.tp
Encyclopedia
.tp was the listed Internet
country code
top-level domain
(ccTLD) for East Timor
. The letters used refer to Timor Português or Portuguese Timor
a legacy from the nation's previous status as a Portuguese
colony
. The domain .tp was officially launched in December 1997 by connect.ie, an internet service provider
based in Dublin, Ireland
, in cooperation with the East Timorese authorities in absentia, while East Timor was under Indonesia
n military control.
.tp remains active for the period of transition, although it now no longer complies with the ISO 3166-1 standard
for the two-letter codes for the name of countries, the code for East Timor having changed from TP to TL
after independence. It retains a number of domains. The last listed change and update for .tp was on April 22, 2008.
, it was realized that a set of necessary registration conditions would require to be met, including the provision of a local contact persons details. It was assumed by all parties in this discussion that there was a strong likelihood for a potential negative reaction to any person or indeed location listed for such purposes. After discussion with various East Timorese representatives, it was agreed that Xanana Gusmão
would be the appropriate contact person. (Xanana was at that time in the custody of the Indonesian governmental authorities in Jakarta). The remaining issue and solution to providing local addressing and other contact details were provided by . A telephone call was made to Dili to identify the address and telephone no. of the Military Governor, the last local location of Xanana Gusmão. These details were provided to and accepted by IANA. The .tp domain registry was successfully acquired and activated mainly for the purpose of "declaring independence" at least in the virtual world.
The subsequent attack on the .tp domain registry gained extensive worldwide media coverage and public support. Within 6 days of this occurring, and much to everyone's surprise, President Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie
announced that a referendum would be held in East Timor to choose between special autonomy and independence. This activity finally concluded when East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on May 20, 2002.
the cctld server services for the '.tp' domain were attacked by hackers believed to be at the behest and with support from a faction of the Indonesian military. Connect Ireland also received malicious telephone calls and other communications at this time.
In response to these press reports, issued a statement in response to these purported reports condemning any use of hacking for any activity that would negatively impact on ordinary Indonesian citizens, stating that they (CI) were not at "war" with the Indonesian people and cited the support that they had received from many Indonesian people after the earlier attack on the .tp domain.
is the ccTLD that now complies with the ISO 3166-1 standard. The Department of Information Technology in East Timor is working cooperatively with Connect Ireland to ensure a stable and secure transition to the .tl ccTLD. Existing registrants in the .tp ccTLD were initially granted the same domain in the .tl ccTLD at no cost for the first year of registration. Both the .tp and .tl "versions" continue to resolve and registrant information, whois data, and name server delegations were to be the same for both .tl and .tp, for legacy domains.
As of June 2005, no further registrations were accepted in the .tp domain.
Registration in .tl is available directly at second-level with no local presence requirement, through CoCCA and various resellers worldwide.
As of 2008, search engines find approximately twice as many pages in the .tp domain as in its successor, .tl . As of October 2009, this ratio dropped to 1:8, .tl being the more dominant.
site, .tl was listed as unassigned, with .tp still being listed for East Timor. (Xanana Gusmão
, a major political figure and former president, is the administrative contact.) The Department of Information Technology in East Timor sent a letter to IANA requesting that this information be updated. As of September 30, 2005, the update has been made and .tl is listed as an active top-level domain
.
Internet
The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...
country code
Country code
Country codes are short alphabetic or numeric geographical codes developed to represent countries and dependent areas, for use in data processing and communications. Several different systems have been developed to do this. The best known of these is ISO 3166-1...
top-level domain
Top-level domain
A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of a...
(ccTLD) for East Timor
East Timor
The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, commonly known as East Timor , is a state in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor...
. The letters used refer to Timor Português or Portuguese Timor
Portuguese Timor
Portuguese Timor was the name of East Timor when it was under Portuguese control. During this period, Portugal shared the island of Timor with the Netherlands East Indies, and later with Indonesia....
a legacy from the nation's previous status as a Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
colony
Colony
In politics and history, a colony is a territory under the immediate political control of a state. For colonies in antiquity, city-states would often found their own colonies. Some colonies were historically countries, while others were territories without definite statehood from their inception....
. The domain .tp was officially launched in December 1997 by connect.ie, an internet service provider
Internet service provider
An Internet service provider is a company that provides access to the Internet. Access ISPs directly connect customers to the Internet using copper wires, wireless or fiber-optic connections. Hosting ISPs lease server space for smaller businesses and host other people servers...
based in Dublin, Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Ireland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
, in cooperation with the East Timorese authorities in absentia, while East Timor was under Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
n military control.
.tp remains active for the period of transition, although it now no longer complies with the ISO 3166-1 standard
ISO 3166-1
ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization , and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names...
for the two-letter codes for the name of countries, the code for East Timor having changed from TP to TL
.tl
.tl is the current country code top-level domain for East Timor . It is administered through the Council of Country Code Administrators and second-level registration is available through resellers worldwide with no local presence requirement.The previous ccTLD for East Timor was .tp...
after independence. It retains a number of domains. The last listed change and update for .tp was on April 22, 2008.
History
In 1997, initiated and discussed the potential of setting up a "virtual East Timor". They communicated these ideas to the East Timorese leadership and their representatives. The result of this activity was that set in motion the processes to acquire the .tp domain (then the only available and therefore appropriate nomenclature for East Timor). After discussions with Jon Postel, IANAInternet Assigned Numbers Authority
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority is the entity that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System , media types, and other Internet Protocol-related symbols and numbers...
, it was realized that a set of necessary registration conditions would require to be met, including the provision of a local contact persons details. It was assumed by all parties in this discussion that there was a strong likelihood for a potential negative reaction to any person or indeed location listed for such purposes. After discussion with various East Timorese representatives, it was agreed that Xanana Gusmão
Xanana Gusmão
Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão GCL is a former militant who was the first President of East Timor, serving from May 2002 to May 2007...
would be the appropriate contact person. (Xanana was at that time in the custody of the Indonesian governmental authorities in Jakarta). The remaining issue and solution to providing local addressing and other contact details were provided by . A telephone call was made to Dili to identify the address and telephone no. of the Military Governor, the last local location of Xanana Gusmão. These details were provided to and accepted by IANA. The .tp domain registry was successfully acquired and activated mainly for the purpose of "declaring independence" at least in the virtual world.
The subsequent attack on the .tp domain registry gained extensive worldwide media coverage and public support. Within 6 days of this occurring, and much to everyone's surprise, President Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie
Jusuf Habibie
Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie , also known B. J. Habibie, was the third and shortest-serving President of Indonesia, serving from 1998 to 1999.-Early life and career:...
announced that a referendum would be held in East Timor to choose between special autonomy and independence. This activity finally concluded when East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on May 20, 2002.
First "Internet" War
During the 1999 East Timorese crisis1999 East Timorese crisis
The 1999 East Timorese crisis began with attacks by anti-independence militants on civilians, and expanded to general violence throughout the country, centred in the capital Dili. The violence erupted after a majority of eligible voters in the population of East Timor chose independence from...
the cctld server services for the '.tp' domain were attacked by hackers believed to be at the behest and with support from a faction of the Indonesian military. Connect Ireland also received malicious telephone calls and other communications at this time.
Confusion
In August 1999, before the holding of the referendum, one of the independence leaders José Ramos-Horta, now the President of East Timor, was purported to have stated that arrangements had been made for hackers to attack Indonesian sites.In response to these press reports, issued a statement in response to these purported reports condemning any use of hacking for any activity that would negatively impact on ordinary Indonesian citizens, stating that they (CI) were not at "war" with the Indonesian people and cited the support that they had received from many Indonesian people after the earlier attack on the .tp domain.
Transition to .tl
.tl.tl
.tl is the current country code top-level domain for East Timor . It is administered through the Council of Country Code Administrators and second-level registration is available through resellers worldwide with no local presence requirement.The previous ccTLD for East Timor was .tp...
is the ccTLD that now complies with the ISO 3166-1 standard. The Department of Information Technology in East Timor is working cooperatively with Connect Ireland to ensure a stable and secure transition to the .tl ccTLD. Existing registrants in the .tp ccTLD were initially granted the same domain in the .tl ccTLD at no cost for the first year of registration. Both the .tp and .tl "versions" continue to resolve and registrant information, whois data, and name server delegations were to be the same for both .tl and .tp, for legacy domains.
As of June 2005, no further registrations were accepted in the .tp domain.
Registration in .tl is available directly at second-level with no local presence requirement, through CoCCA and various resellers worldwide.
As of 2008, search engines find approximately twice as many pages in the .tp domain as in its successor, .tl . As of October 2009, this ratio dropped to 1:8, .tl being the more dominant.
Dated IANA information
For a long time, according to the IANAInternet Assigned Numbers Authority
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority is the entity that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System , media types, and other Internet Protocol-related symbols and numbers...
site, .tl was listed as unassigned, with .tp still being listed for East Timor. (Xanana Gusmão
Xanana Gusmão
Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão GCL is a former militant who was the first President of East Timor, serving from May 2002 to May 2007...
, a major political figure and former president, is the administrative contact.) The Department of Information Technology in East Timor sent a letter to IANA requesting that this information be updated. As of September 30, 2005, the update has been made and .tl is listed as an active top-level domain
Top-level domain
A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last label of a...
.