
in vitro - binds phosphatidylcholinePhosphatidylcholinePhosphatidylcholines are a class of phospholipids that incorporate choline as a headgroup.They are a major component of biological membranes and can be easily obtained from a variety of readily available sources such as egg yolk or soy beans from which they are mechanically extracted or chemically...
, phosphatidylinositolPhosphatidylinositolPhosphatidylinositol is a negatively charged phospholipid and a minor component in the cytosolic side of eukaryotic cell membranes....
, - Binds to fibronectinFibronectinFibronectin is a high-molecular weight glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix that binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins. In addition to integrins, fibronectin also binds extracellular matrix components such as collagen, fibrin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans...
: The uteroglobulin knockout mice on the inbred C57Bl6 strain develop Goodpasture's syndromeGoodpasture's syndromeGoodpasture’s syndrome is a rare disease characterized by glomerulonephritis and hemorrhaging of the lungs...
like glomerulopathy due to fibronectin binding of IgA which might potentially be prevented by uteroglobin replacement. However contrary to the animal model claims, human genetic data might suggest that the effect may be indirect - Uteroglobin knockout mice on the inbred 129 strain appear to have healthy phenotype (no glomerulopathy development), but show physiological differences in their responses to respiratory challenges. The phenotype exhibited by these mice are; decreased bioaccumulation of biphenyls, susceptibility and increased IL-13, and IL-6 following hyperoxic challenge, and changes in the Clara cell morphology
- Target of Polychlorinated biphenylPolychlorinated biphenylPolychlorinated biphenyls are a class of organic compounds with 2 to 10 chlorine atoms attached to biphenyl, which is a molecule composed of two benzene rings. The chemical formula for PCBs is C12H10-xClx...
(pcb) binding