Henry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Encyclopedia
Henry of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Latin Henricus, died 14 October 1416), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
, called Henry the Mild, was prince of Lüneburg
from 1388 to 1409 jointly with his brother Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
, from 1400 to 1409 also of Wolfenbüttel, and from 1409 until his death sole prince of Lüneburg.
Henry was the fourth son of Magnus with the Necklace, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He participated in the prosecution of the murderers of his brother Frederick
, elected King of the Romans, after 1400. Henry ravaged the Eichsfeld
, a possession of the archbishop of Mainz, who was suspected to be involved in the murder. Only in 1405, a peace was ratified between Brunswick-Lüneburg and the Archbishopric.
In 1404, Henry was kidnapped by Bernard, Count of Lippe; when he paid a ransom, he was released, and later, with the support of King Rupert
, took revenge on Bernard.
After the death of Gerhard, Count of Schleswig, Henry's sister's husband, Queen Margaret I of Denmark
tried to take control of Schleswig, but Henry, together with Holstein
, successfully defended Schleswig.
, in 1388. Children were:
Henry married Margaret (c. 1389–1471), daughter of Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse
, in 1409. They had one known child:
Brunswick-Lüneburg
The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg , or more properly Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was an historical ducal state from the late Middle Ages until the late Early Modern era within the North-Western domains of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, in what is now northern Germany...
, called Henry the Mild, was prince of Lüneburg
Principality of Lüneburg
The Principality of Lüneburg was a territorial division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg within the Holy Roman Empire, immediately subordinate to the emperor. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany...
from 1388 to 1409 jointly with his brother Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Bernard , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruled over several principalities of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In the genealogy of the House of Welf, he is considered the first member of the Second House of Lüneburg....
, from 1400 to 1409 also of Wolfenbüttel, and from 1409 until his death sole prince of Lüneburg.
Henry was the fourth son of Magnus with the Necklace, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He participated in the prosecution of the murderers of his brother Frederick
Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Frederick , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was ruler of the Principality of Brunswick from 1373, and, according to some sources, briefly German king-elect in opposition to Wenceslaus in 1400....
, elected King of the Romans, after 1400. Henry ravaged the Eichsfeld
Eichsfeld
The Eichsfeld is a historical region in the southeast of Lower Saxony and northwest of Thuringia in the south of the Harz mountains...
, a possession of the archbishop of Mainz, who was suspected to be involved in the murder. Only in 1405, a peace was ratified between Brunswick-Lüneburg and the Archbishopric.
In 1404, Henry was kidnapped by Bernard, Count of Lippe; when he paid a ransom, he was released, and later, with the support of King Rupert
Rupert of Germany
Rupert of Germany from the House of Wittelsbach was Elector Palatine from 1398 and German King from 1400 until his death...
, took revenge on Bernard.
After the death of Gerhard, Count of Schleswig, Henry's sister's husband, Queen Margaret I of Denmark
Margaret I of Denmark
Margaret I was Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden and founder of the Kalmar Union, which united the Scandinavian countries for over a century. Although she acted as queen regnant, the laws of contemporary Danish succession denied her formal queenship. Her title in Denmark was derived from her...
tried to take control of Schleswig, but Henry, together with Holstein
Holstein
Holstein is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider. It is part of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of Germany....
, successfully defended Schleswig.
Family
Henry married Sophie (died 1406), daughter of Wartislaw VI, Duke of PomeraniaWartislaw VI, Duke of Pomerania
Wartislaw VI of Pomarania was the eldest son of the Duke Barnim IV of Pomerania-Wolgast-Rügen....
, in 1388. Children were:
- WilliamWilliam the Victorious, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgWilliam KG , called the Victorious, was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He is counted either as William III or William IV....
(c. 1392–1482) - CatherineCatherine of Brunswick-LüneburgCatherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg was a member of the House of Welf, a princess of Brunswick-Lüneburg and by marriage, the Electress of Saxony.- Life :...
(died 1442), married Frederick I, Elector of SaxonyFrederick I, Elector of SaxonyFrederick IV of Meissen and Elector of Saxony was Margrave of Meissen and Elector of Saxony from 1381 until his death. He is not to be confused with his cousin Frederick IV, Landgrave of Thuringia, the son of Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia...
Henry married Margaret (c. 1389–1471), daughter of Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse
Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse
Hermann II of Hesse was Landgrave of Hesse from 1376 to 1413.Hermann II, called "the Learned" was born in 1345 in Grebenstein castle, the son of Louis the Junker. He studied in Paris and in Prague. After the death of Otto, the intended heir to the throne, Henry II appointed his own nephew...
, in 1409. They had one known child:
- HenryHenry the Peaceful, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgHenry , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, called the Peaceful , ruled over both parts of Brunswick-Lüneburg.Henry was the son of Henry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. On their father's death in 1416, Henry and his brother William inherited the Principality of Lüneburg, while under the guardianship...
(c. 1411–1473)