UPLB College of Forestry and Natural Resources
Encyclopedia
The University of the Philippines Los Baños College of Forestry and Natural Resources (also referred to as CFNR) is one of the 11 degree-granting units of the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB). It started as the Forest School under the UP College of Agriculture in 1910, making it the oldest forestry school in the Philippines
. It is one of the five founding units of UPLB upon its establishment in 1972.
The college has been identified as a "Center of Excellence" in forestry
by the Philippine Commission on Higher Education
since January 2000. CFNR offers one undergraduate degree
program (Bachelor of Science
in Forestry) along with four other graduate degree programs and one two-year certificate program. Two of its professors, including its current dean
, are members of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change, the 2007 recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
.
Arthur F. Fischer, the School of Forestry's first dean, retired as director of the Bureau of Forestry in February 1936. He was replaced by Florencio Tamesis who became the School of Forestry's second dean, as well as its first Filipino
dean.
The Second World War devastated the campus. All the School of Forestry buildings, including student and faculty houses, were destroyed. Large parts of the Makiling Forest Reserve
, which is administered by the school were likewise damaged. Only four faculty and five students returned upon the resumption of classes. Classes were held under trees until its buildings could be reconstructed through the help of war reparation funds worth ₱
59,300 (US$1,380).
The School of Foresty became the College of Forestry on June 14, 1949, by effect of RA 352, with the College of Forestry finally separated from the Bureau of Forestry in 1957, effectively putting it under direct administration of the University of the Philippines
.
In 1954 the College of Forestry signed an agreement with Cornell University
for providing academic and financial assistance. The College of Forestry received visiting professors from Cornell and grants that were used for construction and forestry research, while faculty and students were awarded scholarships for pursuing master's degree
s at US
universities.
Domingo M. Lantican became the dean of the College of Forestry in May 1966. Lantican implemented a 5-year campus development program which included construction of new buildings and designating areas for dormitories
and staff housing.
The College of Forestry was reorganized to become the College of Forestry and Natural Resources on June 25, 1998. Since 2004 the event has been celebrated in concurrence with the Philippine Arbor Day
, a nationwide event marked by extensive tree planting.
), and the 4,347-hectare Makiling Forest Reserve (MFR), which serves as an outdoor laboratory for forestry students and is believed to contain more tree species than the continental United States.
Aside from being the location of the college, the MFR is also the site of the College of Public Affairs, National Arts Center
, Philippine High School for the Arts, the venue of the National Jamboree
of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines
(BSP), the Center for Philippine Raptors and the Bureau of Plant Industry
-Makiling Botanic Gardens, one of the oldest parts of the campus. The gardens occupy the site where the tents were used as classrooms during the first four months of the university.
The MFR serves as an outdoor laboratory to students, primarily of the College of Forestry and Natural Resources. ₱5 million (US$156,000) was designated for its conservation and development in 2011. The MFR was created in 1910 under the Bureau of Forestry. Jurisdiction over the MFR was transferred to the UP in 1960. NAPOCOR
acquired complete jurisdiction of the MFR, however, in 1987 as part of the Philippines
' energy development
program under President
Corazon Aquino
. The MFR was returned to UPLB three years later by effect of RA 6967. In 2008 representative
Del De Guzman of the 2nd district of Makati filed HB 1143 which, if passed into law, would have transferred jurisdiction of the MFR to the Boy Scouts of the Philippines. The bill
was strongly opposed by the UPLB, citing possible mismanagement and deforestation of the site if placed under the BSP among others.
The College of Forestry and Natural Resources is managed by a dean
, currently Rex Victor O. Cruz, who is appointed by the UP Board of Regents
, and assisted by an associate dean. Prior to the college's separation from the Bureau of Forestry in 1957, the deans of the College of Forestry and its predecessors were not appointed by the board but were the directors of the Bureau of Forestry acting as ex officio heads of the college. Due to the distance of the Bureau of Forestry in Manila from the Forest School in Los Baños
(about 64 kilometers), directors of the bureau appointed foresters-in-charge to manage the school, a practice which continued until 1957.
The College of Forestry and Natural Resources is a founding member of the Asia Pacific of Forestry Research Institutions, and the CFNR Institute of Agroforestry is a member of the Philippine Agroforestry Education and Research Network.
program (Bachelor of Science
in Forestry
), four graduate degree programs and one certificate program. It started offering master's
and doctor's degrees in 1966 and 1973, respectively. The college produces about 100 graduates every year and has been identified as a "Center of Excellence" in forestry
by the Philippine Commission on Higher Education
since January 2000.
Admission to the BS Forestry program is done through the University of the Philippines College Admission Test
, while a Certificate in Forestry applicants are screened by a test administered by CFNR. Admission to graduate programs are managed by the Graduate School. Of its 394 students in 2008, 61 and 295 were enrolled in its Certificate in Forestry and BS Forestry programs, respectively, while the rest are in its graduate degree programs. As of 2009 it had 393 students enrolled in all of its programs. 38 of its faculty hold PhDs.
While all of its 20 students when the Forest School opened were male, more than 60% of the students of the college were female as of 2003. Women first enrolled in the college in 1951. Other forestry schools in the Philippines
have also experienced a similar increase in female enrollment.
The graduates of the college has maintained substantially good performance in the forestry license exams conducted by the Professional Regulation Commission
. For instance, the mean passing rates of its graduates in the exams for the years 2008–2010 is 92.49%. This is almost double of the mean national passing rate for the same period. Furthermore six of its graduates belonged to the top ten best performing students in the 2010 exam, while four belonged to the top ten in both 2008 and 2009 exams. (see table)
s which mostly focus on forestry and related disciplines. The library has a floor area of 974.64 sq. m, and is open 40 hours a week.
The Museum of Natural History of the University of the Philippines Los Baños, established in 1976, is located in the campus. It holds over 200,000 biological specimens; including half of the samplings from the Philippine Water Bug Inventory Project. More than half of the museum's specimens are in its entomological
collection. While most of the museum's collections are in its main building, some are housed in other UPLB units.
and has launched programs promoting its conservation.
The Forest Products Research and Development Institute, founded as the Forest Products Laboratory under the Bureau of Forestry in 1954, is hosted in the campus. Managed by the Department of Science and Technology
of the government of the Philippines, it is engaged in paper science and bioenergy
research, among others. It has also generated technologies such as those for biomass energy generation and construction
. Its facilities, believed to be the "largest and best equipped in the eastern hemisphere" by the time of its construction, were patterned after the University of Wisconsin's Forest Products Laboratory
. It was built using US
grants worth US$239,552 and funding from the Philippine government worth ₱518,000 (US$12,000). It had a total budget of almost ₱87 million (US$2.01 million) in 2011, with about ₱51 million (US$1.18 million) of this appropriated for research.
and land management
, logging
, and related disciplines. It has a satellite office in Baguio which offers similar programs. Its programs are designed for professionals in working in the agroforestry
-related disciplines and the wood industry.
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
. It is one of the five founding units of UPLB upon its establishment in 1972.
The college has been identified as a "Center of Excellence" in forestry
Forestry
Forestry is the interdisciplinary profession embracing the science, art, and craft of creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands...
by the Philippine Commission on Higher Education
Commission on Higher Education (Philippines)
The Commission on Higher Education of the Philippines, , abbreviated as CHED. The CHED is attached to the Office of the President for administrative purposes...
since January 2000. CFNR offers one undergraduate degree
Undergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree is a colloquial term for an academic degree taken by a person who has completed undergraduate courses. It is usually offered at an institution of higher education, such as a university...
program (Bachelor of Science
Bachelor of Science
A Bachelor of Science is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for completed courses that generally last three to five years .-Australia:In Australia, the BSc is a 3 year degree, offered from 1st year on...
in Forestry) along with four other graduate degree programs and one two-year certificate program. Two of its professors, including its current dean
Dean (education)
In academic administration, a dean is a person with significant authority over a specific academic unit, or over a specific area of concern, or both...
, are members of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change, the 2007 recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.-Background:According to Nobel's will, the Peace Prize shall be awarded to the person who...
.
History
CFNR traces its roots to the Forest School founded in April 19, 1910, through an Act 1989. It was originally established as a department of the College of Agriculture. All of its early faculty were from the Bureau of Forestry. The Forest School became independent of the College of Agriculture on February 1916 through Act 2578. Since then directors of the bureau had acted as ex officio deans of the school. The Forest School changed its name to School of Forestry in 1924 by effect of Act 3095.<Arthur F. Fischer, the School of Forestry's first dean, retired as director of the Bureau of Forestry in February 1936. He was replaced by Florencio Tamesis who became the School of Forestry's second dean, as well as its first Filipino
Filipino people
The Filipino people or Filipinos are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the islands of the Philippines. There are about 92 million Filipinos in the Philippines, and about 11 million living outside the Philippines ....
dean.
The Second World War devastated the campus. All the School of Forestry buildings, including student and faculty houses, were destroyed. Large parts of the Makiling Forest Reserve
Mount Makiling
Mount Makiling, also rarely Mount Maquiling, is a potentially active volcano in Laguna province on the island of Luzon, Philippines. It rises to 1,090 m above mean sea level.-Legend:...
, which is administered by the school were likewise damaged. Only four faculty and five students returned upon the resumption of classes. Classes were held under trees until its buildings could be reconstructed through the help of war reparation funds worth ₱
Philippine peso
The peso is the currency of the Philippines. It is subdivided into 100 centavos . Before 1967, the language used on the banknotes and coins was English and so "peso" was the name used...
59,300 (US$1,380).
The School of Foresty became the College of Forestry on June 14, 1949, by effect of RA 352, with the College of Forestry finally separated from the Bureau of Forestry in 1957, effectively putting it under direct administration of the University of the Philippines
University of the Philippines
The ' is the national university of the Philippines. Founded in 1908 through Act No...
.
In 1954 the College of Forestry signed an agreement with Cornell University
Cornell University
Cornell University is an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions...
for providing academic and financial assistance. The College of Forestry received visiting professors from Cornell and grants that were used for construction and forestry research, while faculty and students were awarded scholarships for pursuing master's degree
Master's degree
A master's is an academic degree granted to individuals who have undergone study demonstrating a mastery or high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice...
s at US
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
universities.
Domingo M. Lantican became the dean of the College of Forestry in May 1966. Lantican implemented a 5-year campus development program which included construction of new buildings and designating areas for dormitories
Dormitory
A dormitory, often shortened to dorm, in the United States is a residence hall consisting of sleeping quarters or entire buildings primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for large numbers of people, often boarding school, college or university students...
and staff housing.
The College of Forestry was reorganized to become the College of Forestry and Natural Resources on June 25, 1998. Since 2004 the event has been celebrated in concurrence with the Philippine Arbor Day
Arbor Day
Arbor Day is a holiday in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant and care for trees. It originated in Nebraska City, Nebraska, United States during 1872 by J. Sterling Morton. The first Arbor Day was held on April 10, 1872, and an estimated 1 million trees were planted that day.Many...
, a nationwide event marked by extensive tree planting.
Campus
The campus of the College of Forestry and Natural Resources, referred to as the "upper campus", is situated on the northeastern slope of Mount Makiling. The campus contains academic buildings, dormitories, hosted institutions (such as the ASEAN Center for BiodiversityASEAN Center for Biodiversity
The ASEAN CENTRE FOR Biodiversity is an intergovernmental regional centre of excellence that facilitates cooperation and coordination among the members of ASEAN, and with relevant national governments, regional and international organizations on the Conservation and Sustainable use of biological...
), and the 4,347-hectare Makiling Forest Reserve (MFR), which serves as an outdoor laboratory for forestry students and is believed to contain more tree species than the continental United States.
Aside from being the location of the college, the MFR is also the site of the College of Public Affairs, National Arts Center
National Arts Center
The National Arts Center is a sanctuary for young and aspiring Filipino artists that is located in Mount Makiling, Los Baños, Laguna, the Philippines.The Center was established in 1976 by First Lady Imelda Marcos as a haven for young and aspiring artists...
, Philippine High School for the Arts, the venue of the National Jamboree
Jamboree (Scouting)
In Scouting, a jamboree is a large gathering of Scouts who rally at a national or international level.The 1st World Scout Jamboree was held in 1920, and was hosted by the United Kingdom...
of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines
Boy Scouts of the Philippines
The Boy Scouts of the Philippines is the national Scout organization of the Philippines. Its mission is to imbue in the youth the love of God, country, and fellow men; to train young people to become responsible leaders; and to contribute in nation-building.The BSP was chartered under...
(BSP), the Center for Philippine Raptors and the Bureau of Plant Industry
Bureau of Plant Industry (Philippines)
The Philippines' Bureau of Plant Industry , abbreviated as BPI, is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Agriculture responsible for serving and supporting the Philippine plant industry sector.-History:On January 1, 1930 by virtue of Act 3639 of the Philippine Legislature,...
-Makiling Botanic Gardens, one of the oldest parts of the campus. The gardens occupy the site where the tents were used as classrooms during the first four months of the university.
The MFR serves as an outdoor laboratory to students, primarily of the College of Forestry and Natural Resources. ₱5 million (US$156,000) was designated for its conservation and development in 2011. The MFR was created in 1910 under the Bureau of Forestry. Jurisdiction over the MFR was transferred to the UP in 1960. NAPOCOR
National Power Corporation
The National Power Corporation , also known as the NPC or Napocor, is a state-owned company that serves as the largest provider and generator of electricity in the Philippines...
acquired complete jurisdiction of the MFR, however, in 1987 as part of the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
' energy development
Energy development
Energy development is the effort to provide sufficient primary energy sources and secondary energy forms for supply, cost, impact on air pollution and water pollution, mitigation of climate change with renewable energy....
program under President
President of the Philippines
The President of the Philippines is the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines...
Corazon Aquino
Corazon Aquino
Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino was the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office in Philippine history. She is best remembered for leading the 1986 People Power Revolution, which toppled Ferdinand Marcos and restored democracy in the Philippines...
. The MFR was returned to UPLB three years later by effect of RA 6967. In 2008 representative
House of Representatives of the Philippines
The House of Representatives of the Philippines is the lower chamber of the...
Del De Guzman of the 2nd district of Makati filed HB 1143 which, if passed into law, would have transferred jurisdiction of the MFR to the Boy Scouts of the Philippines. The bill
Bill (proposed law)
A bill is a proposed law under consideration by a legislature. A bill does not become law until it is passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the executive. Once a bill has been enacted into law, it is called an act or a statute....
was strongly opposed by the UPLB, citing possible mismanagement and deforestation of the site if placed under the BSP among others.
Organization and administration
| University of the Philippines Los Baños College of Forestry and Natural Resources Deans |
|
|---|---|
| Name | Tenure in office |
| Arthur F. Fischer | 1917–1936 |
| Florencio Tamesis | 1937–1953 |
| Felipe Amos | 1954 |
| Calixto Mabesa | 1955–1958 |
| Gregorio Zamuco | 1959–1966 |
| Domingo Lantican | 1966–1972 |
| Romulo Del Castillo | 1972–1978 |
| Celso B. Lantican | 1978–1987 |
| Juan Adolfo Revilla | 1987–1989 |
| Virgilio Fernandez | 1989–1995 |
| Lucrecio Rebugio | 1995–2001 |
| Ramon Razal | 2002–2008 |
| Rex Victor O. Cruz | 2008–present |
| |
|
| References | |
The College of Forestry and Natural Resources is managed by a dean
Dean (education)
In academic administration, a dean is a person with significant authority over a specific academic unit, or over a specific area of concern, or both...
, currently Rex Victor O. Cruz, who is appointed by the UP Board of Regents
Board of Regents
In the United States, a board often governs public institutions of higher education, which include both state universities and community colleges. In each US state, such boards may govern either the state university system, individual colleges and universities, or both. In general they operate as...
, and assisted by an associate dean. Prior to the college's separation from the Bureau of Forestry in 1957, the deans of the College of Forestry and its predecessors were not appointed by the board but were the directors of the Bureau of Forestry acting as ex officio heads of the college. Due to the distance of the Bureau of Forestry in Manila from the Forest School in Los Baños
Los Baños, Laguna
The Nature and Science City of Los Baños is a 1st class urban city in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the latest census, it has a population of 98,631 inhabitants in 17,030 households...
(about 64 kilometers), directors of the bureau appointed foresters-in-charge to manage the school, a practice which continued until 1957.
The College of Forestry and Natural Resources is a founding member of the Asia Pacific of Forestry Research Institutions, and the CFNR Institute of Agroforestry is a member of the Philippine Agroforestry Education and Research Network.
Academics
CFNR offers one undergraduate degreeUndergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree is a colloquial term for an academic degree taken by a person who has completed undergraduate courses. It is usually offered at an institution of higher education, such as a university...
program (Bachelor of Science
Bachelor of Science
A Bachelor of Science is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for completed courses that generally last three to five years .-Australia:In Australia, the BSc is a 3 year degree, offered from 1st year on...
in Forestry
Forestry
Forestry is the interdisciplinary profession embracing the science, art, and craft of creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands...
), four graduate degree programs and one certificate program. It started offering master's
Master's degree
A master's is an academic degree granted to individuals who have undergone study demonstrating a mastery or high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice...
and doctor's degrees in 1966 and 1973, respectively. The college produces about 100 graduates every year and has been identified as a "Center of Excellence" in forestry
Forestry
Forestry is the interdisciplinary profession embracing the science, art, and craft of creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit. Forestry is practiced in plantations and natural stands...
by the Philippine Commission on Higher Education
Commission on Higher Education (Philippines)
The Commission on Higher Education of the Philippines, , abbreviated as CHED. The CHED is attached to the Office of the President for administrative purposes...
since January 2000.
Admission to the BS Forestry program is done through the University of the Philippines College Admission Test
University of the Philippines College Admission Test
The University of the Philippines College Admission Test, commonly known as UPCAT, is part of the admission requirements of the University of the Philippines, administered to graduates of Philippine and foreign high schools...
, while a Certificate in Forestry applicants are screened by a test administered by CFNR. Admission to graduate programs are managed by the Graduate School. Of its 394 students in 2008, 61 and 295 were enrolled in its Certificate in Forestry and BS Forestry programs, respectively, while the rest are in its graduate degree programs. As of 2009 it had 393 students enrolled in all of its programs. 38 of its faculty hold PhDs.
While all of its 20 students when the Forest School opened were male, more than 60% of the students of the college were female as of 2003. Women first enrolled in the college in 1951. Other forestry schools in the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
have also experienced a similar increase in female enrollment.
| Year | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 42.10% | 95.00% | 6 | 48 |
| 2009 | 36.55% | 84.00% | 4 | 47 |
| 2008 | 51.19% | 97.00% | 4 | 43 |
| Mean | 43.26% | 92.49% | – | 46 |
The graduates of the college has maintained substantially good performance in the forestry license exams conducted by the Professional Regulation Commission
Professional Regulation Commission
The Professional Regulation Commission , otherwise known as the PRC, is a three-man commission attached to the office of the President of the Republic of the Philippines. Its mandate is to regulate and supervise the practice of the professionals who constitute the highly skilled manpower of the...
. For instance, the mean passing rates of its graduates in the exams for the years 2008–2010 is 92.49%. This is almost double of the mean national passing rate for the same period. Furthermore six of its graduates belonged to the top ten best performing students in the 2010 exam, while four belonged to the top ten in both 2008 and 2009 exams. (see table)
Libraries and collections
The CFNR Library holds about 30,000 publicationPublication
To publish is to make content available to the public. While specific use of the term may vary among countries, it is usually applied to text, images, or other audio-visual content on any medium, including paper or electronic publishing forms such as websites, e-books, Compact Discs and MP3s...
s which mostly focus on forestry and related disciplines. The library has a floor area of 974.64 sq. m, and is open 40 hours a week.
The Museum of Natural History of the University of the Philippines Los Baños, established in 1976, is located in the campus. It holds over 200,000 biological specimens; including half of the samplings from the Philippine Water Bug Inventory Project. More than half of the museum's specimens are in its entomological
Entomology
Entomology is the scientific study of insects, a branch of arthropodology...
collection. While most of the museum's collections are in its main building, some are housed in other UPLB units.
Research
In 2002 the college had 94 researchers working in its eight research units. This includes the Makiling Center for Mountain Ecosystems, believed to be the first institution in the Philippines devoted to the study of mountain ecology. It also manages the Makiling Forest ReserveMount Makiling
Mount Makiling, also rarely Mount Maquiling, is a potentially active volcano in Laguna province on the island of Luzon, Philippines. It rises to 1,090 m above mean sea level.-Legend:...
and has launched programs promoting its conservation.
The Forest Products Research and Development Institute, founded as the Forest Products Laboratory under the Bureau of Forestry in 1954, is hosted in the campus. Managed by the Department of Science and Technology
Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)
The Philippines' Department of Science and Technology , abbreviated as the DOST, is the executive department of the Philippine Government responsible for the coordination of science and technology-related projects in the Philippines and to formulate policies and projects in the fields of science...
of the government of the Philippines, it is engaged in paper science and bioenergy
Bioenergy
Bioenergy is renewable energy made available from materials derived from biological sources. Biomass is any organic material which has stored sunlight in the form of chemical energy. As a fuel it may include wood, wood waste, straw, manure, sugarcane, and many other byproducts from a variety of...
research, among others. It has also generated technologies such as those for biomass energy generation and construction
Construction
In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking...
. Its facilities, believed to be the "largest and best equipped in the eastern hemisphere" by the time of its construction, were patterned after the University of Wisconsin's Forest Products Laboratory
Forest Products Laboratory
The Forest Products Laboratory is the national research laboratory of the United States Forest Service, which is part of USDA. Since its opening in 1910, the FPL has provided scientific research on wood, wood products and their commercial uses in partnership with academia, industry, tribal, state,...
. It was built using US
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
grants worth US$239,552 and funding from the Philippine government worth ₱518,000 (US$12,000). It had a total budget of almost ₱87 million (US$2.01 million) in 2011, with about ₱51 million (US$1.18 million) of this appropriated for research.
Extension
The Training Center for Tropical Resources and Ecosystems Sustainability, established in June 1998 by the UP Board of Regents, offers more than 300 training programs in forestForest management
200px|thumb|right|[[Sustainable development|Sustainable]] forest management carried out by [[Complejo Forestal y Maderero Panguipulli|Complejo Panguipulli]] has contributed to the preservation of the forested landscape around [[Neltume]], a sawmill town in Chile...
and land management
Land management
Land management is the process of managing the use and development of land resources. Land resources are used for a variety of purposes which may include organic agriculture, reforestation, water resource management and eco-tourism projects.-See also:*Sustainable land management*Acreage...
, logging
Logging
Logging is the cutting, skidding, on-site processing, and loading of trees or logs onto trucks.In forestry, the term logging is sometimes used in a narrow sense concerning the logistics of moving wood from the stump to somewhere outside the forest, usually a sawmill or a lumber yard...
, and related disciplines. It has a satellite office in Baguio which offers similar programs. Its programs are designed for professionals in working in the agroforestry
Agroforestry
Agroforestry is an integrated approach of using the interactive benefits from combining trees and shrubs with crops and/or livestock.It combines agricultural and forestry technologies to create more diverse, productive, profitable, healthy and sustainable land-use systems.-Definitions:According to...
-related disciplines and the wood industry.