François Chopart
Encyclopedia
François Chopart was a French surgeon
born in Paris
.
He was trained in medicine at the Hôtel-Dieu
, Pitié
and the Bicêtre hospitals. In 1771 he became a professor of practical surgery
at the École pratique
in Paris, and in 1782 succeeded Toussaint Bordenave (1728–1782) as chair of physiology
.
Chopart was a pioneer of urological surgery, and with Pierre-Joseph Desault
(1744–1795) was author of the surgical treatise Traité des maladies chirurgicales et des opérations qui leur conviennent. There are three eponyms associated with the foot that are named after him:
In 1795 François Chopart died in Paris during a cholera
epidemic.
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
born in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
He was trained in medicine at the Hôtel-Dieu
Hôtel-Dieu de Paris
The Hôtel-Dieu de Paris is regarded as the oldest hospital in the city of Paris, France, and is the most central of the Assistance publique - hôpitaux de Paris hospitals. The hospital is linked to the Faculté de Médecine Paris-Descartes...
, Pitié
Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
The Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital is a teaching hospital located in Paris, France. Part of the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, it is one of Europe's largest hospitals...
and the Bicêtre hospitals. In 1771 he became a professor of practical surgery
Surgery
Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
at the École pratique
École pratique des hautes études
The École pratique des hautes études is a Grand Établissement in Paris, France. It is counted among France's most prestigious research and higher education institutions....
in Paris, and in 1782 succeeded Toussaint Bordenave (1728–1782) as chair of physiology
Physiology
Physiology is the science of the function of living systems. This includes how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and bio-molecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. The highest honor awarded in physiology is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or...
.
Chopart was a pioneer of urological surgery, and with Pierre-Joseph Desault
Pierre-Joseph Desault
Pierre-Joseph Desault was a French anatomist and surgeon.He was destined for a career in the Church, but his own inclination was towards the study of medicine; after learning something from the barber-surgeon of his native village, he was settled as an apprentice in the military hospital of...
(1744–1795) was author of the surgical treatise Traité des maladies chirurgicales et des opérations qui leur conviennent. There are three eponyms associated with the foot that are named after him:
- Chopart's amputation: Separation of the forefoot at the midtarsal joint.
- Chopart's fracture-dislocationChopart's fracture-dislocationChopart's fracture-dislocation is a dislocation of the mid-tarsal joints of the foot, often with associated fractures of the calcaneus, cuboid and navicular.- Mechanism of injury :...
: Dislocation of the foot through the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints along with associated fractures. - Chopart's joint or the transverse tarsal jointTransverse tarsal jointThe transverse tarsal joint or midtarsal joint is formed by the articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid, and the articulation of the talus with the navicular....
: ArticulationJointA joint is the location at which two or more bones make contact. They are constructed to allow movement and provide mechanical support, and are classified structurally and functionally.-Classification:...
between the hindfoot and the midfoot.
In 1795 François Chopart died in Paris during a cholera
Cholera
Cholera is an infection of the small intestine that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The main symptoms are profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting. Transmission occurs primarily by drinking or eating water or food that has been contaminated by the diarrhea of an infected person or the feces...
epidemic.