Fédération nationale des déportés et internés résistants et patriotes
Encyclopedia
The Fédération nationale des déportés et internés résistants et patriotes (National Federation of Deported and Interned Resisters and Patriots) is an organization founded by Marcel Paul
and Henri Manhès in October 1945, five months after the defeat of Nazi Germany
at the end of World War II
. The Federation carries on the legacy of those who perished in Nazi concentration camps or were interned in prisons in occupied France and unites survivors of the camps, prisons and the French Resistance
. The federation also researches and exposes the war crimes of Nazism
.
Camp survivors took an oath at the scene of their suffering, vowing on behalf of the dead to ensure the future of man and his dignity. This act formed a bond between the survivors.
The Fédération nationale des déportés et internés résistants et patriotes (FNDIRP) took part in the trials against Klaus Barbie
, Paul Touvier
and Maurice Papon
, trials for crimes against humanity.
. It has created the Prix Marcel Paul and it publishes a newspaper called Le Patriote Résistant.
Judicial and legal activities of the FNDIRP include participation as a civil party
in trials for crimes against humanity. They also take action against historical revisionists, for reparations for victims, and in support of spouses and orphans.
Internationally, the FNDIRP contributes to peace work, disarmament
and economic development
. They have taken part in a campaign to finance water well
s, a dam
and a maternity hospital in Burkina Faso
. In 1996, they donated 3,500,000 French franc
s (about 533,572 euro
s) to the International Red Cross for prosthetics
for Angola
n land mine
victims.
, people persecuted for race or ethnicity, exiles, patriotic resisters of the German occupation and families of the missing, murdered or massacred.
The FNDIRP was founded by Marcel Paul, a minister under Charles de Gaulle
and French colonel, Henri Manhès, assistant to Jean Moulin
. The honorary committee includes Juliette Gréco
, Stéphane Hessel
, Georges Séguy and Pierre Sudreau
.
Marcel Paul
Marcel Paul was a French trade unionist and communist politician. He was also a Nazi concentration camp survivor and later served as a member of the French parliament.- Biography :...
and Henri Manhès in October 1945, five months after the defeat of Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
at the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. The Federation carries on the legacy of those who perished in Nazi concentration camps or were interned in prisons in occupied France and unites survivors of the camps, prisons and the French Resistance
French Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
. The federation also researches and exposes the war crimes of Nazism
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
.
Camp survivors took an oath at the scene of their suffering, vowing on behalf of the dead to ensure the future of man and his dignity. This act formed a bond between the survivors.
The Fédération nationale des déportés et internés résistants et patriotes (FNDIRP) took part in the trials against Klaus Barbie
Klaus Barbie
Nikolaus 'Klaus' Barbie was an SS-Hauptsturmführer , Gestapo member and war criminal. He was known as the Butcher of Lyon.- Early life :...
, Paul Touvier
Paul Touvier
Paul Touvier was a French Nazi collaborator. In 1994, he was the first Frenchman convicted of crimes against humanity for his actions in Vichy France.- Early life :...
and Maurice Papon
Maurice Papon
Maurice Papon was a French civil servant, industrial leader and Gaullist politician, who was convicted for crimes against humanity for his participation in the deportation of over 1600 Jews during World War II when he was secretary general for police of the Prefecture of Bordeaux.Papon also...
, trials for crimes against humanity.
Federation work
The FNDIRP has worked in a number of areas since 1945. To ensure that the era is not forgotten, the FNDIRP produces publications, testimonials and commemorations. It supports museums and participates in the Concours national de la résistance et de la déportation, a national competition created in 1961 by the Ministry of Education to support the education of young people about war crimes and efforts of the French Resistance. The FNDIRP also supports the preservation of former concentration camps and other Nazi sites and fights Holocaust denialHolocaust denial
Holocaust denial is the act of denying the genocide of Jews in World War II, usually referred to as the Holocaust. The key claims of Holocaust denial are: the German Nazi government had no official policy or intention of exterminating Jews, Nazi authorities did not use extermination camps and gas...
. It has created the Prix Marcel Paul and it publishes a newspaper called Le Patriote Résistant.
Judicial and legal activities of the FNDIRP include participation as a civil party
Party (law)
A party is a person or group of persons that compose a single entity which can be identified as one for the purposes of the law. Parties include: plaintiff , defendant , petitioner , respondent , cross-complainant A party is a person or group of persons that compose a single entity which can be...
in trials for crimes against humanity. They also take action against historical revisionists, for reparations for victims, and in support of spouses and orphans.
Internationally, the FNDIRP contributes to peace work, disarmament
Disarmament
Disarmament is the act of reducing, limiting, or abolishing weapons. Disarmament generally refers to a country's military or specific type of weaponry. Disarmament is often taken to mean total elimination of weapons of mass destruction, such as nuclear arms...
and economic development
Economic development
Economic development generally refers to the sustained, concerted actions of policymakers and communities that promote the standard of living and economic health of a specific area...
. They have taken part in a campaign to finance water well
Water well
A water well is an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging, driving, boring or drilling to access groundwater in underground aquifers. The well water is drawn by an electric submersible pump, a trash pump, a vertical turbine pump, a handpump or a mechanical pump...
s, a dam
Dam
A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. Hydropower and pumped-storage hydroelectricity are...
and a maternity hospital in Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso – also known by its short-form name Burkina – is a landlocked country in west Africa. It is surrounded by six countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Côte d'Ivoire to the southwest.Its size is with an estimated...
. In 1996, they donated 3,500,000 French franc
French franc
The franc was a currency of France. Along with the Spanish peseta, it was also a de facto currency used in Andorra . Between 1360 and 1641, it was the name of coins worth 1 livre tournois and it remained in common parlance as a term for this amount of money...
s (about 533,572 euro
Euro
The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
s) to the International Red Cross for prosthetics
Prosthesis
In medicine, a prosthesis, prosthetic, or prosthetic limb is an artificial device extension that replaces a missing body part. It is part of the field of biomechatronics, the science of using mechanical devices with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or enhance motor control...
for Angola
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city...
n land mine
Land mine
A land mine is usually a weight-triggered explosive device which is intended to damage a target—either human or inanimate—by means of a blast and/or fragment impact....
victims.
Membership and leadership
The FNDIRP involves all the victims of Nazism and its Vichy government accomplices, members of the undergroundFrench Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
, people persecuted for race or ethnicity, exiles, patriotic resisters of the German occupation and families of the missing, murdered or massacred.
The FNDIRP was founded by Marcel Paul, a minister under Charles de Gaulle
Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle was a French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President from 1959 to 1969....
and French colonel, Henri Manhès, assistant to Jean Moulin
Jean Moulin
Jean Moulin was a high-profile member of the French Resistance during World War II. He is remembered today as an emblem of the Resistance primarily due to his role in unifying the French resistance under de Gaulle and his courage and death at the hands of the Germans.-Before the war:Moulin was...
. The honorary committee includes Juliette Gréco
Juliette Gréco
Juliette Gréco, — also Michelle – is a French actress and popular chanson singer.-Early life and family:Juliette Gréco was born in Montpellier to a Corsican father and a mother who became active in the Résistance, in the Hérault département of southern France. She was raised by her maternal...
, Stéphane Hessel
Stéphane Hessel
Stéphane Frédéric Hessel is a diplomat, ambassador, writer, concentration camp survivor, former French Resistance fighter and BCRA agent. Born German, he became a naturalised French citizen in 1939...
, Georges Séguy and Pierre Sudreau
Pierre Sudreau
Pierre Sudreau is a former French politician. He was born in Paris.He announced his resignation as education minister in October 1962 to protest a proposal by Charles de Gaulle to amend the constitution.-References:...
.