Cope & Stewardson
Encyclopedia
Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr College is a women's liberal arts college located in Bryn Mawr, a community in Lower Merion Township, Pennsylvania, ten miles west of Philadelphia. The name "Bryn Mawr" means "big hill" in Welsh....
, Princeton University
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
, the University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...
, and Washington University in St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis is a private research university located in suburban St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1853, and named for George Washington, the university has students and faculty from all fifty U.S. states and more than 110 nations...
. In 1912, the firm was succeeded by Stewardson & Page formed by Emlyn Stewardson and George Page.
Style and influence
Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr College is a women's liberal arts college located in Bryn Mawr, a community in Lower Merion Township, Pennsylvania, ten miles west of Philadelphia. The name "Bryn Mawr" means "big hill" in Welsh....
(1886), where, ironically, they replaced Cope's mentor Addison Hutton
Addison Hutton
Addison Hutton was a Philadelphia architect who designed prominent residences in Philadelphia and its suburbs, plus courthouses, hospitals, and libraries, including the Ridgway Library and the Historical Society of Pennsylvania...
as campus architects. Commissions shortly followed for buildings on the campuses of the University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, and Washington University in St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis is a private research university located in suburban St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1853, and named for George Washington, the university has students and faculty from all fifty U.S. states and more than 110 nations...
(serving as administrative buildings for the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair). Although these academic buildings were their hallmark, other projects included residential, commercial, institution, and industrial buildings.
As important as their contribution to the architecture of Philadelphia and its environs is the role which Cope & Stewardson played in architectural education. Great numbers of young apprentices and would-be architects passed their days of training in the office, making it a general stopping place for many architects who would later become famous in their own right. In 1923 the annual T-Square club exhibition catalog published a photograph of the Cope & Stewardson office from about 1899. Included in the number of partners and younger architects are: Walter Cope; John A. MacMahon; James O. Betelle (later of Newark, NJ); Emlyn Stewardson; S. A. Cloud; Wetherill P. Trout; Herbert C. Wise; James P. Jamieson
Jamieson and Spearl
Jamieson and Spearl was a St. Louis, Missouri architectural firm that designed most of the buildings built at Washington University at St. Louis and the University of Missouri between 1912 and 1950.-Biography:...
; Eugene S. Powers; E. Perot Bissell; Louise Stavely; Charles H. Bauer (later in Newark, NJ); William Woodburn Potter; John Molitor, Camillo Porecca; and C. Wharton Churchman.
Walter Cope (1860–1902)
In 1860, Walter Cope was born in Philadelphia to Thomas P. Cope and Elizabeth Waln Stokes Cope. After graduating from the Germantown Friends SchoolGermantown Friends School
Germantown Friends School is a coeducational K-12 school in the Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States under the supervision of Germantown Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends . It is governed by a School Committee whose members are drawn mainly...
, he attended classes at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts is a museum and art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1805 and is the oldest art museum and school in the United States. The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th and 20th century American paintings,...
in 1883. In 1885 the firm of Cope & Stewardson was established.
Cope was a founding member of the T-Square Club in 1883 and later served as vice-president, secretary, treasurer, president, and as a member of the executive committee. He was also a Professor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania from 1892 to 1902. After teaching at Penn, he became a Professor at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. He died after suffering a stroke in 1902.
Cope was also part of the investigating committee appointed to study conditions governing the new State Capitol Building competition in 1901. From 1896 to 1898 he was chairman of the committee on the restoration of Independence Hall.
John Stewardson (1858–1896)
John Stewardson, son of Thomas and Margaret Haines Stewardson, was born in 1858. His early education had been in private Christian schools in the Philadelphia area. He continued his studies at Adams Academy in Quincy, Massachusetts from 1873 to 1877.After graduation, he entered Harvard College
Harvard College
Harvard College, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is one of two schools within Harvard University granting undergraduate degrees...
, but left in 1878. He briefly continued his studies at the University of Pennsylvania and then joined the Atelier Pascal in Paris, France. In 1882 he returned to Philadelphia, working first in T. P. Chandler
Theophilus Parsons Chandler, Jr.
Theophilus Parsons Chandler, Jr. was a Philadelphia architect best remembered for his churches and country houses. He founded the Department of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania , and was its first head.-Career:...
's office and then in the office of Frank Furness
Frank Furness
Frank Heyling Furness was an acclaimed American architect of the Victorian era. He designed more than 600 buildings, most in the Philadelphia area, and is remembered for his eclectic, muscular, often idiosyncratically scaled buildings, and for his influence on the Chicago architect Louis Sullivan...
.
In 1884 he returned to Europe to travel through Italy and Belgium. A year later, he joined in personal practice with Walter Cope. They were joined in 1887 by John's younger brother Emlyn L. Stewardson, who had recently graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a degree in civil engineering
Civil engineering
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings...
.
In 1892, Stewardson joined the University of Pennsylvania as staff lecturer in their new School of Architecture. He was also one of the founding members of the T-Square Club, serving in 1885 and 1891 as president of that organization. He also served as treasurer of the Philadelphia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects
American Institute of Architects
The American Institute of Architects is a professional organization for architects in the United States. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., the AIA offers education, government advocacy, community redevelopment, and public outreach to support the architecture profession and improve its public image...
(AIA) in 1886.
He is credited with the taste for English Gothic Revival which Cope & Stewardson used in their collegiate buildings. Talbot Hamlin, in his biographical description, for the Dictionary of American Biography notes that, following Stewardson's trip to England in 1894, the buildings at the University of Pennsylvania, which were on the boards at the time, changed from stone structures to brick with stone trim.
Stewardson died in 1896 after a skating accident on the Schuylkill River
Schuylkill River
The Schuylkill River is a river in Pennsylvania. It is a designated Pennsylvania Scenic River.The river is about long. Its watershed of about lies entirely within the state of Pennsylvania. The source of its eastern branch is in the Appalachian Mountains at Tuscarora Springs, near Tamaqua in...
, where he had gone for an afternoon's outing with his friend, the architect Wilson Eyre
Wilson Eyre
Wilson Eyre, Jr. was an influential American architect, teacher and writer who practiced in the Philadelphia area...
. Following his funeral his fellow architects established a fund, now known as the prestigious Stewardson Fellowship, which is awarded annually to promising young architects from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to study architecture abroad.
Selected Buildings
Bryn Mawr College
- Radnor Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1890)
- Denbigh Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1891)
- Dalton Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1893)
- Pembroke Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1894)
- Rockefeller Hall, Bryn Mawr College (1904)
- M. Carey Thomas Library, Bryn Mawr College (1906)
Princeton University
- Blair Hall, Princeton University (1896)http://www.princeton.edu/~oktour/virtualtour/english/Stop12.htm
- The Ivy ClubThe Ivy ClubThe Ivy Club is the oldest eating club at Princeton University. It was founded in 1879 with Arthur Hawley Scribner as its first head. The members of each class are selected through the bicker process, a series of ten screening interviews, which are followed by discussions amongst the members as...
, Princeton University (1897) - Stafford Little Hall, Princeton University (1898)http://www.panoramio.com/photo/2648496
- University Gymnasium, Princeton University (1902)
University of Pennsylvania
- Quadrangle Dormitories, University of Pennsylvania (1895)http://www.upenn.edu/admissions/tour/tourstop.php?stop=20
- Law SchoolLaw schoolA law school is an institution specializing in legal education.- Law degrees :- Canada :...
, University of Pennsylvania (1898-01) - Towne Building, University of Pennsylvania (1903–05)http://www.upenn.edu/admissions/tour/tourstop.php?stop=12
- Veterinary School, University of Pennsylvania (1906–11)
- St. Anthony HallSt. Anthony HallSt. Anthony Hall, also known as Saint Anthony Hall and The Order of St. Anthony, is a national college literary society also known as the Fraternity of Delta Psi at colleges in the United States of America. St...
Fraternity, University of Pennsylvania (c. 1908) - Bennett Hall, University of Pennsylvania (1910)
- Leidy Labs (Zoology), University of Pennsylvania (1911)http://www.upenn.edu/admissions/tour/tourstop.php?stop=21
Washington University in St. Louis
- Busch Hall, Washington University, St. Louis (1900)
- Cupples Hall I, Washington University, St. Louis (1901)
- Cupples Hall II, Washington University, St. Louis (1901)
- Prince Hall, Washington University, St. Louis (1901, demolished 2006)
- Ridgley Hall and Holmes Lounge, Washington University, St. Louis (1902)
- Umrath Hall, Washington University, St. Louis (1902)
- Eads Hall, Washington University, St. Louis (1902)
- Francis Gymnasium, Washington University, St. Louis (1902)
- Brookings HallBrookings HallBrookings Hall is a Collegiate Gothic landmark on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. The building, first named "University Hall", was built between 1900 and 1902 and served as the administrative center for the 1904 World's Fair...
, Washington University, St. Louis (1902) - McMillan Hall, Washington University, St. Louis (1907)
- Graham Chapel, Washington University, St. Louis (1909)
Buildings Elsewhere
- Gray GablesGray Gables (Darlington, Maryland)Gray Gables is a historic home located at Darlington, Harford County, Maryland. It is an 1880s Queen Anne style frame house, featuring an irregular plan, projecting bays, steeply pitched multiple gables, and wooden shingles...
, Darlington, MarylandDarlington, MarylandDarlington is an unincorporated village in northeastern Harford County, Maryland, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district in 1987 with approximately 100 contributing properties .-Community:Local children attend the Darlington Elementary...
(c. 1885) - AnoatokAnoatokAnoatok , now Kane Manor, was built by the widow of American Civil War General Thomas L. Kane. The mansion's name alludes to the exploits of the late General's brother, Elisha Kane, the Arctic explorer. Anoatok is located in Kane, Pennsylvania, in McKean County...
(Kane Manor Inn), Kane, PennsylvaniaKane, PennsylvaniaKane is a borough in McKean County, Pennsylvania, east by south of Erie. It was founded in 1863 by Civil War general Thomas L. Kane at an elevated site 2210 feet above sea level. In the early part of the twentieth century, Kane had large glassworks, bottle works, lumber mills, and manufactures of...
(1896) - Overbrook School for the BlindOverbrook School for the BlindThe Overbrook School for the Blind was established in 1832 in Overbrook, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They produced the first embossed book in America, the Gospel of Mark and the first magazine for the blind.-History:...
(1899) - College of Physicians of Philadelphia (1909)