Bürglen, Thurgau
Encyclopedia
Bürglen is a municipality
in the district of Weinfelden
in the canton
of Thurgau
in Switzerland
.
of Bürglen is first mentioned in 1176. By 1350, the land around the village had all been brought under a single noble and became the Herrschaft
of Bürglen. Then, in 1408, the Herrschaft was acquired by the Lords of Klingenberg. The land transferred in 1443 to Marquart Brisacher from Constance
and then in 1447, it went to the Baron of Sax-Hohensax. That family had owned in property in Bürglen since 1360. By 1500 they had built it up to become the center of their power. However, in 1550 they had to sell it to the Breitenlandenberg family, who, in turn, ceded it in 1579 to the city of St. Gallen
. The village was managed, until 1798, by a St. Gallen appointed Vogt
. The Vogt ruled over the low court
of Bürglen, Uerenbohl, Guntershausen (now Guntershausen bei Berg), Heldswil, Mettlen and Istighofen and parts of Hüttenschwil and Sulgen. In addition, after 1580 it included Mühlebach (now Mühlebach bei Amriswil), followed in 1647 by Bleiken, in 1664, Hessenreuti and finally in 1665, Amriswil.
Even though the village was fortified around 1300, it was never considered a city. This was due to the decline of the Baron and competition from other neighboring villages. After the disastrous fire in 1528, the villagers went into debt to the Herrschaft for the reconstruction of the village. To help pay off the debt, in 1540 they granted the Herrschaft rights to the common land
. Under St. Gallen, the village lost most of their autonomy. St. Gallen appointed the Ammann
and the chairman of the Lower Court, promoted the settlement of its citizens to form a local elite, and changed the succession order in inheritances. However, the local farmers enjoyed a certain independence, and in the 17th Century they promoted the expansion of the castle as well as the creation of new businesses. This relative prosperity was followed in the 18th Century, by a government practice that hindered the formation of viable village government and led to general impoverishment.
The village belonged to the parish
of Sulgen. By 1274, a village priest was mentioned and in 1346 the castle chapel was finished. The St. Leonhard chapel was first mentioned in 1504, but is of an earlier origin. The Hell Chapel was first mentioned in 1585 and burned down in 1695. Presumably both chapels were in use until the late 17th Century. After the Protestant Reformation
of 1529 the court returned to the Catholic faith, while the village remained Reformed. After St. Gallen acquired the rights to appoint a priest and collect tithe
s in 1585 from the Convent of St. Pelagius in Bischofszell, the village church was supported by Sulgen's church. This changed in 1617 when Neukirch an der Thur began providing a priest, and then in 1676, the priest was appointed by the castle. In 1809 an independent Reformed parish of Bürglen-Andwil was formed.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 5.7% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 2.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.8%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 5.2%. Out of the forested land, 16.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 55.7% is used for growing crops, while 6.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Weinfelden district. It was created in 1995 from the former Ortsgemeinden
of Bürglen, Leimbach and Opfershofen of the former Munizipalgemeinde of Bürglen as well as Istighofen, which used to be part of Bussnang. The Ortsgemeinden of Donzhausen, Hessenreuti and Uerenbohl, which used to belong to the Munizipalgemeinde of Bürglen, became part of Sulgen in 1995.
(84.1%), with Albanian
being second most common ( 5.9%) and Turkish
being third ( 3.1%).
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.9% male and 50.1% female. The population was made up of 1,160 Swiss men (36.5% of the population), and 426 (13.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,218 Swiss women (38.3%), and 374 (11.8%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 16 live births to Swiss citizens and 9 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 15 deaths of Swiss citizens and 2 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 1 while the foreign population increased by 7. There were 3 Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 28 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 21 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 53 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 23 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.5%.
The age distribution, , in Bürglen is; 285 children or 8.9% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 411 teenagers or 12.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 515 people or 16.0% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 385 people or 12.0% are between 30 and 39, 537 people or 16.7% are between 40 and 49, and 477 people or 14.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 287 people or 8.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 189 people or 5.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 112 people or 3.5% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 15 people or 0.5% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.61 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 40.4% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,233 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 406 single family homes (or 73.2% of the total) out of a total of 555 inhabited buildings. There were 48 two family buildings (8.6%), 27 three family buildings (4.9%) and 74 multi-family buildings (or 13.3%). There were 642 (or 20.1%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 1,943 (or 60.8%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 109 (or 3.4%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 23 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 20 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 25 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 52 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 2.93%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 1 new units per 1000 residents. there were 1,436 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 391. There were 45 single room apartments and 204 apartments with six or more rooms.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 39.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(21.15%), the FDP
(13%) and the SP
(9.27%). In the federal election, a total of 807 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 41.6%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
there were 2,291 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,194 or about 52.1% of the residents worked outside Bürglen while 718 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,815 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 10.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 51.1% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there are 81 individuals (or about 2.53% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 115 individuals (or about 3.60% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There were 2 individuals (or about 0.06% of the population) who were Jewish
, and 446 (or about 13.95% of the population) who are Islam
ic. There are 4 individuals (or about 0.13% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 161 (or about 5.04% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
or atheist
, and 104 individuals (or about 3.25% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
Bürglen is home to the Bürglen primary and secondary school district
. In the 2008/2009 school year there were 278 students. There were 56 children in the kindergarten
, and the average class size was 18.67 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 29 or 51.8% were female, 25 or 44.6% were not Swiss citizens and 25 or 44.6% did not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and last for 6 years. There were 96 children in who were at the lower primary level and 126 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school was 20.3 students. At the lower primary level, there were 52 children or 54.2% of the total population who were female, 38 or 39.6% were not Swiss citizens and 37 or 38.5% did not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there were 61 or 48.4% who were female, 31 or 24.6% were not Swiss citizens and 33 or 26.2% did not speak German natively.
At the secondary level, students are divided according to performance. The secondary level begins at about age 12 and usually lasts 3 years. There were 183 teenagers who were in special or remedial classes, of which 69 or 37.7% were female, 56 or 30.6% were not Swiss citizens and 67 or 36.6% did not speak German natively.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Weinfelden
Weinfelden (district)
Weinfelden District is one of the five districts of the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. It has a population of . Its capital is the town of Weinfelden.The district contains the following municipalities:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Thurgau
Thurgau
Thurgau is a northeast canton of Switzerland. The population, , is . In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 who were resident foreigners. The capital is Frauenfeld.-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Bürglen is first mentioned in 1282-84 as Burgelon. A FreiherrFreiherr
The German titles Freiherr and Freifrau and Freiin are titles of nobility, used preceding a person's given name or, after 1919, before the surname...
of Bürglen is first mentioned in 1176. By 1350, the land around the village had all been brought under a single noble and became the Herrschaft
Herrschaft (territory)
In the German feudal system, a Herrschaft or Herrlichkeit was the fiefdom of a lord, who in this area exercised his full feudal rights...
of Bürglen. Then, in 1408, the Herrschaft was acquired by the Lords of Klingenberg. The land transferred in 1443 to Marquart Brisacher from Constance
Constance
Constance is a female given name that derives from Latin and means "constant." Variations of the name include Connie, Constancia, Constanze, Constanza, Stanzy, and Konstanze.Constance may refer to:-People:*Constance Bennett , American actress...
and then in 1447, it went to the Baron of Sax-Hohensax. That family had owned in property in Bürglen since 1360. By 1500 they had built it up to become the center of their power. However, in 1550 they had to sell it to the Breitenlandenberg family, who, in turn, ceded it in 1579 to the city of St. Gallen
St. Gallen
St. Gallen is the capital of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. The town mainly relies on the service sector for its economic...
. The village was managed, until 1798, by a St. Gallen appointed Vogt
Vogt
A Vogt ; plural Vögte; Dutch voogd; Danish foged; ; ultimately from Latin [ad]vocatus) in the Holy Roman Empire was the German title of a reeve or advocate, an overlord exerting guardianship or military protection as well as secular justice...
. The Vogt ruled over the low court
High, middle and low justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judiciary power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents....
of Bürglen, Uerenbohl, Guntershausen (now Guntershausen bei Berg), Heldswil, Mettlen and Istighofen and parts of Hüttenschwil and Sulgen. In addition, after 1580 it included Mühlebach (now Mühlebach bei Amriswil), followed in 1647 by Bleiken, in 1664, Hessenreuti and finally in 1665, Amriswil.
Even though the village was fortified around 1300, it was never considered a city. This was due to the decline of the Baron and competition from other neighboring villages. After the disastrous fire in 1528, the villagers went into debt to the Herrschaft for the reconstruction of the village. To help pay off the debt, in 1540 they granted the Herrschaft rights to the common land
The commons
The commons is terminology referring to resources that are owned in common or shared between or among communities populations. These resources are said to be "held in common" and can include everything from natural resources and common land to software. The commons contains public property and...
. Under St. Gallen, the village lost most of their autonomy. St. Gallen appointed the Ammann
Bezirksamtmann
Bezirksamtmann is a German administrative title of gubernatorial or lower rank, roughly translating as and equivalent to District Officer-Colonial use:...
and the chairman of the Lower Court, promoted the settlement of its citizens to form a local elite, and changed the succession order in inheritances. However, the local farmers enjoyed a certain independence, and in the 17th Century they promoted the expansion of the castle as well as the creation of new businesses. This relative prosperity was followed in the 18th Century, by a government practice that hindered the formation of viable village government and led to general impoverishment.
The village belonged to the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Sulgen. By 1274, a village priest was mentioned and in 1346 the castle chapel was finished. The St. Leonhard chapel was first mentioned in 1504, but is of an earlier origin. The Hell Chapel was first mentioned in 1585 and burned down in 1695. Presumably both chapels were in use until the late 17th Century. After the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
of 1529 the court returned to the Catholic faith, while the village remained Reformed. After St. Gallen acquired the rights to appoint a priest and collect tithe
Tithe
A tithe is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash, cheques, or stocks, whereas historically tithes were required and paid in kind, such as agricultural products...
s in 1585 from the Convent of St. Pelagius in Bischofszell, the village church was supported by Sulgen's church. This changed in 1617 when Neukirch an der Thur began providing a priest, and then in 1676, the priest was appointed by the castle. In 1809 an independent Reformed parish of Bürglen-Andwil was formed.
Geography
Bürglen has an area, , of 11.68 square kilometres (4.5 sq mi). Of this area, 7.25 km² (2.8 sq mi) or 62.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 2.04 km² (0.787648403528771 sq mi) or 17.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.02 km² (0.779926360356921 sq mi) or 17.3% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.3 km² (0.115830647577761 sq mi) or 2.6% is either rivers or lakes and 0.06 km² (14.8 acre) or 0.5% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 5.7% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 2.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.8%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 5.2%. Out of the forested land, 16.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 55.7% is used for growing crops, while 6.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Weinfelden district. It was created in 1995 from the former Ortsgemeinden
Bürgergemeinde
The Bürgergemeinde is a statutory corporation in public law in Switzerland...
of Bürglen, Leimbach and Opfershofen of the former Munizipalgemeinde of Bürglen as well as Istighofen, which used to be part of Bussnang. The Ortsgemeinden of Donzhausen, Hessenreuti and Uerenbohl, which used to belong to the Munizipalgemeinde of Bürglen, became part of Sulgen in 1995.
Demographics
Bürglen has a population ({as of||lc=on}}) of , 25.2% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of -8.7%. Most of the population speaks GermanGerman language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(84.1%), with Albanian
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
being second most common ( 5.9%) and Turkish
Turkish language
Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,...
being third ( 3.1%).
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.9% male and 50.1% female. The population was made up of 1,160 Swiss men (36.5% of the population), and 426 (13.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 1,218 Swiss women (38.3%), and 374 (11.8%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 16 live births to Swiss citizens and 9 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 15 deaths of Swiss citizens and 2 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 1 while the foreign population increased by 7. There were 3 Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 28 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 21 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 53 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 23 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.5%.
The age distribution, , in Bürglen is; 285 children or 8.9% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 411 teenagers or 12.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 515 people or 16.0% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 385 people or 12.0% are between 30 and 39, 537 people or 16.7% are between 40 and 49, and 477 people or 14.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 287 people or 8.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 189 people or 5.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 112 people or 3.5% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 15 people or 0.5% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.61 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 40.4% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 1,233 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 406 single family homes (or 73.2% of the total) out of a total of 555 inhabited buildings. There were 48 two family buildings (8.6%), 27 three family buildings (4.9%) and 74 multi-family buildings (or 13.3%). There were 642 (or 20.1%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 1,943 (or 60.8%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 109 (or 3.4%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 23 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 20 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 25 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 52 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 2.93%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 1 new units per 1000 residents. there were 1,436 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 391. There were 45 single room apartments and 204 apartments with six or more rooms.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 39.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(21.15%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(13%) and the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(9.27%). In the federal election, a total of 807 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 41.6%.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1450 | c. 250 |
| 1634 | 153 |
| 1682 | 435 |
| 1797 | 420 |
| 1850 | 442 |
| 1900 | 1,238 |
| 1950 | 1,714 |
| 1990 | 2,323 |
| 2000 | 3,197 |
Sights
The entire city of Bürglen is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage SitesInventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
Economy
, Bürglen had an unemployment rate of 1.89%. , there were 132 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 46 businesses involved in this sector. 483 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 50 businesses in this sector. 648 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 110 businesses in this sector.there were 2,291 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,194 or about 52.1% of the residents worked outside Bürglen while 718 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,815 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 10.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 51.1% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 964 or 30.2% were Roman Catholic, while 1,320 or 41.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there are 81 individuals (or about 2.53% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 115 individuals (or about 3.60% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There were 2 individuals (or about 0.06% of the population) who were Jewish
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...
, and 446 (or about 13.95% of the population) who are Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic. There are 4 individuals (or about 0.13% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 161 (or about 5.04% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 104 individuals (or about 3.25% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Bürglen about 61% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
Bürglen is home to the Bürglen primary and secondary school district
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
. In the 2008/2009 school year there were 278 students. There were 56 children in the kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
, and the average class size was 18.67 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 29 or 51.8% were female, 25 or 44.6% were not Swiss citizens and 25 or 44.6% did not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and last for 6 years. There were 96 children in who were at the lower primary level and 126 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school was 20.3 students. At the lower primary level, there were 52 children or 54.2% of the total population who were female, 38 or 39.6% were not Swiss citizens and 37 or 38.5% did not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there were 61 or 48.4% who were female, 31 or 24.6% were not Swiss citizens and 33 or 26.2% did not speak German natively.
At the secondary level, students are divided according to performance. The secondary level begins at about age 12 and usually lasts 3 years. There were 183 teenagers who were in special or remedial classes, of which 69 or 37.7% were female, 56 or 30.6% were not Swiss citizens and 67 or 36.6% did not speak German natively.