Adil Çarçani
Encyclopedia
Adil Çarçani was an Albania
n politician in the Communist regime led by Enver Hoxha
. He served as the titular head of the Albanian government in the years immediately preceding the fall of the Communist regime.
Çarçani was born in Fushë-Bardhë, Gjirokastër District
, Albania. During World War II
, he fought for Partisan forces against the Italian
fascists, and joined the Communist party and the government that it set up after the war. He became mining minister in the 1950s, joined the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania
in the 1960s, and by 1981 had become first deputy prime minister.
On December 18, 1981, immediately after the violent death of Mehmet Shehu
, Çarçani became Prime Minister. He remained in that position until the Communist government began to fall in 1991, when he resigned after mobs tore down the statue of Enver Hoxha
, Albania's communist leader from the 1940s until the 1980s. Çarçani was, however, elected to parliament that year, and gave the opening speech.
In 1994 Çarçani was tried, found guilty and sentenced to prison for embezzlement
and abuse of power. His sentence was commuted to house arrest, however, as he was beginning to suffer from health problems. He died under house arrest in Tirana
.
Albania
Albania , officially known as the Republic of Albania , is a country in Southeastern Europe, in the Balkans region. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea...
n politician in the Communist regime led by Enver Hoxha
Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
. He served as the titular head of the Albanian government in the years immediately preceding the fall of the Communist regime.
Çarçani was born in Fushë-Bardhë, Gjirokastër District
Gjirokastër District
The District of Gjirokastër is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania. It has a population of 56,720 containing a large Greek minority, and an area of 1,137 km². It is in the south of the country, and its capital is Gjirokastër...
, Albania. During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, he fought for Partisan forces against the Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
fascists, and joined the Communist party and the government that it set up after the war. He became mining minister in the 1950s, joined the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania
Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania
The Politburo was the leading organ of the Party of Labour of Albania. The following is the composition of the Politburo that would be formed after every Congress of the Party. The politburo for the 1941-1948 period is not included....
in the 1960s, and by 1981 had become first deputy prime minister.
On December 18, 1981, immediately after the violent death of Mehmet Shehu
Mehmet Shehu
Mehmet Ismail Shehu was an Albanian communist politician who served as premier of Albania from 1954 to 1981...
, Çarçani became Prime Minister. He remained in that position until the Communist government began to fall in 1991, when he resigned after mobs tore down the statue of Enver Hoxha
Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
, Albania's communist leader from the 1940s until the 1980s. Çarçani was, however, elected to parliament that year, and gave the opening speech.
In 1994 Çarçani was tried, found guilty and sentenced to prison for embezzlement
Embezzlement
Embezzlement is the act of dishonestly appropriating or secreting assets by one or more individuals to whom such assets have been entrusted....
and abuse of power. His sentence was commuted to house arrest, however, as he was beginning to suffer from health problems. He died under house arrest in Tirana
Tirana
Tirana is the capital and the largest city of Albania. Modern Tirana was founded as an Ottoman town in 1614 by Sulejman Bargjini, a local ruler from Mullet, although the area has been continuously inhabited since antiquity. Tirana became Albania's capital city in 1920 and has a population of over...
.
External links
- Adil Carcani's New Government Open Society Archives
- ADIL ÇARÇANI RAPPORT SUR LES DIRECTIVES DU IXe Congres du Parti