Caazapá Department
Encyclopedia
Caazapá is a department
in Paraguay
. The capital is the city of Caazapá
. Among Paraguayans, the department is well known for its orange
and mandarin trees, and for its forest hills. The eastern part of Caazapa is relatively undeveloped and consists of rolling hills and large swaths of Brazilian Atlantic interior rainforest between the San Rafael mountains to the south and the Yvytyrysy mountains to the north. The Western part is an area of low-lying marshes and swampland area, and consists of wetlands and tributaries to eastern Paraguay's largest river, the Tebicuary. Many indigenous groups make their home in what remains of the rainforest especially south of the unpaved highway between San Juan Nepomuceno and Tavaí
. Mby'a
and Guayaki
people, who practice farming corn, cassava and yerba mate under the canopy of the forest live in small bands and travel mainly by foot. They are technically protected and their land is a national reserve, but illegal loggers, ranchers and more recently, Brazil
ian soybean growers have encroached upon their territory. With Paraguay's weak legal infrastructure, little can be done by way of enforcement or sanctions.
:
religious missions in Paraguay
, who found several towns, where they accomplished to accept the natives of 10 years of patronage. It is one of the first Missions established in Río de la Plata
.
The central region of the country, such as Caazapá is the region that helped the most to consolidate and form the history of Paraguay. The presence of the Franciscans in the Missions Yuty and Caazapá is a process that started in 1607 and continued through the 17th and 18th centuries. In 1786, the Mission San Juan Nepomuceno was found, which helped, along with other localities to work and exploit the land.
In 1906, by law, Caazapá was constituted as the department No. 6 of Paraguay, being the city of the same name, its capital. Since 1973 the limits weren’t modified and stay the same until these days.
In the late 19th century, the Australian colonials settled in this department to found a socialist colony. Until now, descendants of those colonials live in the town. One of the most notorious personalities that are descendant of these colonials is the comic book writer Robin Wood
. Other famous people from Caazapá are:
To the North, it limits with the Guairá Department
To the South with Itapúa
,
To the East with Alto Paraná
and
To the West with Misiones
and Paraguarí
.
The Caazapá Cordillera, Monte Rosario and San Rafael chain of mountains cross throughout the department from East to West, with some hills of medium high such as Mbatovi, Ñú Cañy, Pacurí and Morotí. This cordillera separates the land in two different regions, to the north-east, there are meadows, lagoons, swamps and fields for agriculture; to the south-east there are hills and forests.
The Pirapó River flows into the Tebiacuary River, in the center area of the department. In Caazapá are the sources of two streams, Capiíbary and Ypety.
The streams Iñaro, Guazú and Charará are located in the territory of Caazapá as well.
The whole department is in the Central Forest Region. The wooded landscape has suffered the consequences of being used for breeding cattle and the abused of technology that affects the soil, being both situations a problem for the natural environment in this area.
There are some vegetable species that are in danger, such as yvyra paje, yvyra asy and nandyta. Among the animal species in danger are the tiririca, margay, lobopé and aira’y.
The protected areas are:
Caaguazú National Park, with 16.000 hectares.
Golondrina Private Reserve, with 24.077 hectares.
, wanting to convince the natives of the existence of God, hit the rock and the water surged; creating a miracle that would convince them.
In the city Maciel, there is an old train station.
The hills Mbatovi, Ñu Cañy, Pacuri and the Serranía del Rosario, are also very attractive for the tourists.
The rivers Tebicuary, Tebicuary-mi, Pirapó and Capiibary are interesting recreational places to go swimming.
, soy, sweet, cane
, corn
and manioc. The production of soy grains is so abundant that this department is called “The Farm of the Oriental Region”.
The forestall exploit was a great part of the department’s economic activity 30 years ago, but has diminished in the later years.
There are not much industries in the region, but the ones that are, dedicate to processing of food, honey, sweet cane and starch.
The railway Carlos Antonio López used to cross the department from North to South, 96 kilometers of extension, and included the road San Salvador
– Abaí
.
The rivers that bathe Caazapá are navigable for small ships. The department also has airstrips for small and medium planes.
Caazapá also has several television and radio stations, such as Hechizo SRL, in AM and Yeruti Comunicaciones, Itacurú SRL, La Voz de Bolaños, Caazapá Poty, Tupa Renda, La Victoria SA, Aguaí Poty and 94.3 in FM.
There are 28.276 housings in the department, 5.765 in the urban area and 22.511 in the rural area. The percentage of which count with basic facilities are the following:
Electrical power: 16,1%
Running water: 5,8%
Trash recollection: 0,3%
The education in the department includes education about the natives of the country.
Department (subnational entity)
Department is the name given to the administrative and political subdivisions of many countries.As a territorial unit, "department" was first used by the French Revolutionary governments, apparently to emphasize that each territory was simply an administrative sub-division of the united sovereign...
in Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
. The capital is the city of Caazapá
Caazapá
Caazapá is a city in Paraguay, founded in 1607, by Friar Luis de Bolaños. It is located in the Caazapá District and is the capital of the Caazapá Department...
. Among Paraguayans, the department is well known for its orange
Orange (fruit)
An orange—specifically, the sweet orange—is the citrus Citrus × sinensis and its fruit. It is the most commonly grown tree fruit in the world....
and mandarin trees, and for its forest hills. The eastern part of Caazapa is relatively undeveloped and consists of rolling hills and large swaths of Brazilian Atlantic interior rainforest between the San Rafael mountains to the south and the Yvytyrysy mountains to the north. The Western part is an area of low-lying marshes and swampland area, and consists of wetlands and tributaries to eastern Paraguay's largest river, the Tebicuary. Many indigenous groups make their home in what remains of the rainforest especially south of the unpaved highway between San Juan Nepomuceno and Tavaí
Tavaí
Tavaí is a village in the Caazapá department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com...
. Mby'a
Mbyá Guaraní
Mbyá Guaraní is a Tupi–Guaraní language spoken 16,050 Brazilians, 3,000 Argentines, and 8,000 Paraguayans. It is 75% lexically similar to Paraguayan Guaraní.Mbyá Guaraní is one of a number of "Guaraní dialects" now generally classified as distinct languages....
and Guayaki
Aché
The Aché Indians are a traditional hunter-gatherer tribe living in Paraguay. They are called "Guayakí" by Guaraní-speaking neighbors and in early anthropological accounts...
people, who practice farming corn, cassava and yerba mate under the canopy of the forest live in small bands and travel mainly by foot. They are technically protected and their land is a national reserve, but illegal loggers, ranchers and more recently, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian soybean growers have encroached upon their territory. With Paraguay's weak legal infrastructure, little can be done by way of enforcement or sanctions.
Districts
The department is divided in 10 districtsDistricts of Paraguay
||The departments of Paraguay are divided into districts .-List of districts:List of districts of Paraguay, showing the population and the department. This district was created after the 2002 Census....
:
| District | Population | ||
| Urban Urban area An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlets.Urban areas are created and further... |
Rural | Total | |
| Abaí Abaí Abaí is a town in the Caazapá department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
2,640 | 23,535 | 26,175 |
| Buena Vista Buena Vista (Paraguay) Buena Vista is a city in Paraguay, Caazapa department; the beginning of this city was the result of the new political division of the country on June 25, 1945.-Weather:Temperatures range from 21°C to 37°C in summer, in winter the minimum is 1°C... |
1,416 | 3,924 | 5,340 |
| Caazapá Caazapá Caazapá is a city in Paraguay, founded in 1607, by Friar Luis de Bolaños. It is located in the Caazapá District and is the capital of the Caazapá Department... |
5,990 | 16,382 | 22,372 |
| Doctor Moisés Bertoni | 330 | 4,286 | 4,616 |
| Fulgencio Yegros Yegros Yegros is a town in the Caazapá department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
1,067 | 4,891 | 5,958 |
| General Higinio Morínigo General Higinio Morínigo General Higinio Morínigo is a town in the Caazapá department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
1,242 | 4,257 | 5,499 |
| Maciel | 431 | 3,526 | 3,957 |
| San Juan Nepomuceno | 6,937 | 17,306 | 24,243 |
| Tavaí Tavaí Tavaí is a village in the Caazapá department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
656 | 12,698 | 13,354 |
| Yuty Yuty Yuty is a town in the Caazapá department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com... |
4,299 | 23,704 | 28,003 |
History
Its history is bound to the first franciscanFranciscan
Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
religious missions in Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
, who found several towns, where they accomplished to accept the natives of 10 years of patronage. It is one of the first Missions established in Río de la Plata
Río de la Plata
The Río de la Plata —sometimes rendered River Plate in British English and the Commonwealth, and occasionally rendered [La] Plata River in other English-speaking countries—is the river and estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay River and the Paraná River on the border between Argentina and...
.
The central region of the country, such as Caazapá is the region that helped the most to consolidate and form the history of Paraguay. The presence of the Franciscans in the Missions Yuty and Caazapá is a process that started in 1607 and continued through the 17th and 18th centuries. In 1786, the Mission San Juan Nepomuceno was found, which helped, along with other localities to work and exploit the land.
In 1906, by law, Caazapá was constituted as the department No. 6 of Paraguay, being the city of the same name, its capital. Since 1973 the limits weren’t modified and stay the same until these days.
In the late 19th century, the Australian colonials settled in this department to found a socialist colony. Until now, descendants of those colonials live in the town. One of the most notorious personalities that are descendant of these colonials is the comic book writer Robin Wood
Robin Wood (comics)
-Biography:Of Paraguayan-Australian origins, Wood spent his childhood between Paraguay and Argentina with his mother, before leaving to do various jobs, such as dishwasher, truck driver, salesman, wood chopper, journalist and factory worker in those two countries as well as in Brazil...
. Other famous people from Caazapá are:
- M. D. Pedro N. Ciancio, the first pediatrician of ParaguayParaguayParaguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
, and who brought to the country the first grains of soy. - M. D. Pedro Duarte Ortellado, creator of the Ministry of Health and its first minister.
- Félix PaivaFélix PaivaFélix Paiva was Paraguayan politician from the Liberal Party.He studied law and worked as university teacher, rector of the University and president of the Supreme Court...
, lawyer and President of the Republic between 1937 and 1939. - Maria Concepción Leyes de Chávez, writer.
- Miguel Ángel Pangrazio, lawyer and writer.
- Ana Iris Chávez de Ferreiro, poet and writer.
- Felipe SosaFelipe SosaHe was a guitar player, composer and guitar Paraguayan teacher.He was born in 1945, in Caazapá, city of the department with the same name in Paraguay.-Childhood and Youth:...
, guitar player. - Father José de Jesús Aguirre, writer and psychologistPsychologistPsychologist is a professional or academic title used by individuals who are either:* Clinical professionals who work with patients in a variety of therapeutic contexts .* Scientists conducting psychological research or teaching psychology in a college...
. - Monsignor Saro VeraSaro VeraMonsignor Saro Wilfrido Vera Troche was a religious man of ParaguayBorn on October 6, 1922 in the company of Rosario Tatuy Caazapá Department Paraguay, in a peasant family of profound popular religiosity....
, writer.
Limits
Located south-east in the Oriental Región of Paraguay, between parallels 25° 30´ and 26° 45´ of latitude South, and between the meridians 55° 15´ and 56° 45´ of latitude West.To the North, it limits with the Guairá Department
Guairá Department
Guairá is a department in Paraguay. The capital is the city of Villarrica.It covers a surface of , with a population of 178130 inhabitants .You can get there through the Road nª8 Blas Garay...
To the South with Itapúa
Itapúa Department
Itapúa is a department in the southern region of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Encarnación. It is divided into 30 districts, making it the department with the most districts in the country.-History:...
,
To the East with Alto Paraná
Alto Paraná Department
Alto Paraná is a department in Paraguay. The capital is Ciudad del Este .The Alto Paraná department has experienced tremendous economic and population growth in the past 50 years...
and
To the West with Misiones
Misiones Department
Misiones is a department located in the southern region of Paraguay. Its capital is San Juan Bautista. The eighth of Paraguay's 17 departments, it was created in 1906, then known as the San Ignacio Department, and was not given its present name until 1945...
and Paraguarí
Paraguarí Department
Paraguarí is a departamento in Paraguay. At the 2002 census it had a population of 221,932. The capital is the city of Paraguarí.- History :...
.
Climate
The highest temperatures reach 37 °C and the lowest drop to 1 °C, the average is 21 °C. It is one of the departments with more quantity of precipitation.Orography and soil
The soil is composed by sandstone from the Carboniferous period, of fluvial and glacial origin. The land form low hills with no more than 200 meters in height and rise towards the Ybyturuzú Cordillera.The Caazapá Cordillera, Monte Rosario and San Rafael chain of mountains cross throughout the department from East to West, with some hills of medium high such as Mbatovi, Ñú Cañy, Pacurí and Morotí. This cordillera separates the land in two different regions, to the north-east, there are meadows, lagoons, swamps and fields for agriculture; to the south-east there are hills and forests.
Hydrography
The Tebicuary River crosses the department from East to West, also the South of the department and serves as limit with Itapúa department. The Tebicuary-mi River serves as limit with Paraguarí.The Pirapó River flows into the Tebiacuary River, in the center area of the department. In Caazapá are the sources of two streams, Capiíbary and Ypety.
The streams Iñaro, Guazú and Charará are located in the territory of Caazapá as well.
Natural environment and vegetation
The natural environment of the region and all along the Caaguazú Cordillera is great example of the vast vegetation in the country.The whole department is in the Central Forest Region. The wooded landscape has suffered the consequences of being used for breeding cattle and the abused of technology that affects the soil, being both situations a problem for the natural environment in this area.
There are some vegetable species that are in danger, such as yvyra paje, yvyra asy and nandyta. Among the animal species in danger are the tiririca, margay, lobopé and aira’y.
The protected areas are:
Caaguazú National Park, with 16.000 hectares.
Golondrina Private Reserve, with 24.077 hectares.
Tourism
The Franciscan Museum is a much visited place by the tourists. Also, the Ykua Bolaños, which is a spring with a particular legend. The legend tells that a Priest, Luis de BolañosLuis de Bolaños
Luis de Bolaños was a Spanish Franciscan friar and missionary evangelist, initiator of the system of reductions in Paraguay and northeastern Argentina....
, wanting to convince the natives of the existence of God, hit the rock and the water surged; creating a miracle that would convince them.
In the city Maciel, there is an old train station.
The hills Mbatovi, Ñu Cañy, Pacuri and the Serranía del Rosario, are also very attractive for the tourists.
The rivers Tebicuary, Tebicuary-mi, Pirapó and Capiibary are interesting recreational places to go swimming.
Economy
Caazapá produces cottonCotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....
, soy, sweet, cane
Sugarcane
Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...
, corn
Maize
Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...
and manioc. The production of soy grains is so abundant that this department is called “The Farm of the Oriental Region”.
The forestall exploit was a great part of the department’s economic activity 30 years ago, but has diminished in the later years.
There are not much industries in the region, but the ones that are, dedicate to processing of food, honey, sweet cane and starch.
Communication and services
The most important way of access to the department is Route No. 8 “Dr. Blas Garay”, which joins the routes No 2 and 7 in Coronel Oviedo. It communicates Caazapá with the rest of the country.The railway Carlos Antonio López used to cross the department from North to South, 96 kilometers of extension, and included the road San Salvador
San Salvador (Paraguay)
San Salvador is a district of the Guairá Department, Paraguay.It is located in 18 kilometers southwest of Villarrica, the capital of the department, over the old train rails...
– Abaí
Abaí
Abaí is a town in the Caazapá department of Paraguay.- Sources :* – World-Gazetteer.com...
.
The rivers that bathe Caazapá are navigable for small ships. The department also has airstrips for small and medium planes.
Caazapá also has several television and radio stations, such as Hechizo SRL, in AM and Yeruti Comunicaciones, Itacurú SRL, La Voz de Bolaños, Caazapá Poty, Tupa Renda, La Victoria SA, Aguaí Poty and 94.3 in FM.
There are 28.276 housings in the department, 5.765 in the urban area and 22.511 in the rural area. The percentage of which count with basic facilities are the following:
Electrical power: 16,1%
Running water: 5,8%
Trash recollection: 0,3%
Education
Caazapá has 205 educational institutions, 402 elemental schools and 51 high schools.The education in the department includes education about the natives of the country.