Ernst Brüche
Encyclopedia
Ernst Carl Reinhold Brüche (28 March 1900 in Hamburg
– 8 February 1985 in Mosbach
) was a German physicist
. From 1944 to 1972, he was the editor of the Physikalische Blätter
, a publication of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft
.
from 1919 to 1924. From 1920, he was a teaching assistant in the physics department. In 1926 he completed his doctorate under Carl Ramsauer
at the Danzig Technische Hochschule. He completed his Habilitation
in 1927.
From 1928 to 1945, he was head of the physics laboratories at the Allgemeine Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG
) in Reinickendorf
, a borough of Berlin
. At the AEG, he worked mostly on geometrical electron optics and developed an electron microscope
. From 1946 to 1951, he was the head scientist of the Süddeutsches Laboratorium, in Mosbach
. From 1948, he was the managing director of Physik-GmbH in Mosbach. After 1951, he was at the Physikalisches Laboratorium in Mosbach.
From 1944 to 1972, Brüche was the founding editor of the Physikalische Blätter
.
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
– 8 February 1985 in Mosbach
Mosbach
Mosbach is the capital of the Neckar-Odenwald district in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 58 km east of Heidelberg. Its geographical position is 49.21'N 9.9'E....
) was a German physicist
Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
. From 1944 to 1972, he was the editor of the Physikalische Blätter
Physikalische Blätter
The Physikalische Blätter was an official journal of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.-History:The Physikalische Blätter was founded in 1943 by Ernst Brüche, who was also the editor from 1944 to 1972. At the start, it was issued by the Informationsstelle Deutscher Physiker...
, a publication of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft
Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft
The Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft is the world's largest organization of physicists. The DPG's worldwide membership is cited as 60,000, as of 2011...
.
Education
Brüche studied physics at the Danzig Technische HochschuleTechnische Hochschule
Technische Hochschule is what an Institute of Technology used to be called in German-speaking countries, as well as in the Netherlands, before most of them changed their name to Technische Universität or Technische Universiteit in the 1970s and in the...
from 1919 to 1924. From 1920, he was a teaching assistant in the physics department. In 1926 he completed his doctorate under Carl Ramsauer
Carl Ramsauer
Carl Wilhelm Ramsauer was an internationally notable professor of physics and research physicist, famous for the discovery of the Ramsauer-Townsend effect...
at the Danzig Technische Hochschule. He completed his Habilitation
Habilitation
Habilitation is the highest academic qualification a scholar can achieve by his or her own pursuit in several European and Asian countries. Earned after obtaining a research doctorate, such as a PhD, habilitation requires the candidate to write a professorial thesis based on independent...
in 1927.
Career
Until 1933, Brüche was an unpaid lecturer on experimental and technical physics at the Danzig Technische Hochschule, where he worked on the measurement of electron scattering cross-sections of molecular gases.From 1928 to 1945, he was head of the physics laboratories at the Allgemeine Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG
AEG
Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft was a German producer of electrical equipment founded in 1883 by Emil Rathenau....
) in Reinickendorf
Reinickendorf
Reinickendorf is the twelfth borough of Berlin. It encompasses the northwest of the city area, including the Berlin-Tegel Airport, Lake Tegel, spacious settlements of detached houses as well as housing estates like Märkisches Viertel.-Subdivision:...
, a borough of Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. At the AEG, he worked mostly on geometrical electron optics and developed an electron microscope
Electron microscope
An electron microscope is a type of microscope that uses a beam of electrons to illuminate the specimen and produce a magnified image. Electron microscopes have a greater resolving power than a light-powered optical microscope, because electrons have wavelengths about 100,000 times shorter than...
. From 1946 to 1951, he was the head scientist of the Süddeutsches Laboratorium, in Mosbach
Mosbach
Mosbach is the capital of the Neckar-Odenwald district in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 58 km east of Heidelberg. Its geographical position is 49.21'N 9.9'E....
. From 1948, he was the managing director of Physik-GmbH in Mosbach. After 1951, he was at the Physikalisches Laboratorium in Mosbach.
From 1944 to 1972, Brüche was the founding editor of the Physikalische Blätter
Physikalische Blätter
The Physikalische Blätter was an official journal of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.-History:The Physikalische Blätter was founded in 1943 by Ernst Brüche, who was also the editor from 1944 to 1972. At the start, it was issued by the Informationsstelle Deutscher Physiker...
.
Awards
- 1941 – Liebniz Medal
- 1972 – First recipient of the Max Born-Medaille für Verantwortung in der Wissenschaft
Literature
- Ernst Brüche Freie Elektronen als Sonden des Baues von Molekeln, Ergebnisse der exakten Naturwissenschaften 8 185-228 (1929)
- Ernst Brüche Die Grundlagen der angewandten geometrischen Elektronenoptik, Electrical Engineering (Archiv fur Elektrotechnik) Volume 29, Number 2, 79-107 (1935). The author is cited as being at the Forschungs-institut der AEG, Berlin. The article was received on 12 August 1934.
- Ernst Brüche Zum Entstehen des Elektronenmikroskops, Physikalische Zeitschrift. 44 176-180 (1943)
- Ernst Brüche Deutsche Physik und die Deutschen Physiker, Neue Physikalische Blätter 2 232-236 (1946)
- Ernst Brüche 25 Jahre Elektronenmikroskop, Physikalische Blätter 13 493-500 (1957)
Books
- Ernst Brüche Physiker-Anekdoten von Ernst Brüche (Physik-Verl., 1952)
- Carl Ramsauer, Rudolf Kollath, und Ernst Brüche Wirkungsquerschnitt der Edelgase gegenüber langsamen Elektronen (Geest & Portig, 1954)
- Theodor Pöschl, Carl Ramsauer, and Ernst Brüche Die Physik in Einzelberichten. H. 1. Mechanik (Barth, 1956)
- Heinz Thiede, Carl Ramsauer, and Ernst Brüche Die Physik in Einzelberichten. H. 2. Praktische Akustik (Barth, 1957)
- Helmut Moser, Helmut Moser, Carl Ramsauer, und Ernst Brüche Die Physik in Einzelberichten. H. 3. Wärmelehre?1. Mit Beitr von Helmut Moser. (Barth, 1957)
- Ernst Brüche Aus dem Leben eines Physikers (Mosbach, Baden, 1971)