Ó Maoilmhichil
Encyclopedia
Ó Maoilmhichil is an uncommon surname of Irish
origin devolving into the common Irish surnames Mitchell
and Mulvihill
.
The surname Mitchell
is derived from the Sept
or Clan
name Uí Mhaoilmhichil which means Patrons or Devotees of Saint Michael the Archangel
. Michael
! was the war-cry
in heaven in the battles against the Devil
and his followers.
Following the ascendancy of Niall Noigíallach
as High King
, and the arrival of Saint Patrick
in the late 4th century AD, Ulster
was in transition from Druidism to Christianity
. It is not surprising in pagan
Celt
ic society with many war deities, as tradition suggests, that the name Maoilmhichil would be adopted early in the development of Christian Ireland.
Brion was the half-brother of High King
Niall
. Brions dynasty was carried on through his two great-grandsons, Ona the ArchDruid and his eponym
ous brother Maoilmhichil, the first legendary use of the Sept
name.
As the English language began to replace Irish
and Scottish Gaelic, the Sept
name was anglicized
as Mitchell
, Michael
, Mulvihill
, Mulville, or Melville
, and other variations. Members of the Sept
also anglicized
their names to protect their property and in some cases to indicate a change in religion.
The family motto "Pro aris et focis
" originates from the Irish family name "Mulvihill".
can be traced back to Hugh O'Maoilmhichil (Owen Mitchell), born about 1670 in Ulster
during a period when there was great unrest among the O'Donnell
s and the O'Neil
s and the Government
.
A crisis point occurred during the Elizabethan conquest of Ireland when the English authorities tried to extend their authority over Ulster
and Hugh O'Neill, the most powerful Irish lord in the country. O’Neill resisted with force and launched the Tyrone Rebellion
, a nationwide war rather than a rebellion, with the intent of replacing English authority altogether. O’Neill enlisted the help of many Irish lords, but his most significant support came from King Philip III of Spain
, culminating in the Battle of Kinsale
in 1601. The war ended in 1603 in favor of the English, and thereafter crown authority was gradually established throughout Ireland.
Although they had their lands restored, Hugh O'Neill and Ruaidhri (Rory) O'Donnell
were surrounded by enemies with old scores to settle. They were plotted against and spied upon, and in 1607, they were advised that it was the intention of the Government
to have them arrested. They had the choice of leaving Ireland
or spending the rest of their lives in prison.
O’Neill and O’Donnell, and their families left Ireland on that historic day – 14 September 1607 - in the Flight of the Earls
. Their lands in Ulster were confiscated and colonized in the Plantation
of Ulster.
A ship sailed out from Lough Swilly
, carrying a hundred people, including O'Neill and O'Donnell and their families. They were received with high honor on the Continent, but that was the end of Gaelic rule in Ireland. However, heartbreaking though exile was for these great Celtic Lords, the people left behind in Ulster and the remainder of Ireland were the real victims - left in dire straits and at the mercy of the English
and Oliver Cromwell
.
Under James I of England
Catholics were barred from all public office after the gunpowder plot
was discovered in 1605. The Gaelic Irish and Old English
increasingly defined themselves as Catholic
in opposition to the Protestant New English settlers. However, notwithstanding the Plantation of Ulster
the native Irish (both Gaelic and Old English) remained the majority landowners in the country until after the Irish Rebellion of 1641
. By the end of the resulting Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
in the 1650s, the New English
Protestants dominated the country, and after the Glorious Revolution
of 1688 their descendants went on to form the Protestant Ascendancy
.
The confiscatory transition from Gaelic rule to the Protestant Ascendancy
during the 17th century in Ireland placed the Irish and Old English
at such disadvantage that political turmoil, famine, waves of emigration
ensued for more than 200 years until that fateful Easter Monday, 1916
.
Since the British Crown seized about 20% of the territory of Ulster - vast tracts of church land (technically confiscated after the Reformation
, but relatively untouched till the reign of James I
) placed an unprecedented amount of territory at the disposal of the crown - virtually the whole of modern Armagh
, Cavan
, Tyrone
, Fermanagh
, Londonderry
and Donegal
.
The 18th century were times of tumultuous change in Ireland. Along with Roman Catholics, the Scots-Irish
were legally disadvantaged by the Penal Laws
, which gave full rights only to Anglicans, who were mainly the descendants of English invaders and settlers. Land was seized, and people were displaced from their lands. There were pressures to renounce Catholicism
and Presbyterianism
. There were pressures to eliminate the Gaelic language and it was illegal to play the harp
and uilleann pipes
. And the first of the large scale emigrations to America and Canada began, particularly among the Scots-Irish of Ulster. 13 of the earlier Presidents of the USA were children of parents born in Ulster
Hugh (Owen Mitchell) O'Maoilmhichil, like his ancestors, had managed cattle herds for the O'Donnells and served as leaders in the local O'Donnell militia
. Owen was also related to the O'Donnells through marriage. Owen’s ancestors had acquired land for their services but the land was confiscated
. Owen came from a large family (details unknown) and had at least six sons and several daughters who left Ulster
for Connaught
. Their slogan was: "Onward to Connaught or Hell" because the land in the Connaught was rocky and not good.
Irish language
Irish , also known as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is now spoken as a first language by a minority of Irish people, as well as being a second language of a larger proportion of...
origin devolving into the common Irish surnames Mitchell
Mitchell (surname)
Mitchell is an English surname, the surname is generally derived from the Middle English and Old French personal name Michel which is the vernacular form of the personal name Michael. In some cases the surname is derived from a nickname for a big man which is derived from the Middle English michel,...
and Mulvihill
Mulvihill
- People :*Daráine Mulvihill/Ní Mhaolmhichil, Irish Person of the Year 2001.*John Mulvihill, Irish Labour Party politician.*Liam Mulvihill, 17th Director General of the Gaelic Athletic Association.*Margaret Mulvihill, Irish writer ....
.
The surname Mitchell
Mitchell (surname)
Mitchell is an English surname, the surname is generally derived from the Middle English and Old French personal name Michel which is the vernacular form of the personal name Michael. In some cases the surname is derived from a nickname for a big man which is derived from the Middle English michel,...
is derived from the Sept
Sept
A sept is an English word for a division of a family, especially a division of a clan. The word might have its origin from Latin saeptum "enclosure, fold", or it can be an alteration of sect.The term is found in both Ireland and Scotland...
or Clan
Clan
A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, clan members may be organized around a founding member or apical ancestor. The kinship-based bonds may be symbolical, whereby the clan shares a "stipulated" common ancestor that is a...
name Uí Mhaoilmhichil which means Patrons or Devotees of Saint Michael the Archangel
Michael (archangel)
Michael , Micha'el or Mîkhā'ēl; , Mikhaḗl; or Míchaël; , Mīkhā'īl) is an archangel in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic teachings. Roman Catholics, Anglicans, and Lutherans refer to him as Saint Michael the Archangel and also simply as Saint Michael...
. Michael
Michael
Michael is a given name that comes from the , derived from the Hebrew question מי כמו אלוהים? meaning "Who is like God?" In English, it is sometimes shortened to Mike, Mikey, or, especially in Ireland, Mick...
! was the war-cry
Battle cry
A battle cry is a yell or chant taken up in battle, usually by members of the same military unit.Battle cries are not necessarily articulate, although they often aim to invoke patriotic or religious sentiment....
in heaven in the battles against the Devil
Satan
Satan , "the opposer", is the title of various entities, both human and divine, who challenge the faith of humans in the Hebrew Bible...
and his followers.
Following the ascendancy of Niall Noigíallach
Niall of the Nine Hostages
Niall Noígíallach , or in English, Niall of the Nine Hostages, son of Eochaid Mugmedón, was an Irish king, the eponymous ancestor of the Uí Néill kindred who dominated Ireland from the 6th century to the 10th century...
as High King
High king
A high king is a king who holds a position of seniority over a group of other kings, without the title of Emperor; compare King of Kings.Rulers who have been termed "high king" include:...
, and the arrival of Saint Patrick
Saint Patrick
Saint Patrick was a Romano-Briton and Christian missionary, who is the most generally recognized patron saint of Ireland or the Apostle of Ireland, although Brigid of Kildare and Colmcille are also formally patron saints....
in the late 4th century AD, Ulster
Ulster
Ulster is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial...
was in transition from Druidism to Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
. It is not surprising in pagan
Celtic polytheism
Celtic polytheism, commonly known as Celtic paganism, refers to the religious beliefs and practices adhered to by the Iron Age peoples of Western Europe now known as the Celts, roughly between 500 BCE and 500 CE, spanning the La Tène period and the Roman era, and in the case of the Insular Celts...
Celt
Celt
The Celts were a diverse group of tribal societies in Iron Age and Roman-era Europe who spoke Celtic languages.The earliest archaeological culture commonly accepted as Celtic, or rather Proto-Celtic, was the central European Hallstatt culture , named for the rich grave finds in Hallstatt, Austria....
ic society with many war deities, as tradition suggests, that the name Maoilmhichil would be adopted early in the development of Christian Ireland.
Brion was the half-brother of High King
High king
A high king is a king who holds a position of seniority over a group of other kings, without the title of Emperor; compare King of Kings.Rulers who have been termed "high king" include:...
Niall
Niall
Niall is a male given name of Gaelic origin, thought to mean "champion". It could also mean 'cloud' or 'passionate'.Niall may also refer to:*Niall of the Nine Hostages, High King of Ireland who lived in the early-to-mid 5th century AD...
. Brions dynasty was carried on through his two great-grandsons, Ona the ArchDruid and his eponym
Eponym
An eponym is the name of a person or thing, whether real or fictitious, after which a particular place, tribe, era, discovery, or other item is named or thought to be named...
ous brother Maoilmhichil, the first legendary use of the Sept
Sept
A sept is an English word for a division of a family, especially a division of a clan. The word might have its origin from Latin saeptum "enclosure, fold", or it can be an alteration of sect.The term is found in both Ireland and Scotland...
name.
As the English language began to replace Irish
Irish language
Irish , also known as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is now spoken as a first language by a minority of Irish people, as well as being a second language of a larger proportion of...
and Scottish Gaelic, the Sept
Sept
A sept is an English word for a division of a family, especially a division of a clan. The word might have its origin from Latin saeptum "enclosure, fold", or it can be an alteration of sect.The term is found in both Ireland and Scotland...
name was anglicized
Anglicisation
Anglicisation, or anglicization , is the process of converting verbal or written elements of any other language into a form that is more comprehensible to an English speaker, or, more generally, of altering something such that it becomes English in form or character.The term most often refers to...
as Mitchell
Mitchell (surname)
Mitchell is an English surname, the surname is generally derived from the Middle English and Old French personal name Michel which is the vernacular form of the personal name Michael. In some cases the surname is derived from a nickname for a big man which is derived from the Middle English michel,...
, Michael
Michael
Michael is a given name that comes from the , derived from the Hebrew question מי כמו אלוהים? meaning "Who is like God?" In English, it is sometimes shortened to Mike, Mikey, or, especially in Ireland, Mick...
, Mulvihill
Mulvihill
- People :*Daráine Mulvihill/Ní Mhaolmhichil, Irish Person of the Year 2001.*John Mulvihill, Irish Labour Party politician.*Liam Mulvihill, 17th Director General of the Gaelic Athletic Association.*Margaret Mulvihill, Irish writer ....
, Mulville, or Melville
Melville (surname)
Melville is a surname and a given name. The surname has two different origins: Scottish and Irish. The given name originates from England and Scotland.-Origins:Surname...
, and other variations. Members of the Sept
Sept
A sept is an English word for a division of a family, especially a division of a clan. The word might have its origin from Latin saeptum "enclosure, fold", or it can be an alteration of sect.The term is found in both Ireland and Scotland...
also anglicized
Anglicisation
Anglicisation, or anglicization , is the process of converting verbal or written elements of any other language into a form that is more comprehensible to an English speaker, or, more generally, of altering something such that it becomes English in form or character.The term most often refers to...
their names to protect their property and in some cases to indicate a change in religion.
The family motto "Pro aris et focis
Pro Aris et Focis
Pro Aris et Focis is a Latin phrase used as the motto of many families and military regiments, as well as being one of the mottoes of Bristol University....
" originates from the Irish family name "Mulvihill".
History
The Mitchells from SligoSligo
Sligo is the county town of County Sligo in Ireland. The town is a borough and has a charter and a town mayor. It is sometimes referred to as a city, and sometimes as a town, and is the second largest urban area in Connacht...
can be traced back to Hugh O'Maoilmhichil (Owen Mitchell), born about 1670 in Ulster
Ulster
Ulster is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial...
during a period when there was great unrest among the O'Donnell
O'Donnell
O'Donnell , which is derived from the forename Domhnaill were an ancient and powerful Irish family, kings, princes, and lords of Tír Chonaill in early times, and the chief allies and sometimes...
s and the O'Neil
O'Neill dynasty
The O'Neill dynasty is a group of families that have held prominent positions and titles throughout European history. The O'Neills take their name from Niall Glúndub, an early 10th century High King of Ireland from the Cenél nEógain...
s and the Government
Kingdom of Great Britain
The former Kingdom of Great Britain, sometimes described as the 'United Kingdom of Great Britain', That the Two Kingdoms of Scotland and England, shall upon the 1st May next ensuing the date hereof, and forever after, be United into One Kingdom by the Name of GREAT BRITAIN. was a sovereign...
.
A crisis point occurred during the Elizabethan conquest of Ireland when the English authorities tried to extend their authority over Ulster
Ulster
Ulster is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial...
and Hugh O'Neill, the most powerful Irish lord in the country. O’Neill resisted with force and launched the Tyrone Rebellion
Nine Years' War (Ireland)
The Nine Years' War or Tyrone's Rebellion took place in Ireland from 1594 to 1603. It was fought between the forces of Gaelic Irish chieftains Hugh O'Neill of Tír Eoghain, Hugh Roe O'Donnell of Tír Chonaill and their allies, against English rule in Ireland. The war was fought in all parts of the...
, a nationwide war rather than a rebellion, with the intent of replacing English authority altogether. O’Neill enlisted the help of many Irish lords, but his most significant support came from King Philip III of Spain
Philip III of Spain
Philip III , also known as Philip the Pious, was the King of Spain and King of Portugal and the Algarves, where he ruled as Philip II , from 1598 until his death...
, culminating in the Battle of Kinsale
Siege of Kinsale
The Siege or Battle of Kinsale was the ultimate battle in England's conquest of Gaelic Ireland. It took place during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, at the climax of the Nine Years War - a campaign by Aodh Mór Ó Néill, Aodh Rua Ó Dónaill and other Irish clan leaders against English rule...
in 1601. The war ended in 1603 in favor of the English, and thereafter crown authority was gradually established throughout Ireland.
Although they had their lands restored, Hugh O'Neill and Ruaidhri (Rory) O'Donnell
O'Donnell
O'Donnell , which is derived from the forename Domhnaill were an ancient and powerful Irish family, kings, princes, and lords of Tír Chonaill in early times, and the chief allies and sometimes...
were surrounded by enemies with old scores to settle. They were plotted against and spied upon, and in 1607, they were advised that it was the intention of the Government
Government
Government refers to the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized...
to have them arrested. They had the choice of leaving Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
or spending the rest of their lives in prison.
O’Neill and O’Donnell, and their families left Ireland on that historic day – 14 September 1607 - in the Flight of the Earls
Flight of the Earls
The Flight of the Earls took place on 14 September 1607, when Hugh Ó Neill of Tír Eóghain, Rory Ó Donnell of Tír Chonaill and about ninety followers left Ireland for mainland Europe.-Background to the exile:...
. Their lands in Ulster were confiscated and colonized in the Plantation
Plantation
A plantation is a long artificially established forest, farm or estate, where crops are grown for sale, often in distant markets rather than for local on-site consumption...
of Ulster.
A ship sailed out from Lough Swilly
Lough Swilly
Lough Swilly in Ireland is a glacial fjord or sea inlet lying between the western side of the Inishowen Peninsula and the Fanad Peninsula, in County Donegal. Along with Carlingford Lough and Killary Harbour it is one of three known glacial fjords in Ireland....
, carrying a hundred people, including O'Neill and O'Donnell and their families. They were received with high honor on the Continent, but that was the end of Gaelic rule in Ireland. However, heartbreaking though exile was for these great Celtic Lords, the people left behind in Ulster and the remainder of Ireland were the real victims - left in dire straits and at the mercy of the English
New Model Army
The New Model Army of England was formed in 1645 by the Parliamentarians in the English Civil War, and was disbanded in 1660 after the Restoration...
and Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....
.
Under James I of England
James I of England
James VI and I was King of Scots as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the English and Scottish crowns on 24 March 1603...
Catholics were barred from all public office after the gunpowder plot
Gunpowder Plot
The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, in earlier centuries often called the Gunpowder Treason Plot or the Jesuit Treason, was a failed assassination attempt against King James I of England and VI of Scotland by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby.The plan was to blow up the House of...
was discovered in 1605. The Gaelic Irish and Old English
Old English (Ireland)
The Old English were the descendants of the settlers who came to Ireland from Wales, Normandy, and England after the Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169–71. Many of the Old English became assimilated into Irish society over the centuries...
increasingly defined themselves as Catholic
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
in opposition to the Protestant New English settlers. However, notwithstanding the Plantation of Ulster
Plantation of Ulster
The Plantation of Ulster was the organised colonisation of Ulster—a province of Ireland—by people from Great Britain. Private plantation by wealthy landowners began in 1606, while official plantation controlled by King James I of England and VI of Scotland began in 1609...
the native Irish (both Gaelic and Old English) remained the majority landowners in the country until after the Irish Rebellion of 1641
Irish Rebellion of 1641
The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began as an attempted coup d'état by Irish Catholic gentry, who tried to seize control of the English administration in Ireland to force concessions for the Catholics living under English rule...
. By the end of the resulting Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
The Cromwellian conquest of Ireland refers to the conquest of Ireland by the forces of the English Parliament, led by Oliver Cromwell during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Cromwell landed in Ireland with his New Model Army on behalf of England's Rump Parliament in 1649...
in the 1650s, the New English
Old English (Ireland)
The Old English were the descendants of the settlers who came to Ireland from Wales, Normandy, and England after the Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169–71. Many of the Old English became assimilated into Irish society over the centuries...
Protestants dominated the country, and after the Glorious Revolution
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, is the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau...
of 1688 their descendants went on to form the Protestant Ascendancy
Protestant Ascendancy
The Protestant Ascendancy, usually known in Ireland simply as the Ascendancy, is a phrase used when referring to the political, economic, and social domination of Ireland by a minority of great landowners, Protestant clergy, and professionals, all members of the Established Church during the 17th...
.
The confiscatory transition from Gaelic rule to the Protestant Ascendancy
Protestant Ascendancy
The Protestant Ascendancy, usually known in Ireland simply as the Ascendancy, is a phrase used when referring to the political, economic, and social domination of Ireland by a minority of great landowners, Protestant clergy, and professionals, all members of the Established Church during the 17th...
during the 17th century in Ireland placed the Irish and Old English
Old English (Ireland)
The Old English were the descendants of the settlers who came to Ireland from Wales, Normandy, and England after the Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169–71. Many of the Old English became assimilated into Irish society over the centuries...
at such disadvantage that political turmoil, famine, waves of emigration
Emigration
Emigration is the act of leaving one's country or region to settle in another. It is the same as immigration but from the perspective of the country of origin. Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state is termed migration. There are many reasons why people...
ensued for more than 200 years until that fateful Easter Monday, 1916
Easter Rising
The Easter Rising was an insurrection staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. The Rising was mounted by Irish republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War...
.
Since the British Crown seized about 20% of the territory of Ulster - vast tracts of church land (technically confiscated after the Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
, but relatively untouched till the reign of James I
James I of England
James VI and I was King of Scots as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the English and Scottish crowns on 24 March 1603...
) placed an unprecedented amount of territory at the disposal of the crown - virtually the whole of modern Armagh
County Armagh
-History:Ancient Armagh was the territory of the Ulaid before the fourth century AD. It was ruled by the Red Branch, whose capital was Emain Macha near Armagh. The site, and subsequently the city, were named after the goddess Macha...
, Cavan
County Cavan
County Cavan is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Cavan. Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county...
, Tyrone
County Tyrone
Historically Tyrone stretched as far north as Lough Foyle, and comprised part of modern day County Londonderry east of the River Foyle. The majority of County Londonderry was carved out of Tyrone between 1610-1620 when that land went to the Guilds of London to set up profit making schemes based on...
, Fermanagh
County Fermanagh
Fermanagh District Council is the only one of the 26 district councils in Northern Ireland that contains all of the county it is named after. The district council also contains a small section of County Tyrone in the Dromore and Kilskeery road areas....
, Londonderry
County Londonderry
The place name Derry is an anglicisation of the old Irish Daire meaning oak-grove or oak-wood. As with the city, its name is subject to the Derry/Londonderry name dispute, with the form Derry preferred by nationalists and Londonderry preferred by unionists...
and Donegal
County Donegal
County Donegal is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Donegal. Donegal County Council is the local authority for the county...
.
The 18th century were times of tumultuous change in Ireland. Along with Roman Catholics, the Scots-Irish
Ulster-Scots
The Ulster Scots are an ethnic group in Ireland, descended from Lowland Scots and English from the border of those two countries, many from the "Border Reivers" culture...
were legally disadvantaged by the Penal Laws
Penal Laws (Ireland)
The term Penal Laws in Ireland were a series of laws imposed under English and later British rule that sought to discriminate against Roman Catholics and Protestant dissenters in favour of members of the established Church of Ireland....
, which gave full rights only to Anglicans, who were mainly the descendants of English invaders and settlers. Land was seized, and people were displaced from their lands. There were pressures to renounce Catholicism
Catholicism
Catholicism is a broad term for the body of the Catholic faith, its theologies and doctrines, its liturgical, ethical, spiritual, and behavioral characteristics, as well as a religious people as a whole....
and Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism refers to a number of Christian churches adhering to the Calvinist theological tradition within Protestantism, which are organized according to a characteristic Presbyterian polity. Presbyterian theology typically emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures,...
. There were pressures to eliminate the Gaelic language and it was illegal to play the harp
Clàrsach
Clàrsach or Cláirseach , is the generic Gaelic word for 'a harp', as derived from Middle Irish...
and uilleann pipes
Uilleann pipes
The uilleann pipes or //; ) are the characteristic national bagpipe of Ireland, their current name, earlier known in English as "union pipes", is a part translation of the Irish-language term píobaí uilleann , from their method of inflation.The bag of the uilleann pipes is inflated by means of a...
. And the first of the large scale emigrations to America and Canada began, particularly among the Scots-Irish of Ulster. 13 of the earlier Presidents of the USA were children of parents born in Ulster
Scots-Irish American
Scotch-Irish Americans are an estimated 250,000 Presbyterian and other Protestant dissenters from the Irish province of Ulster who immigrated to North America primarily during the colonial era and their descendants. Some scholars also include the 150,000 Ulster Protestants who immigrated to...
Hugh (Owen Mitchell) O'Maoilmhichil, like his ancestors, had managed cattle herds for the O'Donnells and served as leaders in the local O'Donnell militia
Militia
The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. It is a polyseme with...
. Owen was also related to the O'Donnells through marriage. Owen’s ancestors had acquired land for their services but the land was confiscated
Confiscation
Confiscation, from the Latin confiscatio 'joining to the fiscus, i.e. transfer to the treasury' is a legal seizure without compensation by a government or other public authority...
. Owen came from a large family (details unknown) and had at least six sons and several daughters who left Ulster
Ulster
Ulster is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial...
for Connaught
Connacht
Connacht , formerly anglicised as Connaught, is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the west of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for...
. Their slogan was: "Onward to Connaught or Hell" because the land in the Connaught was rocky and not good.
See also
- Mitchell (surname)Mitchell (surname)Mitchell is an English surname, the surname is generally derived from the Middle English and Old French personal name Michel which is the vernacular form of the personal name Michael. In some cases the surname is derived from a nickname for a big man which is derived from the Middle English michel,...
- MulvihillMulvihill- People :*Daráine Mulvihill/Ní Mhaolmhichil, Irish Person of the Year 2001.*John Mulvihill, Irish Labour Party politician.*Liam Mulvihill, 17th Director General of the Gaelic Athletic Association.*Margaret Mulvihill, Irish writer ....
- List of Sligo people
- County Sligo
- SligoSligoSligo is the county town of County Sligo in Ireland. The town is a borough and has a charter and a town mayor. It is sometimes referred to as a city, and sometimes as a town, and is the second largest urban area in Connacht...
Descendants of the surname O'Maoilnhichil
- Brother WalfridBrother WalfridBrother Walfrid is the religious name of Andrew Kerins, an Irish Marist Brother and founder of Celtic Football Club....
(born Andrew Kearns), Marist BrothersMarist BrothersThe Marist Brothers, or Little Brothers of Mary, are a Catholic religious order of brothers and affiliated lay people. The order was founded in France, at La Valla-en-Gier near Lyon in 1817 by Saint Marcellin Champagnat, a young French priest of the Society of Mary... - Daráine MulvihillDaráine MulvihillDaráine Mulvihill was voted Irish Person of the Year in 2001. A survivor of Meningitis, she lost both her legs due to the illness and has been an advocate for immunization. Daráine was appointed to the Irish Council of State by Mary McAleese for her second term as President of Ireland, starting in...
/Ní Mhaolmhichil, Irish Person of the YearPeople of the Year AwardsThe People Of The Year Awards is an annual show in Ireland organised by the Rehab Group, televised by RTÉ television and hosted by Gráinne Seoige....
2001 - William Charles Mitchell, Banker, Chairman, Lake Shore Bancorp
- Christine Marie Mitchell, Professor, Industrial Systems, Georgia Institute of TechnologyGeorgia Institute of TechnologyThe Georgia Institute of Technology is a public research university in Atlanta, Georgia, in the United States...
- John Charles Sivalon, MM, Superior GeneralSuperior generalA Superior General, or General Superior, is the Superior at the head of a whole religious order or congregation.The term is mainly used as a generic term, while many orders and congregations use other specific titles, notably:* Abbot general...
, MaryknollMaryknollMaryknoll is a name shared by three organizations that are part of the Roman Catholic Church and whose joint focus is on the overseas mission activity of the Catholic Church in the United States...
Missionaries - Joseph Thomas Brophy, FSA, ActuaryActuaryAn actuary is a business professional who deals with the financial impact of risk and uncertainty. Actuaries provide expert assessments of financial security systems, with a focus on their complexity, their mathematics, and their mechanisms ....
, President, Travelers Insurance Company - Jonathan Mulvihill, Lead Experience Architect, DigitasDigitasDigitas is an integrated advertising agency and a member of the Publicis Groupe. The company currently has over 3,000 employees in 32 offices in 19 countries. Digitas also owns The Third Act: , Digitas Health, , Prodigious Worldwide and Solutions | Digitas...
- John Joseph Mitchell III, PatronPatrónPatrón is a luxury brand of tequila produced in Mexico and sold in hand-blown, individually numbered bottles.Made entirely from Blue Agave "piñas" , Patrón comes in five varieties: Silver, Añejo, Reposado, Gran Patrón Platinum and Gran Patrón Burdeos. Patrón also sells a tequila-coffee blend known...
, The Last Drop, Boston MA - Christopher Thomas Mitchell, WriterWriterA writer is a person who produces literature, such as novels, short stories, plays, screenplays, poetry, or other literary art. Skilled writers are able to use language to portray ideas and images....
, Unpublished review of Jim Cramer's Real Money