Düsseldorf-Unterbach
Encyclopedia
Unterbach was a local borough of Erkrath
, Germany
, until 1975, when it became an urban borough of Düsseldorf
in a local reorganisation. A portion of the pre-1975 Unterbach remains as the borough of Erkrath-Unterfeldhaus. The eastern end of the borough of Düsseldorf-Vennhausen
was attached to Unterbach during the reorganisation since it was already culturally associated with Unterbach.
House Unterbach was probably established in the times of the Carolingian dynasty. Probably from fear for the Hungarians, who burned down Gerresheim
and its the neighboring place nearly completely, the area was for the first time removed around 900 AD to the castle.
As a knight's seat it is recorded in 1169 for the first time. Probably around 1300 it came then to the today's substantial development of the attachment with encircling walls up to 1.20 meters thick, four towers with walls up to two meters thick, surrounded by a broad water ditch. Parts of the circulating wall and three of the towers are still perceptible today, i.e. a gate tower, a court tower and a round tower. A further round tower, which was formerly on the left, was torn off at the height of the manor-house and integrated into this. Parts of the course bridge mechanism are likewise still to be seen in the gate tower. Beside it are still further authentic knight material stores in the towers. The towers are 10 meters high up to 9 meters in diameter. Probably one of them was in former times once higher. The garden plantings of the castle and the surrounding area were created by the well-known landscape architect Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe, to whose numerous works also belongs the Hofgarten and the world-famous Königsallee
.
colonizing one operated approximately, of it street names witnessed such as Vennstrasse (fen street), as well as large ones and small peat break. Details are however not well known. Unterbach is separated by a forest belt from the close-lying boroughs of Düsseldorf. The first hills of the Bergisches Land
terminate here at the lower Rhine level and give Unterbach, in comparison to remaining Düsseldorf, a hilly character. Thus Unterbach climbs from here, beginning on Lake Unterbach at the foot of the Korresberg, rising behind the closed land development in the city of Erkrath, to a height of 100 meters. This location, the local recreation area of Unterbacher lake/Eller forest and the partial Unterbach forest lying on Erkrath's area makes it into a borough with a high standard of living. Unterbach has about 7,254 inhabitants with a small population density of 795 inhabitants for each km².
The Lake
Unterbach (Unterbacher See), in the local linguistic usage excavator
hole, is a former excavator lake in the quarter Unterbach in the southeast of Düsseldorf. It is 87 hectares large and up to 13.4 m deep. Around the lake lies the protected area Eller forest, which consists to a large extent of sparse woods. Within this forest there are numerous moving and cycle tracks. In the lake are four islands proven as bird protecting area. Water does not have an above ground inlet, it is fed only by groundwater. It was created by excavating for gravel and sands between 1926 and 1973. During the World War II
there was a fake airfield of the German air force put there for the deception of allied bombers. With the surface removal of gravel, groundwater flows through the lake and determines also its water level.
The lake represents an important local recreation
area for the region of Düsseldorf.
On the north bank are also an observation deck with restaurant, a mini golf course and a small sailing boat port with boat rental business as well as a rowboat port used by schools from Düsseldorf and Erkrath.
There is a campground on the south and there are two beaches in the north and the south, including a nude beach
at the southern beach.
The Lake Unterbach is administered by a public society, which was created on 7th of February 1956 by the neighboring cities Düsseldorf, Erkrath and Hilden.
: It is the only quarter with an absolutely independent carnival board, its own pair of princes and separation. Here also is the origin in the region of Düsseldorf for the dialect expressions “Halven cock” and “old shot”. The latter had its greatest success with “the stars sparkle”, which was originally the slogan song of the session 1997 in the Unterbach carnival. The meetings and the procession in the Unterbach carnival extend into the surrounding cities.
The coat of arms animal of Unterbach is the donkey, presented as jumping over the donkey brook. At the shopping centre, “at the Breidenplatz”, a donkey poured in bronze is set up in the Unterbacher. The Carnival fool's call in Unterbach is the donkey sound “I-A” unlike the Rhineland “Helau” in the rest of Düsseldorf. Also the Karnevalsumzug (Carnival Procession) is led off by a living donkey. New citizens can let themselves be struck (tied to?) to the donkey. This donkey culture finds its origin in the fact that Düsseldorf was partly built from and on the sand, which originated from the Auskiesung (dredging) of the Unterbacher lake and its environs. The sand was transported in former times along the donkey brook and further the today still existing arterial road
to Düsseldorf called Sandträgerweg (sand-carriers way) on the backs of donkeys. The remark “Unterbach's donkeys are coming” referred not only to the animals.
The donkey brook flows through the neighboring borough of Eller as well as its lock park behind Unterbach. There it flows into the southern Düssel
.
Erkrath
Erkrath is a town in the district of Mettmann, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany-Geography:Erkrath is situated on the Düssel river, directly east of Düsseldorf and west of Wuppertal, close to the famous Neandertal....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, until 1975, when it became an urban borough of Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
in a local reorganisation. A portion of the pre-1975 Unterbach remains as the borough of Erkrath-Unterfeldhaus. The eastern end of the borough of Düsseldorf-Vennhausen
Düsseldorf-Vennhausen
Vennhausen is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It borders on Unterbach, Eller and Gerresheim.A few hundred years ago the area was swamp, moor and fen, hence the name for the settlement Vennhausen, which is derived from "Venn", a Low German word for fen....
was attached to Unterbach during the reorganisation since it was already culturally associated with Unterbach.
History
The name of the local part comes of from the knights van Unterbeke, whose seat was the House of Unterbach - an old water castle, first mentioned as seat of the knights in 1169. The gallery of the lords of the House of Unterbach and their coats of arms are to be discovered elsewhere in Unterbach on the monument, which also serves as homeland and war memorial. The columns of the monument bear the names in time-correct sequence in stone. Further local historical buildings of Unterbach are mentioned at the former customs office at the eastern local entrance "at the Zault", the tubing mill and the association house.House Unterbach
Düsseldorf-Gerresheim
Gerresheim is one of the City of Düsseldorf, Germany's forty-nine boroughs. It is located in the eastern part of the municipality. Gerresheim is much older than Düsseldorf itself, having been an independent city with a rich history for over 1,000 years...
and its the neighboring place nearly completely, the area was for the first time removed around 900 AD to the castle.
As a knight's seat it is recorded in 1169 for the first time. Probably around 1300 it came then to the today's substantial development of the attachment with encircling walls up to 1.20 meters thick, four towers with walls up to two meters thick, surrounded by a broad water ditch. Parts of the circulating wall and three of the towers are still perceptible today, i.e. a gate tower, a court tower and a round tower. A further round tower, which was formerly on the left, was torn off at the height of the manor-house and integrated into this. Parts of the course bridge mechanism are likewise still to be seen in the gate tower. Beside it are still further authentic knight material stores in the towers. The towers are 10 meters high up to 9 meters in diameter. Probably one of them was in former times once higher. The garden plantings of the castle and the surrounding area were created by the well-known landscape architect Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe, to whose numerous works also belongs the Hofgarten and the world-famous Königsallee
Königsallee
The Königsallee is an urban boulevard in Düsseldorf, state capital of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The Königsallee is noted for both the landscaped canal that runs along its center, as well as for the fashion showrooms and luxury retail stores located along its sides.Nicknamed Kö by the...
.
Geography
Unterbach lies in the southeast of the city Düsseldorf and is the fifth-largest quarter of Düsseldorf, with an area of 9.13 km2. A large part of this area is the local recreation area Lake Unterbach (Unterbacher See). In Unterbach just like in neighboring Vennhausen around the lake a moorlandMoorland
Moorland or moor is a type of habitat, in the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome, found in upland areas, characterised by low-growing vegetation on acidic soils and heavy fog...
colonizing one operated approximately, of it street names witnessed such as Vennstrasse (fen street), as well as large ones and small peat break. Details are however not well known. Unterbach is separated by a forest belt from the close-lying boroughs of Düsseldorf. The first hills of the Bergisches Land
Bergisches Land
The Bergisches Land is a low mountain range region within the state of Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, east of Rhine river, south of the Ruhr. The landscape is shaped by woods, meadows, rivers and creeks and contains over 20 artificial lakes...
terminate here at the lower Rhine level and give Unterbach, in comparison to remaining Düsseldorf, a hilly character. Thus Unterbach climbs from here, beginning on Lake Unterbach at the foot of the Korresberg, rising behind the closed land development in the city of Erkrath, to a height of 100 meters. This location, the local recreation area of Unterbacher lake/Eller forest and the partial Unterbach forest lying on Erkrath's area makes it into a borough with a high standard of living. Unterbach has about 7,254 inhabitants with a small population density of 795 inhabitants for each km².
Lake Unterbach
Lake
A lake is a body of relatively still fresh or salt water of considerable size, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land. Lakes are inland and not part of the ocean and therefore are distinct from lagoons, and are larger and deeper than ponds. Lakes can be contrasted with rivers or streams,...
Unterbach (Unterbacher See), in the local linguistic usage excavator
Excavator
Excavators are heavy construction equipment consisting of a boom, stick, bucket and cab on a rotating platform . The house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels. A cable-operated excavator uses winches and steel ropes to accomplish the movements. They are a natural progression from the...
hole, is a former excavator lake in the quarter Unterbach in the southeast of Düsseldorf. It is 87 hectares large and up to 13.4 m deep. Around the lake lies the protected area Eller forest, which consists to a large extent of sparse woods. Within this forest there are numerous moving and cycle tracks. In the lake are four islands proven as bird protecting area. Water does not have an above ground inlet, it is fed only by groundwater. It was created by excavating for gravel and sands between 1926 and 1973. During the World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
there was a fake airfield of the German air force put there for the deception of allied bombers. With the surface removal of gravel, groundwater flows through the lake and determines also its water level.
The lake represents an important local recreation
Recreation
Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun"...
area for the region of Düsseldorf.
On the north bank are also an observation deck with restaurant, a mini golf course and a small sailing boat port with boat rental business as well as a rowboat port used by schools from Düsseldorf and Erkrath.
There is a campground on the south and there are two beaches in the north and the south, including a nude beach
Nude beach
A nude beach is a beach where users are legally at liberty to be nude. Sometimes the terms clothing-optional beach or free beach are used. Nude bathing is one of the most common forms of nudity in public. As beaches are usually on public lands, any member of the public is entitled to use the...
at the southern beach.
The Lake Unterbach is administered by a public society, which was created on 7th of February 1956 by the neighboring cities Düsseldorf, Erkrath and Hilden.
Culture
Unterbach has retained its village character with its active association and church life, firmly established as a geographically separate quarter of Düsseldorf.Carnival
Unterbach has maintained for itself a singular character within Düsseldorf from old times in regard to the carnivalCarnival
Carnaval is a festive season which occurs immediately before Lent; the main events are usually during February. Carnaval typically involves a public celebration or parade combining some elements of a circus, mask and public street party...
: It is the only quarter with an absolutely independent carnival board, its own pair of princes and separation. Here also is the origin in the region of Düsseldorf for the dialect expressions “Halven cock” and “old shot”. The latter had its greatest success with “the stars sparkle”, which was originally the slogan song of the session 1997 in the Unterbach carnival. The meetings and the procession in the Unterbach carnival extend into the surrounding cities.
The coat of arms animal of Unterbach is the donkey, presented as jumping over the donkey brook. At the shopping centre, “at the Breidenplatz”, a donkey poured in bronze is set up in the Unterbacher. The Carnival fool's call in Unterbach is the donkey sound “I-A” unlike the Rhineland “Helau” in the rest of Düsseldorf. Also the Karnevalsumzug (Carnival Procession) is led off by a living donkey. New citizens can let themselves be struck (tied to?) to the donkey. This donkey culture finds its origin in the fact that Düsseldorf was partly built from and on the sand, which originated from the Auskiesung (dredging) of the Unterbacher lake and its environs. The sand was transported in former times along the donkey brook and further the today still existing arterial road
Arterial road
An arterial road, or arterial thoroughfare, is a high-capacity urban road. The primary function of an arterial road is to deliver traffic from collector roads to freeways, and between urban centres at the highest level of service possible. As such, many arteries are limited-access roads, or feature...
to Düsseldorf called Sandträgerweg (sand-carriers way) on the backs of donkeys. The remark “Unterbach's donkeys are coming” referred not only to the animals.
The donkey brook flows through the neighboring borough of Eller as well as its lock park behind Unterbach. There it flows into the southern Düssel
Düssel
The Düssel is a small right tributary of the River Rhine in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. Its source is between Wülfrath and Velbert. It flows westward through the Neander Valley where the fossils of the first Neanderthal man were found in 1856...
.
Sports
The TV Unterbach 1905 announced the place country wide in the trampoline sports with a first success of a German pupil master and a third place of the pupil crew championship achieved at the same time in the year 1968. With the further ascent the association became in the years 1978, 1979, 1980, 1982 and 1984 in this discipline of German masters, placed many further German and European titles, a vice-world champion as well as the majority of the German national team. By the allocation to Düsseldorf in the framework to the association a large practice hall lying in Unterbach is missing to the local reorganisation and does gymnastics at present in the second federal league.Reorganisation
Unterbach was moved from Erkrath to Düsseldorf in 1975. A part of Unterbach, called Unterfeldhaus, remained in Erkrath. Since this reorganisation, the inhabitants of the two former Unterbach appear main street sides in different cities. Also the House Unterbach - as the nucleus of Unterbach - is on the "wrong" roadside and thus in Erkrath. The parts of the Unterbach forest and the sports field of the soccer association sports club Unterbach are on Erkrath's area. Practically this separation however never manifested itself. The cultural, church and association life turn out as in only one local part. Besides many students from Unterbach visit the resuming schools in Erkrath.External links
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- This article is based in part on material from the German Wikipedia.