Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi
Encyclopedia
Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi (508 AH-597 AH) from Bagdad
was an Islamic scholar whose family traces their lineage back to that of Abu Bakr
, the famous companion of the prophet Muhammad
and first caliph
. He belonged to the Hanbali
school of jurisprudential thought
.
Ali
ibn Muhammad
ibn `Ubayd Allah ibn `Abd Allah ibn Hammadi ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ja`far ibn `Abd Allah ibn al-Qasim ibn al-Nadr ibn al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn `Abd Allah ibn al-Faqih `Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Faqih al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr.
of the Qur'an
as well as his numerous hadith
writings. One of the more famous of the latter is his "Tahqiq", a compendium of both the hadith evidences used by the Hanbali
school of jurisprudential thought and a work of compartive law (Arabic: فقه Fiqh
). He is said to have been a precocious child
who allegedly made his first speech
at the age of ten (attended by a crowd of 50,000), and authored his first book at the age of thirteen.
Ibn al-Jawzi's most famous work in this regard is his Daff' Shubah al-Tashbih (also incorrectly printed under the title al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqaddu ala Mukhalifi al-Madhhab; note that the relationship of the recently printed Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat
of Merlin Swartz to this work is still a question of debate). There is a recent translation of this work under the title of "Attributes of God" published by Amal Press.
states: “I have not known anyone amongst the ‘ulama to have written as much as he (Ibn al-Jawzi) did. Recently, Professor Abdul Hameed al-Aloojee, an Iraqee scholar conducted research on the extent of ibn al Jawzi’s works and wrote a reference work in which he listed Ibn al Jawzees’s works alphabetically, identifying the publishers and libraries where his unpublished manuscripts could be found. The number of Ibn al-Jawzi’s books reached a staggering total of 376 texts. Somes even say that he is the author of more than 700 works.
Bagdad
-Places:Australia* Bagdad, TasmaniaMexico* Bagdad, TamaulipasPoland* Bagdad, PolandUnited States* Bagdad, Arizona* Bagdad, California* Bagdad, Butte County, California* Bagdad, Florida* Bagdad, Kentucky* Bagdad, New York* Bagdad, Virginia...
was an Islamic scholar whose family traces their lineage back to that of Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr was a senior companion and the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632-634 CE when he became the first Muslim Caliph following Muhammad's death...
, the famous companion of the prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
and first caliph
Caliph
The Caliph is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah. It is a transcribed version of the Arabic word which means "successor" or "representative"...
. He belonged to the Hanbali
Hanbali
The Hanbali school is one the schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. The jurisprudence school traces back to Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal but was institutionalized by his students. Hanbali jurisprudence is considered very strict and conservative, especially regarding questions of dogma...
school of jurisprudential thought
Madhhab
is a Muslim school of law or fiqh . In the first 150 years of Islam, there were many such "schools". In fact, several of the Sahābah, or contemporary "companions" of Muhammad, are credited with founding their own...
.
Etymology
His full name was Abd al-Rahman ibnIBN
IBN or ibn may refer to:In general* ibn, patronymic in Arabic personal names * IBN code page , a Nordic language code page under MS-DOS...
Ali
Ali (name)
Ali is a male Arabic name, derived from the Arabic root which literally means "high". It is a common name in Arabic countries and the rest of the Muslim world....
ibn Muhammad
Muhammad (name)
Muhammad was a prophet and an Arabic religious and political leader who preached and established Islam.Muhammad may also refer to:*Muhammad , listing people with the given name or surname Muhammad...
ibn `Ubayd Allah ibn `Abd Allah ibn Hammadi ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ja`far ibn `Abd Allah ibn al-Qasim ibn al-Nadr ibn al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn `Abd Allah ibn al-Faqih `Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Faqih al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr.
Biography
He was known for his works in exegesisTafsir
Tafseer is the Arabic word for exegesis or commentary, usually of the Qur'an. Ta'wīl is a subset of tafsir and refers to esoteric or mystical interpretation. An author of tafsir is a mufassir .- Etymology :...
of the Qur'an
Qur'an
The Quran , also transliterated Qur'an, Koran, Alcoran, Qur’ān, Coran, Kuran, and al-Qur’ān, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God . It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language...
as well as his numerous hadith
Hadith
The term Hadīth is used to denote a saying or an act or tacit approval or criticism ascribed either validly or invalidly to the Islamic prophet Muhammad....
writings. One of the more famous of the latter is his "Tahqiq", a compendium of both the hadith evidences used by the Hanbali
Hanbali
The Hanbali school is one the schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam. The jurisprudence school traces back to Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal but was institutionalized by his students. Hanbali jurisprudence is considered very strict and conservative, especially regarding questions of dogma...
school of jurisprudential thought and a work of compartive law (Arabic: فقه Fiqh
Fiqh
Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the code of conduct expounded in the Quran, often supplemented by tradition and implemented by the rulings and interpretations of Islamic jurists....
). He is said to have been a precocious child
Child prodigy
A child prodigy is someone who, at an early age, masters one or more skills far beyond his or her level of maturity. One criterion for classifying prodigies is: a prodigy is a child, typically younger than 18 years old, who is performing at the level of a highly trained adult in a very demanding...
who allegedly made his first speech
Speech
Speech is the human faculty of speaking.It may also refer to:* Public speaking, the process of speaking to a group of people* Manner of articulation, how the body parts involved in making speech are manipulated...
at the age of ten (attended by a crowd of 50,000), and authored his first book at the age of thirteen.
Theology
Ibn al-Jawzi is famous for the theological stance that he took against other Hanbalites of the time, in particular Ibn al-Zaghuni and al-Qadi Abu Ya'la. He believed that these and other Hanbalites had gone to extremes in affirming God's Attributes, so much so that he accused them of tarnishing the reputation of Hanbalites and making it synonymous with extreme anthropomorphism. Ibn al-Jawzi believed that Imam Ahmad b. Hanbal himself disapproved of such theology.Ibn al-Jawzi's most famous work in this regard is his Daff' Shubah al-Tashbih (also incorrectly printed under the title al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqaddu ala Mukhalifi al-Madhhab; note that the relationship of the recently printed Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat
Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat
Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat is a theological polemic written by Hanbali Islamic scholar Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi between 1185 and 1192. The polemic is primarily directed at what, Ibn Jawzi held to be, growing anthropomorphic beliefs within the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought. It singles out...
of Merlin Swartz to this work is still a question of debate). There is a recent translation of this work under the title of "Attributes of God" published by Amal Press.
God is neither inside nor outside of the Universe
Ibn Jawzi states, in As-Sifat, that God neither exists inside the world nor outside of it. To him, "being inside or outside are concomitant of things located in space" i.e. what is outside or inside must be in a place, and, according to him, this is not applicable to God. He writes:
Both [being in a place and outside a place] along with movement, rest, and other accidents are constitutive of bodies ... The divine essence does not admit of any created entity [e.g. place] within it or inhering in it.
Works
Ibn al-Jawzi is perhaps the most prolific author in Islamic history. Al-DhahabiAl-Dhahabi
Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn `Uthman ibn Qaymaz ibn `Abd Allah, Shams al-Din Abu `Abd Allah al-Turkmani al-Diyarbakri al-Fariqi al-Dimashqi al-Dhahabi al-Shafi`i , known as Al-Dhahabi , a Shafi'i Muhaddith and historian of Islam.-Biography:...
states: “I have not known anyone amongst the ‘ulama to have written as much as he (Ibn al-Jawzi) did. Recently, Professor Abdul Hameed al-Aloojee, an Iraqee scholar conducted research on the extent of ibn al Jawzi’s works and wrote a reference work in which he listed Ibn al Jawzees’s works alphabetically, identifying the publishers and libraries where his unpublished manuscripts could be found. The number of Ibn al-Jawzi’s books reached a staggering total of 376 texts. Somes even say that he is the author of more than 700 works.
- Al-Tahqiq (Arabic: التحقيق) mentioned above
- A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions (Al-Mawdu'at al-Kubra)A Great Collection of Fabricated TraditionsA Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions, , is a collection of fabricated hadith collected by Abul-Faraj Ibn Al-Jawzi for criticism.-Description:...
(Arabic: الموضوعات الكبرى) - Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Umam translates as: A categorical collection of the history of the nations (Arabic: المنتظم في تأريخ الأمم)
- Provision of the journey(Arabic: زاد المسير ) the second of his three works of exegesis on the Quran. The third in the series, entitled "al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir" (المغني في التفسير) is lost. The first has recently been published.
Quranic Sciences
- Al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir, 81 parts
- Zad al-Masir fi ‘Ilm al-Tafsir, 4 volumes
- Taysir al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran
- Tadhkirat al-Arib fi Tafsir al-Gharib
- Gharib al-Gharib
- Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir
- Al-Wujuh wa al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir, a summary of Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir
- Al-Ishara ila al-Qira’at al-Mukhtara, 4 parts
- Tadhkirat al-Mutanabbih fi ‘Uyun al-Mushtabih
- Funun al-Afnan fi ‘Uyun ‘Ulum al-Quran
- Ward al-Aghsan fi Funun al-Afnan
- ‘Umdat al-Rasikh fi Ma’rifat al-Mansukh wa al-Nasikh, 5 parts
- Al-Musaffa bi Akuffi Ahl al-Rusukh min ‘Ilm al-Nasikh wal-Mansukh
Theology
- Muntaqad al-Mu’taqid
- Minhaj al-Wusul ila ‘Ilm al-Usul, 5 parts
- Bayan Ghaflat al-Qa’il bi Qidam Af’al al-‘Ibad
- Ghawamidh al-Ilahiyat
- Maslak al-‘Aql
- Minhaj Ahl al-Isaba
- Al-Sirr al-Masun
- Daf’ Shubhat al-Tashbih, 4 parts
- Al-Radd ‘Ala al-Muta’assib al-‘Anid
- Kitab Akhbar as-SifatKitab Akhbar as-SifatKitab Akhbar as-Sifat is a theological polemic written by Hanbali Islamic scholar Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi between 1185 and 1192. The polemic is primarily directed at what, Ibn Jawzi held to be, growing anthropomorphic beliefs within the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought. It singles out...
Traditions and Asceticism
- Jami’ al-Asanid bi Alkhas al-Asanid
- Al-Hada’iq, 34 parts
- Naqiy al-Naql, 5 parts
- Al-Mujtab
- Al-Nuzha, 2 parts
- ‘Uyun al-Hikayat
- Multaqat al-Hikayat, 13 parts
- Irshad al-Muridin fi Hikayat al-Salaf al-Salihin
- Rawdhat al-Naqil
- Ghurar al-Athar, 30 parts
- Al-Tahqiq fi Ahadith al-Ta’liq, 2 volumes (ISBN 977-5704-48-0)
- Al-Madih, 7 parts
- Al-Mawdhu’at min al-Ahadith al-Marfu’at, 2 volumes
- Al-‘Ilal al-Mutanahiya fi al-Ahadith al-Wahiya, 2 volumes
- Ikhbar Ahl al-Rusukh fi al-Fiqh wal-Tahdith bi Miqdar al-Mansukh min al-Hadith (ISBN 977-14-2005-4)
- Al-Sahm al-Musib, 2 parts
- Akhyar al-Dhakha’ir, 3 parts
- Al-Fawa’id ‘an al-Shuyukh, 60 parts
- Manaqib Ashab al-Hadith
- Mawt al-Khidhr
- Mukhtasar Mawt al-Khidhr
- Al-Mashyikha
- Al-Musalsalat
- Al-Muhtasab fi al-Nasab
- Tuhfat al-Tullab, 3 parts
- Tanwir Mudlahim al-Sharaf
- Al-Alqab
- Manaqab Ameer ul Mumineen ‘Umar b. al-Khattab
- Fadha’il ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
- Fadha’il Sa’id b. al-Musayyab
- Fadha’il al-Hasan al-Basri
- Manaqib al-Fudhayl b. ‘Ayadh, 4 parts
- Manaqib Bishr al-Hafi, 7 parts
- Manaqib Ibrahim b. Adham, 6 parts
- Manaqib Sufyan al-Thawri
- Manaqib Ahmad b. Hanbal
- Manaqib Ma’ruf al-Karkhi, 2 parts
- Manaqib Rabi’a al-‘Adawiyya
- Muthir al-‘Azm al-Sakin ila Ashraf al-Amakin (ISBN 977-5227-59-3)
- Safwat al-Safwa, 5 parts, abridgment of Hilyat al-Awliya’ by Abu Nu’aym
- Minhaj al-Qasidin, 4 parts
- Al-Mukhtar min Akhbar al-Akhyar
- Al-Qati’ li Muhal al-Lijaj bi Muhal al-Hallaj, a rebuttal against the supporters of al-Hallaj, the pantheist who was executed by the agreement of the jurists from four schools.
- ‘Ujalat al-Muntadhar li Sharh Hal al-Khidhr
- Al-Nisa’ wa ma yata’alluq bi adabihin
- ‘Ilm al-Hadith al-Manqul fi Anna Aba Bakr Amma al-Rasul
- Al-Jawhar
- Al-Mughlaq
History
- Talqih Fuhum Ahl al-Athar fi ‘Uyun al-Tawarikh wa al-Siyar
- Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wal-Umam, 10 volumes
- Shudhur al-‘Uqud fi Tarikh al-‘Uhud
- Tara’if al-Dhara’if fi Tarikh al-Sawalif
- Manaqib Baghdad
- Al-Wafa bi Fadha’il al-Mustafa, biography of the Prophet, 2 volumes
Fiqh
- al-Insaf fi Masa’il al-Khilaf
- Junnat al-Nadhir wa Jannat al-Nadhar
- ‘Umad al-Dala’il fi Mushtahar al-Masa’il
- Al-Mudhab fi al-Madhab
- Masbuk al-Dhahab
- Al-Nubdha
- Al-‘Ibadat al-Khams
- Asbab al-Hidaya li Arbab al-Bidaya
- Kashf al-Dhulma ‘an al-Dhiya’ fi Radd Da’wa Ilkiya
- Radd al-Lawm al-Dhaym fi Sawm Yawm al-Ghaym
Art of Preaching (wa’dh)
- al-Yawaqit fi al-Khutab
- al-Muntakhab fi al-Nuwab
- Muntakhab al-Muntakhab
- Muntakhal al-Muntakhab
- Nasim al-Riyadh
- Al-Lu’lu’
- Kanz al-Mudhakkir
- Al-Azaj
- Al-Lata’if
- Kunuz al-Rumuz
- Al-Muqtabis
- Zayn al-Qisas
- Mawafiq al-Marafiq (ISBN 2-7451-3464-7)
- Shahid wa Mashhud
- Wasitat al-‘Uqud min Shahid wa Mashhud
- Al-Lahab, 2 parts
- Al-Mudhish
- Saba Najd
- Muhadathat al-‘Aql
- Laqt al-Juman
- Al-Muq’ad al-Muqim
- Iqadh al-Wasnan min al-Raqadat bi Ahwal al-Haywan wal-Nabat, 2 parts
- Nakt al-Majalis al-Badriyya, 2 parts
- Nuzhat al-Adib, 2 parts
- Muntaha al-Muntaha
- Tabsirat al-Mubtadi’, 20 parts
- Al-Yaquta, 2 parts (ISBN 977-5141-49-4)
- Tuhfat al-Wu’adh
Various sciences
- Dham al-Hawa, 2 volumes
- Sayd al-Khatir, 65 parts
- Ihkam al-Ish’ar bi Ahkam al-Ash’ar, 20 parts
- Al-Qussas al-Mudhakkirin (Also available in English: A critical edition, annotated translation and introduction by Merlin L. Swartz ASIN: B0007KE23O)
- Taqwim al-Lisan
- Al-Adhkiya
- Al-Hamqa
- Talbis Iblis, 2 volumes (A small part of the book has been translated and abridged into English by Dr. Bilal Philips)
- Laqt al-Manafi’ fi al-Tibb, 2 volumes
- Al-Shayb al-Khidhab
- A’mar al-A’yan
- Al-Thabat ‘ind al-Mamat, 2 parts
- Tanwir al-Ghabash fi Fadhl al-Sud wal-Habash, 2 parts
- Al-Hath ‘ala Hifdh al-‘Ilm wa Dhikr Kibar al-Huffadh
- Ashraf al-Mawali, 2 parts
- I’lam al-Ahya bi Aghlat al-Ihya, a criticism of Ihya ‘Ulum al-Din by al-Ghazzali
- Tahrim al-Muhill al-Makruh
- Al-Misbah al-Mudhi’ li Dawlat al-Imam al-Mustadhi’
- ‘Atf al-‘Ulama ‘ala al-Umara wal-Umara ‘ala al-‘Ulama
- Al-Nasr ‘Ala Misr
- Al-Majd al-‘Adhudi
- Al-Fajr al-Nuri
- Manaqib al-Sitr al-Rafi’
- Ma Qultuhu min al-Ash’ar
- Al-Maqamat
- Min Rasa’ili
- Al-Tibb al-Ruhani
- Bayan al-Khata wal-Sawab fi Ahadith Ibn Shihab, 16 parts
- Al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqadh ‘ala man Khalafa al-Madhab, a treatise in Fiqh, and not another title of Daf’ Shubah al-Tashbih according to Ibn Rajab.
- Al-Nur fi Fadha’il al-Ayyam wal-Shuhur
- Taqrib al-Tariq al-Ab’ad fi Fadha’il Maqbarat Ahmad
- Manaqib al-Imam al-Shafi’i
- Al-‘Uzlah
- Al-Riyadha
- Minhaj al-Isaba fi Mahabat al-Sahaba
- Funun al-Albab
- Al-Dhurafa wal-Mutamajinin
- Manaqib Abi Bakr
- Manaqib ‘Ali
- Fadha’il al-‘Arab
- Durrat al-Iklil fi al-Tarikh, 4 volumes
- Al-Amthal
- Al-Manfa’ah fi al-Madhahib al-Arba’ah, 2 volumes
- Al-Mukhtar min al-Ash’ar, 10 volumes
- Ru’us al-Qawarir, 2 volumes
- Al-Murtajal fi al-Wa’dh
- Dhakhirat al-Wa’idh, several volumes
- Al-Zajr al-Makhuf
- Al-Ins wal-Mahabba
- Al-Mutrib al-Mulhib
- Al-Zand al-Wariy fi al-Wa’dh al-Nasiriy, 2 parts
- Al-Fakhir fi Ayyam al-Imam al-Nasir
- Al-Majd al-Salahi
- Lughat al-Fiqh, 2 parts
- ‘Aqd al-Khanasir fi Dhamm al-Khalifat al-Nasir
- Dhamm ‘Abd al-Qadir, a censure of ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jaylani
- Gharib al-Hadith
- Mulah al-Ahadith, 2 parts
- Al-Fusul al-Wa’dhiya ‘ala Huruf al-Mu’jam
- Salwat al-Ahzan, 10 volumes
- Al-Ma’shuq fil-Wa’dh
- Al-Majahlis al-Yusufiyya fil-Wa’dh
- Al-Wa’dh al-Maqbari
- Qiyam al-Layl, 3 parts
- Al-Muhadatha
- Al-Munaja
- Zahir al-Jawahir fil-Wa’dh, 4 parts
- Al-Nuhat al-Khawatim, 2 parts
- Al-Murtaqa li man Ittaqa
- Hawashi ‘ala Sihah al-Jawhari
- Mukhtasar Funun Ibn ‘Aqil, 10 odd volumes
See also
- Sibt ibn al-JawziSibt ibn al-JawziYusuf ibn Abd-Allah , famously known as Sibt ibn al-Jawzi and Abu-Muzaffar .was a famous scholar.-Confusion:He was the grandson of the great Hanbali scholar Abul-Faraj Ibn Al-Jawzi who is known for his works such as A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions and the Provision of the journey .his...
- Notable Hanbali Scholars
- List of Muslim historians
- Kitab Akhbar as-SifatKitab Akhbar as-SifatKitab Akhbar as-Sifat is a theological polemic written by Hanbali Islamic scholar Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi between 1185 and 1192. The polemic is primarily directed at what, Ibn Jawzi held to be, growing anthropomorphic beliefs within the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought. It singles out...
External links
- The Attributes of God 'Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi trans. Abdullah bin Hamid 'Ali published by Amal Press
- The Most Comprehensive Biographical Note of Ibn al-Jawzi online
- Biography