Bürentogtokh, Khövsgöl
Encyclopedia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
). The area is about 3,760 km², of which 2,870 km² are pasture. In 2005, the sum had 4251 inhabitants, mainly Khalkha
Khalkha
Khalkha is the largest subgroup of Mongol people in Mongolia since 15th century. The Khalkha together with Tsahar, Ordos and Tumed, were directly ruled by the Altan Urag Khans until the 20th century; unlike the Oirat people who were ruled by the Dzungar nobles or the Khorchins who were ruled by...
and Khotgoid
Khotgoid
Khotogoid is a subgroup of Mongol people in northwestern Mongolia. The Khotogoid people live roughly between Uvs Lake to the west and the Delgermörön river to the east...
. The center,, officially named Bayan is situated on the banks of the Delgermörön
Delgermörön
The Delgermörön is a river in the Khövsgöl aimag in northern Mongolia. Together with the Ider River it is one of the sources of the Selenge River. The source is in the Ulaan Taiga range close to the Russian border, the confluence with the Ider River is in Tömörbulag. The Delgermörön is frozen...
river, 51 km west of Mörön and 722 kilometers from Ulaanbaatar.
History
Marshal ChingünjavChingünjav
Chingünjav was one of the two major leaders of the 1755 - 1756 rebellion in Outer Mongolia. Although his rebellion failed, he is nowadays often hailed as a fighter for Mongolia's independence from the Manchu, who were ruling China at that time....
, one of the two major leaders of a failed rebellion against the Manchu
Manchu
The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which...
in 1755/6, was born at Sangiin Dalai nuur
Sangiin Dalai nuur
Sangiin Dalai Lake is a salt water lake in northern Mongolia, located at the border between the Tsagaan-Uul, Shine-Ider, and Bürentogtokh sums of Khövsgöl aimag, and the Ikh-Uul sum of Zavkhan aimag. It is surrounded by mountains, hills, and rocks. In 1905, it was the site of a strong earthquake....
. The remains of his fort can still be seen a few km south of the sum center.
In 1877, Sodnomyn Damdinbazar
Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar
The Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar was a high lamaist incarnation in northwestern Mongolia, and played a high-profile role in the country's independence movement...
was inaugurated as Jalkhanz Khutagt at Jalkhanzyn Khüree, located on the territory of what is now Bürentogtokh sum. He served as Prime Minister
Prime Minister of Mongolia
The Prime Minister of Mongolia is the highest member of the Mongolian government's executive arm, and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by Parliament, and can be removed by a vote of no confidence.-Powers:...
twice, 1921 in Baron Ungern
Roman Ungern von Sternberg
Baron Roman Nikolai Maximilian von Ungern-Sternberg was a Russian Yesaul , Lieutenant-general, and a hero of World War I...
's puppet government, and 1922/23 under the MPRP
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
The Mongolian People's Party formerly the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party is an ex-communist political party in Mongolia. The party is abbreviated MPP in English and ' in Mongolian...
.
The Bürentogtokh sum was founded, together with the whole Khövsgöl aimag, in 1931. In 1933, it had about 2,600 inhabitants in 752 households, and about 90,000 heads of livestock. In 1973, the Büren and Bürenkhaan sums were dissolved and partially joined to Bürentogtokh sum. Between 1952 and 1990, Bürentogtokh was the seat of the Delgermörön negdel
Negdel
Negdel is the common term for the agricultural cooperatives in the Mongolian People's Republic. The full name is Khödöö aj axuin negdel .- Early attempts :...
.
Economy
In 2004, there were roughly 145,000 heads of livestock, among them 66,000 sheep, 63,000 goatGoat
The domestic goat is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the Bovidae family and is closely related to the sheep as both are in the goat-antelope subfamily Caprinae. There are over three hundred distinct breeds of...
s, 8,500 cattle
Cattle
Cattle are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius...
and yak
Yak
The yak, Bos grunniens or Bos mutus, is a long-haired bovine found throughout the Himalayan region of south Central Asia, the Tibetan Plateau and as far north as Mongolia and Russia. In addition to a large domestic population, there is a small, vulnerable wild yak population...
s, 7,800 horse
Horse
The horse is one of two extant subspecies of Equus ferus, or the wild horse. It is a single-hooved mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature into the large, single-toed animal of today...
s, and 190 camels
Bactrian camel
The Bactrian camel is a large, even-toed ungulate native to the steppes of central Asia. It is presently restricted in the wild to remote regions of the Gobi and Taklamakan Deserts of Mongolia and Xinjiang. A small number of wild Bactrian camels still roam the Mangystau Province of southwest...
. There is some coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
mining in the area, as well as some (unused) phosphorite
Phosphorite
Phosphorite, phosphate rock or rock phosphate is a non-detrital sedimentary rock which contains high amounts of phosphate bearing minerals. The phosphate content of phosphorite is at least 15 to 20% which is a large enrichment over the typical sedimentary rock content of less than 0.2%...
reserves. Around 2005, the sum center has been connected to the Mongolian Central Power grid via Mörön.
Interesting Places
About 20 km west of MörönMörön
- Sights :* There were 60 temples and monasteries in Mörön at the end of the 19th century. Möröngiin Chüree Khiid Monastery in which about 2500 monks were living was the most important one. It was famous for its Tsam dances. In 1937, however, the monasteries and temples of Mörön were all destroyed...
, there is a group of Deer stone
Deer stone
Deer stones are Mongolian ancient megaliths carved with symbols. The name comes from their carved depictions of flying deer. Their purpose and creators are unknown.-Geographic distribution:...
s. In 1953/56, remains of a palace and a stele from the time of Mönkh Khaan
Möngke Khan
Möngke Khan , born Möngke, , was the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire from July 1, 1251 – August 11, 1259. He was the first Great Khan from the Toluid line, and made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire during his reign...
were discovered at the border to Arbulag
Arbulag, Khövsgöl
Arbulag is a sum of Khövsgöl aimag. The area is about 3,360 km², of which 3,120 km² are pasture. In 2000, the sum had 4478 inhabitants, mainly Khotgoid and Darkhad. The center, officially named Mandal is located 75 km northwest of Mörön and 742 kilometers from Ulaanbaatar.- History :The Arbulag...
. The sum borders Sangiin Dalai nuur
Sangiin Dalai nuur
Sangiin Dalai Lake is a salt water lake in northern Mongolia, located at the border between the Tsagaan-Uul, Shine-Ider, and Bürentogtokh sums of Khövsgöl aimag, and the Ikh-Uul sum of Zavkhan aimag. It is surrounded by mountains, hills, and rocks. In 1905, it was the site of a strong earthquake....
.