António Gonçalves de Bandarra
Encyclopedia
António Gonçalves Annes Bandarra or Gonçalo Anes Bandarra (Trancoso, 1500 — Trancoso, 1556) was a Portuguese
writer
and prophet
.
messianic
character prophecies famous already around 1531. He had a good knowledge from the Old Testament
scriptures, from which he did his own interpretations, which lead that already as an adult he had resided in Lisbon some time at request of new-Christian mystic
s and theologians who desired that he had more contact and discussion with the Lisbon community. On account of all that, he was accused by the Inquisition
of Judaism
and his trovas where included in the catalogue of forbidden books
, since they aroused interest especially among the new Christians. He was inquired facing this cort
, being deemed innocent, but he was forced to participate in the 1541 auto-de-fé procession
and also to never more interpret the Bible
or write on theology
matters. After the trial he went back to Trancoso, where he would come to die in 1556.
To his work it was given the name "Paráfrase e Concordância de Algumas Profecias de Bandarra" (Paraphrase and Concordance of Some Prophecies by Bandarra) and was edited by D. João de Castro (sebastianist
grandson from the famous namesake Vice-Roy of Portuguese India
). The work was interpreted as a prophecy to the return of King D. Sebastião
after his disappearance in the Battle of Alcácer-Quibir
in August 1578. In 1815 it is edited a new edition with the title "Trovas Inéditas do Bandarra" and between 1822 and 1823 comes one more edition with the title "Verdade e Complemento das Profecias". The "Trovas do Bandarra" influenced the sebastianist and messianic thought of Priest António Vieira and Fernando Pessoa
. It are three the points of Bandarra's prophetics: the Fifth Empire
, the going and return of the Encoberto [Covered One] (after Alcácer-Quibir identified as being el-rei D. Sebastião) and the destinies of Portugal.
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....
writer
Writer
A writer is a person who produces literature, such as novels, short stories, plays, screenplays, poetry, or other literary art. Skilled writers are able to use language to portray ideas and images....
and prophet
Prophet
In religion, a prophet, from the Greek word προφήτης profitis meaning "foreteller", is an individual who is claimed to have been contacted by the supernatural or the divine, and serves as an intermediary with humanity, delivering this newfound knowledge from the supernatural entity to other people...
.
Life and work
He was a shoemaker by trade (though he was born rich and lost his wealth) and of Jewish blood and dedicated himself to astrology and the publicising in versePoetry
Poetry is a form of literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning...
messianic
Messianic
Messianic primarily means 'of the Messiah .Messianic may also mean:*Messianic Complex, a psychological state of mind*Messianic democracy, democracy by force*Messianic prophecies*MessianismMessianic may refer to:...
character prophecies famous already around 1531. He had a good knowledge from the Old Testament
Old Testament
The Old Testament, of which Christians hold different views, is a Christian term for the religious writings of ancient Israel held sacred and inspired by Christians which overlaps with the 24-book canon of the Masoretic Text of Judaism...
scriptures, from which he did his own interpretations, which lead that already as an adult he had resided in Lisbon some time at request of new-Christian mystic
Mysticism
Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:...
s and theologians who desired that he had more contact and discussion with the Lisbon community. On account of all that, he was accused by the Inquisition
Inquisition
The Inquisition, Inquisitio Haereticae Pravitatis , was the "fight against heretics" by several institutions within the justice-system of the Roman Catholic Church. It started in the 12th century, with the introduction of torture in the persecution of heresy...
of Judaism
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...
and his trovas where included in the catalogue of forbidden books
Index Librorum Prohibitorum
The Index Librorum Prohibitorum was a list of publications prohibited by the Catholic Church. A first version was promulgated by Pope Paul IV in 1559, and a revised and somewhat relaxed form was authorized at the Council of Trent...
, since they aroused interest especially among the new Christians. He was inquired facing this cort
Tribunal
A tribunal in the general sense is any person or institution with the authority to judge, adjudicate on, or determine claims or disputes—whether or not it is called a tribunal in its title....
, being deemed innocent, but he was forced to participate in the 1541 auto-de-fé procession
Procession
A procession is an organized body of people advancing in a formal or ceremonial manner.-Procession elements:...
and also to never more interpret the Bible
Bible
The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
or write on theology
Theology
Theology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
matters. After the trial he went back to Trancoso, where he would come to die in 1556.
To his work it was given the name "Paráfrase e Concordância de Algumas Profecias de Bandarra" (Paraphrase and Concordance of Some Prophecies by Bandarra) and was edited by D. João de Castro (sebastianist
Sebastianism
Sebastianism, one aspect of the sleeping king folk-motif, is part of the Portuguese and Brazilian mythology and culture. It means waiting for a hero that will save Portugal and lead it to the Fifth Empire, and known as Eu nacional...
grandson from the famous namesake Vice-Roy of Portuguese India
João de Castro
Dom João de Castro was a Portuguese naval officer and fourth viceroy of Portuguese India. He was called Castro Forte by poet Luís de Camões. Castro was the son of Álvaro de Castro, civil governor of Lisbon...
). The work was interpreted as a prophecy to the return of King D. Sebastião
Sebastian of Portugal
Sebastian "the Desired" was the 16th king of Portugal and the Algarves. He was the son of Prince John of Portugal and his wife, Joan of Spain...
after his disappearance in the Battle of Alcácer-Quibir
Battle of Alcácer Quibir
The Battle of Ksar El Kebir, also known as Battle of Three Kings, or "Battle of Oued El Makhazeen" in Morocco, and Battle of Alcácer Quibir in Portugal , was fought in northern Morocco, near the town of Ksar-el-Kebir and Larache, on 4 August 1578...
in August 1578. In 1815 it is edited a new edition with the title "Trovas Inéditas do Bandarra" and between 1822 and 1823 comes one more edition with the title "Verdade e Complemento das Profecias". The "Trovas do Bandarra" influenced the sebastianist and messianic thought of Priest António Vieira and Fernando Pessoa
Fernando Pessoa
Fernando Pessoa, born Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa , was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic and translator described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language.-Early years in Durban:On 13 July...
. It are three the points of Bandarra's prophetics: the Fifth Empire
Fifth Empire
The Fifth Empire, known as Quinto Império in Portuguese is a mythological concept which became widespread after the publication of the poem A Mensagem, by Fernando Pessoa.- The Concept :...
, the going and return of the Encoberto [Covered One] (after Alcácer-Quibir identified as being el-rei D. Sebastião) and the destinies of Portugal.
Works
- Trovas do Bandarra (Portuguese)
- Trovas Inedìtas de Bandarra (Portuguese)
External links
- Biography (Portuguese)
- Biography in Vidas Lusófonas (Portuguese)