Françoise d'Orléans-Longueville
Encyclopedia
Françoise d'Orléans was the second wife of Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé
, a "Prince du Sang
" and leader of the Huguenot
s during the French Wars of Religion
.
, France. She was the only daughter of François d'Orléans
–Longueville
, Marquis de Rothelin, Prince of Chalet-Aillon, Viscount of Melun, and Jacqueline de Rohan, Marquise de Rothelin
. Her father had died on 25 October 1548, less than six months before her birth.
Her paternal grandparents were Louis I, Duke of Longueville, Sovereign Count of Neuchâtel
, Prince of Chatel-Aillon, and Johanna of Baden
-Hochberg, Sovereign Countess of Neuchâtel and Margravine of Rothelin, and her maternal grandparents were Charles de Rohan, Viscount of Fronsac and Jeanne de Saint-Séverin.
Françoise had an older brother, Leonor, Duke of Longueville, Duke of Estouteville, and Prince du Sang
(1540–1573), who married, in 1563, Marie d'Estouteville (1539–1601), by whom he had issue, including Henri I, 8th Duke of Longueville.
Françoise's cousin, François de Longueville
was the uterine half-brother of Mary, Queen of Scots. Her maternal aunt, Claude de Thoury de Rohan-Gyé, was a mistress of King Francis I of France
.
, Françoise married Louis I de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, the youngest brother of King Antoine of Navarre
and a Huguenot general. His first wife, Eléanor de Roucy de Roye
, had died in 1564. They had three sons:
when the Huguenot forces were defeated by the Catholic forces led by Marshal Gaspard de Saulx
, sieur de Tavannes, and the Duke of Anjou, who would later rule as King Henry III
. Françoise was left a widow shortly before her 20th birthday, and she chose not to remarry.
After the night of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
, she and her sons quickly converted to Roman Catholicism.
Françoise died in Paris on 11 June 1601 at the age of 52, and was buried at Gaillon.
The House of Savoy-Carignan descended from Françoise through her son Charles.
Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé
Louis de Bourbon was a prominent Huguenot leader and general, the founder of the House of Condé, a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon.-Life:...
, a "Prince du Sang
Prince du Sang
A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration...
" and leader of the Huguenot
Huguenot
The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France during the 16th and 17th centuries. Since the 17th century, people who formerly would have been called Huguenots have instead simply been called French Protestants, a title suggested by their German co-religionists, the...
s during the French Wars of Religion
French Wars of Religion
The French Wars of Religion is the name given to a period of civil infighting and military operations, primarily fought between French Catholics and Protestants . The conflict involved the factional disputes between the aristocratic houses of France, such as the House of Bourbon and House of Guise...
.
Family
Françoise was born on 5 April 1549 in ChâteaudunChâteaudun
Châteaudun is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of Eure-et-Loir.-Geography:Châteaudun is located about 45 km northwest of Orléans, and about 50 km south-southwest of Chartres, on the river Loir, a tributary of the...
, France. She was the only daughter of François d'Orléans
House of Orleans
Orléans is the name used by several branches of the Royal House of France, all descended in the legitimate male line from the dynasty's founder, Hugh Capet. It became a tradition during France's ancien régime for the duchy of Orléans to be granted as an appanage to a younger son of the king...
–Longueville
Longueville
Longueville may refer to:Places:*Longueville, New South Wales, suburb of Sydney, AustraliaCommunes in France:*Longueville, Calvados, in the Calvados département*Longueville, Lot-et-Garonne, in the Lot-et-Garonne département...
, Marquis de Rothelin, Prince of Chalet-Aillon, Viscount of Melun, and Jacqueline de Rohan, Marquise de Rothelin
Jacqueline de Rohan, Marquise de Rothelin
Jacqueline de Rohan, Marquise de Rothelin was the daughter of Charles de Rohan and Jeanne de Saint-Severin.Her paternal grandparents were Pierre de Rohan, Viscount de Fronsac and Françoise de Penhoet. Her maternal grandparents were Bernard de Saint-Severin, Prince of Besignano, and Jeanne Eléonore...
. Her father had died on 25 October 1548, less than six months before her birth.
Her paternal grandparents were Louis I, Duke of Longueville, Sovereign Count of Neuchâtel
Canton of Neuchâtel
Neuchâtel is a canton of French speaking western Switzerland. In 2007, its population was 169,782 of which 39,654 were foreigners. The capital is Neuchâtel.-History:...
, Prince of Chatel-Aillon, and Johanna of Baden
Baden
Baden is a historical state on the east bank of the Rhine in the southwest of Germany, now the western part of the Baden-Württemberg of Germany....
-Hochberg, Sovereign Countess of Neuchâtel and Margravine of Rothelin, and her maternal grandparents were Charles de Rohan, Viscount of Fronsac and Jeanne de Saint-Séverin.
Françoise had an older brother, Leonor, Duke of Longueville, Duke of Estouteville, and Prince du Sang
Prince du Sang
A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration...
(1540–1573), who married, in 1563, Marie d'Estouteville (1539–1601), by whom he had issue, including Henri I, 8th Duke of Longueville.
Françoise's cousin, François de Longueville
Longueville
Longueville may refer to:Places:*Longueville, New South Wales, suburb of Sydney, AustraliaCommunes in France:*Longueville, Calvados, in the Calvados département*Longueville, Lot-et-Garonne, in the Lot-et-Garonne département...
was the uterine half-brother of Mary, Queen of Scots. Her maternal aunt, Claude de Thoury de Rohan-Gyé, was a mistress of King Francis I of France
Francis I of France
Francis I was King of France from 1515 until his death. During his reign, huge cultural changes took place in France and he has been called France's original Renaissance monarch...
.
Marriage and issue
On 8 November 1565, in the Château de VendômeVendôme
Vendôme is a commune in the Centre region of France.-Administration:Vendôme is the capital of the arrondissement of Vendôme in the Loir-et-Cher department, of which it is a sub-prefecture. It has a tribunal of first instance.-Geography:...
, Françoise married Louis I de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, the youngest brother of King Antoine of Navarre
Antoine of Navarre
Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme was head of the House of Bourbon from 1537 to 1562, and jure uxoris King of Navarre from 1555 to 1562.-Family:...
and a Huguenot general. His first wife, Eléanor de Roucy de Roye
Eléanor de Roucy de Roye
Eléanor de Roucy de Roye, princesse de Condé was the eldest daughter and heiress of Charles, seigneur de Roye and de Muret, comte de Roucy. Her mother, Madeleine de Mailly, dame de Conti, was the daughter of Louise de Montmorency and half-sister of Admiral Coligny, d'Andelot, and Cardinal de...
, had died in 1564. They had three sons:
- Charles, Count of Soissons (3 November 1566-1 November 1612). He was born at Nogent-le-Routrou. In 1601, he married Anne de Montafié, Countess of Clermont-en-BeauvaisisAnne de Montafié, Countess of Clermont-en-BeauvaisisAnne de Montafié, Countess of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis , was a French heiress and the wife of Charles de Bourbon, Count of Soissons, a Prince of the Blood, and military commander during the French Wars of Religion. Following her marriage in 1601, she was styled Countess of Soissons...
(1577–1644), by whom he had issue. - Louis de Bourbon (1567–1569)
- Benjamin de Bourbon (1569–1573)
Death of Condé
On 13 March 1569, her husband was slain at the Battle of JarnacBattle of Jarnac
The Battle of Jarnac on 13 March 1569 was an encounter during the French Wars of Religion between the Catholic forces of Marshal Gaspard de Saulx, sieur de Tavannes, and the Huguenots, near the nadir of their fortunes, financed by Reinhold von Krockow and led by Louis I de Bourbon, prince de...
when the Huguenot forces were defeated by the Catholic forces led by Marshal Gaspard de Saulx
Gaspard de Saulx
Gaspard de Saulx, sieur de Tavannes was a French military leader during the Italian Wars and the French Wars of Religion.-Biography:He was born in Dijon....
, sieur de Tavannes, and the Duke of Anjou, who would later rule as King Henry III
Henry III of France
Henry III was King of France from 1574 to 1589. As Henry of Valois, he was the first elected monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with the dual titles of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1573 to 1575.-Childhood:Henry was born at the Royal Château de Fontainebleau,...
. Françoise was left a widow shortly before her 20th birthday, and she chose not to remarry.
After the night of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations, followed by a wave of Roman Catholic mob violence, both directed against the Huguenots , during the French Wars of Religion...
, she and her sons quickly converted to Roman Catholicism.
Françoise died in Paris on 11 June 1601 at the age of 52, and was buried at Gaillon.
The House of Savoy-Carignan descended from Françoise through her son Charles.
Ancestry
Sources
- Europäische Stammtafeln
- Mark Strage, Women of Power, published by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1976
- Genealogy.Eu
- Père Anselme, Histoire des Rois de France