Eliseo Payán
Encyclopedia
José Eliseo Payán Hurtado (1825-1895) was a Colombian
lawyer
, politician
, and military officer. Payán as Vice President of Colombia
assumed the Presidency of Colombia
due to the absence of President Rafael Núñez
in 1887.
, on August 1, 1825. He died in Buga
, on June 30, 1895.
, and later graduated as a lawyer
, profession he practiced mostly in the city of Buga
along with commerce and other administrative jobs. He also founded the Democratic Society of Buga and produced a newspaper called "El Sentimiento Democrático" with the help of Manuel Antonio Scarpetta and Ramón Mercado.
under the command of General José María Obando
, fighting against the army of President José Ignacio de Márquez
. Later, in 1854, he joined the army of José Hilario López in the battles against José María Melo
.
Payán became a General in the army and participated in the Colombian Civil War of 1860–1862
supporting General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
against the legitimate and constitutional government of conservative
President Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
.
General Payán intervened in the Colombian Civil War of 1876
to defend the government of Aquileo Parra
. At the battle of “Los Chancos” he was taken prisoner by the conservative forces. General Julián Trujillo, commander of the Caucan Army, appointed him brigadier of a revolutionary division. He was able to confront and defeat the conservative forces in Antioquia, at the Battle of Batero.
In 1879 he organized an army to topple the president of the State of Cauca. Governor Garcés was deposed and Payan gave control to a civilian, Ezequiel Hurtado
, who was then elected as President of the State of Cauca.
In 1885, Payán joins the forces of conservative President Rafael Núñez
in the civil war against the liberal rebels. After the war, Núñez appoints him as Minister of War.
skills. Between 1854 and 1855 Payán served in the National Congress
as representative for Cauca
.
, had to resign his post in Cauca to replace the ailing sitting President Núñez. He assumed office on January 6, 1887 and served as president until June 4 of the same year. He once again was called to replace President Núñez on December 13, of 1882 until February 8, 1888 while the President recuperated. During his control of the presidency Payán decreed absolute freedom of press in the nation, policy that created great controversy, which forced him to resign as Vice President after the constant struggles with his opponents in Congress and the President himself.
Colombian people
Colombian people are from a multiethnic Spanish speaking nation in South America called Colombia. Colombians are predominantly Roman Catholic and are a mixture of Europeans, Africans, and Amerindians.-Demography:...
lawyer
Lawyer
A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
, politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, and military officer. Payán as Vice President of Colombia
Vice President of Colombia
The Vice President of Colombia is the first in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new President of Colombia upon leaves of absence or death, resignation, or removal of the President, as designated by the Colombian Constitution of 1991 which also reinstated the vice president figure...
assumed the Presidency of Colombia
President of Colombia
The President of Colombia is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Colombia. The office of president was established upon the ratification of the Constitution of 1819, by the Congress of Angostura, convened in December 1819, when Colombia was part of "la Gran Colombia"...
due to the absence of President Rafael Núñez
Rafael Núñez (politician)
Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo was a Colombian author, lawyer, journalist and politician, who was elected President of Colombia in 1880 and in 1884. Rafael Núñez was born in Cartagena de Indias, on September 28, 1825. He died in Cartagena on September 18, 1894.-Early life:Little is known about the...
in 1887.
Biographic data
Payán was born in CaliCalì
Calì, also written in English as Cali, is an Italian surname, widespread mainly in the Ionian side of Sicily.For the surname Calì is assumed the origin of the Greek word kalos , or from its Sanskrit root kali, "time."The surname refers to:...
, on August 1, 1825. He died in Buga
Buga
Buğa or Boğa means "bull" in Turkic languages, also transliterated as Bugha, or Buqa . It may refer to one of the following persons.*Tala Buga, the khan of Golden Horde between 1287 and 1291...
, on June 30, 1895.
Early life
Payán studied in the Colegio Santa Libarda in Santiago de CaliSantiago de Cali
Santiago de Cali , simply referred to as Cali, is a city in western Colombia and the capital of the Valle del Cauca Department. With a population of 2.5 million, Cali is the third largest city in the country. It has one of the fastest growing economies and infrastructure in the country because...
, and later graduated as a lawyer
Lawyer
A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
, profession he practiced mostly in the city of Buga
Buga, Valle del Cauca
Buga formally Guadalajara de Buga is a city and municipality in the Valle del Cauca department of Colombia. It is famous for its Basilica del Señor de los Milagros, which houses an image of Christ called El Señor de los Milagros .-History:Guadalajara de Buga is one of the oldest cities in...
along with commerce and other administrative jobs. He also founded the Democratic Society of Buga and produced a newspaper called "El Sentimiento Democrático" with the help of Manuel Antonio Scarpetta and Ramón Mercado.
Military career
Payán enlisted in the army, and most of the time was under the orders of liberal commanders. In 1840, Payán participated in the War of the SupremesWar of the Supremes
The War of the Supremes was a civil conflict in Republic of the New Granada from 1839 to 1841 caused by the ambitions of various regional leaders to seize power and depose President José Ignacio de Márquez...
under the command of General José María Obando
José María Obando
José María Ramón Obando del Campo was a Neogranadine General and politician who twice served as President of Colombia...
, fighting against the army of President José Ignacio de Márquez
José Ignacio de Márquez
José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto was a Colombian statesman, lawyer and professor, who served as Vice President of Colombia under the presidency of Francisco de Paula Santander, and subsequently was elected President of the Republic of the New Granada for the presidential term of 1837 to 1841.- ...
. Later, in 1854, he joined the army of José Hilario López in the battles against José María Melo
José María Melo
José María Dionisio Melo y Ortiz was a Colombian general and politician of Pijao ancestry, who fought in the South American wars of independence, and who in 1854 rose to power and held the presidency of Colombia. In August, 1850, artisans demanded protection and the creation of a national workshop...
.
Payán became a General in the army and participated in the Colombian Civil War of 1860–1862
Colombian Civil War (1860–1862)
The Colombian Civil War of May 8 1860 to November 1862 was an internal conflict between the newly formed conservative Grenadine Confederation and a more liberal rebel force from the newly seceded region of Cauca, composed of dissatisfied politicians commanded by General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera,...
supporting General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda was a Colombian general and political figure. He was president of Colombia four times. The first time was as president of Republic of New Granada from 1845 to 1849. During the Colombian Civil War of 1860-1862 he led liberal forces in a civil war against...
against the legitimate and constitutional government of conservative
Conservatism in Colombia
Simón Bolívar is the image in which Conservatism in Colombia creates its ideologies: the ideals of this great character were used by many years on the different conservative movements. But the first formal party was created at the year of 1837, because of Jose Ignacio de Marquez and the image of...
President Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez was a Colombian politician, journalist and lawyer, founder of the Colombian Conservative Party and later President of Colombia between 1857 and 1861 during the Granadine Confederation.- Biographic data :...
.
General Payán intervened in the Colombian Civil War of 1876
Colombian Civil War of 1876
Colombian Civil War of 1876 was a civil war in the United States of Colombia that went on from 1876 to 1877...
to defend the government of Aquileo Parra
Aquileo Parra
José Bonifacio Aquileo Elias Parra Gómez was a Colombian soldier, businessman and political figure. He was the president of Colombia between 1876 and 1878.- Biographic data :Aquileo Parra was born in Barichara, Santander, on May 12, 1825...
. At the battle of “Los Chancos” he was taken prisoner by the conservative forces. General Julián Trujillo, commander of the Caucan Army, appointed him brigadier of a revolutionary division. He was able to confront and defeat the conservative forces in Antioquia, at the Battle of Batero.
In 1879 he organized an army to topple the president of the State of Cauca. Governor Garcés was deposed and Payan gave control to a civilian, Ezequiel Hurtado
Ezequiel Hurtado
Ezequiel Hurtado Hurtado was a politician, military general and statesman who became President of Colombia. He was born in Silvia, in the department of Cauca, 14 December 1825 and died in Popayán, 4 September 1890. His parents were Nicolas Hurtado and Maria Trinidad Hurtado...
, who was then elected as President of the State of Cauca.
In 1885, Payán joins the forces of conservative President Rafael Núñez
Rafael Núñez (politician)
Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo was a Colombian author, lawyer, journalist and politician, who was elected President of Colombia in 1880 and in 1884. Rafael Núñez was born in Cartagena de Indias, on September 28, 1825. He died in Cartagena on September 18, 1894.-Early life:Little is known about the...
in the civil war against the liberal rebels. After the war, Núñez appoints him as Minister of War.
Political career
After the war Payán began his political career in the Provincial Chamber of Cauca, where he became known for his oratoryOratory
Oratory is a type of public speaking.Oratory may also refer to:* Oratory , a power metal band* Oratory , a place of worship* a religious order such as** Oratory of Saint Philip Neri ** Oratory of Jesus...
skills. Between 1854 and 1855 Payán served in the National Congress
Congress of Colombia
The Congress of the Republic of Colombia is the name given to Colombia's bicameral national legislature.The Congress of Colombia consists of the 102-seat Senate , and the 166-seat Chamber of Representatives ...
as representative for Cauca
Cauca Department
Cauca is a Department of Colombia. Located in the south-western part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department to the northeast, Huila Department to the east and the Nariño Department to the south, covering a total area of...
.
Presidente of Colombia
After being re-elected President of Cauca, Payán who had also being elected Vice President of ColombiaVice President of Colombia
The Vice President of Colombia is the first in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new President of Colombia upon leaves of absence or death, resignation, or removal of the President, as designated by the Colombian Constitution of 1991 which also reinstated the vice president figure...
, had to resign his post in Cauca to replace the ailing sitting President Núñez. He assumed office on January 6, 1887 and served as president until June 4 of the same year. He once again was called to replace President Núñez on December 13, of 1882 until February 8, 1888 while the President recuperated. During his control of the presidency Payán decreed absolute freedom of press in the nation, policy that created great controversy, which forced him to resign as Vice President after the constant struggles with his opponents in Congress and the President himself.