Hertník
Encyclopedia
Hertník is a village
and municipality
in Bardejov District
in the Prešov Region
of north-east Slovakia
.
of 1241-1242. Following the invasion, Béla IV of Hungary
donated his estates to his patricians. The noblemen of the northern Šariš
region initiated resettlement of plundered and decimated areas (some regions experienced 50% loss of the original population) by inviting German colonists. The incoming Germans (mostly from the Baltic Sea area) were usually craftsmen, traders and miners. The arriving Germans settled in or immediately next to the older Slovak settlements. The legacy of German colonization from that era in the eastern Čergov
mountains is manifested in German names of the settlements and other geographical features that have survived to the present time. Etymologically, the name Hertník is derived from the German word Herkenecht (meaning master servant); likewise, nearby villages Šiba
(Scheibe), Richvald
(Reichwald) and Kľušov
(Schonwald).
The oldest recorded mention of the village
Hertník is from 1351 and can be found in the statement issued by Spišská Kapitula
(one of the medieval Hungary's "places of authentication
") which confirms that Hertník belonged to the Lords of Perín (Perényi, a noble Hungarian family). Mikuláš from Perín reconfirmed this claim later in a statement issued in 1355 where he declared that Hertník, Šiba
, Richvald
and Kľušov
were in the possession of the Perín family since 1325. Hertník belonged to the Perins until around 1440 when a free royal town of Bardejov
became a new owner. In 1442 a Richnava
’s Bratrík captain Ján Talafúz seized Hertník and other villages from Bardejov
. However, in 1446 Hertník was repossessed by Bardejov
(the church of Saint Aegidius
).
During the following decades (~1480-1553) Hertník changed several owners (János Szapolyai, Ferdinand I
, Bernard Baran
, Hieronym Lasky and Matej Lobocký). From 1553 until the abolishment of serfdom by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
in 1781 Hertník belonged for the most part to the Forgách (Forgáč, Forgács) family.
lies at an altitude
of 460 metres and covers an area
of 17.975 km².
It has a population
of about 1000 people.
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
and municipality
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
in Bardejov District
Bardejov District
Bardejov District is a district in the Prešov Region of eastern Slovakia.Until 1918, the district was part of the Hungarian county of...
in the Prešov Region
Prešov Region
The Prešov Region is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. It consists of 13 districts.-Geography:It is located in north-eastern Slovakia and has an area of 8,975 km². The region has diverse types of landscapes occurring in Slovakia, but mostly highlands and hilly lands dominate the...
of north-east Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
.
History
Hertník originated around 1300 and is associated with the Mongol invasion of EuropeMongol invasion of Europe
The resumption of the Mongol invasion of Europe, during which the Mongols attacked medieval Rus' principalities and the powers of Poland and Hungary, was marked by the Mongol invasion of Rus starting in 21 December 1237...
of 1241-1242. Following the invasion, Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV , King of Hungary and of Croatia , duke of Styria 1254–58. One of the most famous kings of Hungary, he distinguished himself through his policy of strengthening of the royal power following the example of his grandfather Bela III, and by the rebuilding Hungary after the catastrophe of the...
donated his estates to his patricians. The noblemen of the northern Šariš
Šariš
For the beer brand see Šariš .Šariš is the traditional name of a region situated in northeastern Slovakia. It encompasses the territory of the former Sáros county.-History:...
region initiated resettlement of plundered and decimated areas (some regions experienced 50% loss of the original population) by inviting German colonists. The incoming Germans (mostly from the Baltic Sea area) were usually craftsmen, traders and miners. The arriving Germans settled in or immediately next to the older Slovak settlements. The legacy of German colonization from that era in the eastern Čergov
Čergov
Čergov is a mountain range in the central part of the Prešov Region of Slovakia.Geologically the range is part of the Outer Western Carpathians, but may be classified as part of the Eastern Beskids, or classified as part of the Western Beskids...
mountains is manifested in German names of the settlements and other geographical features that have survived to the present time. Etymologically, the name Hertník is derived from the German word Herkenecht (meaning master servant); likewise, nearby villages Šiba
Šiba
Šiba is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 400 metres and covers an area of 13.825 km².It has a population of about 570 people.-External links:...
(Scheibe), Richvald
Richvald
Richvald is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia.-History:In historical records the village was first mentioned as a German settlement in 1355.-Geography:...
(Reichwald) and Kľušov
Klušov
Kľušov is a village and small municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 317 metres and covers an area of 15.358 km².It has a population of about 1030 people....
(Schonwald).
The oldest recorded mention of the village
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
Hertník is from 1351 and can be found in the statement issued by Spišská Kapitula
Spišská Kapitula
Spišská Kapitula, is an exceptionally well-preserved ecclesiastical town on the outskirts of Spišské Podhradie, Slovakia, and overlooking Spiš Castle. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage site Levoča, Spiš Castle and the associated cultural monuments.-Town and history:The town consists of St....
(one of the medieval Hungary's "places of authentication
Place of authentication
A "place of authentication" was a legal institution peculiar to the Kingdom of Hungary. They were chapters or monasteries obliged to offer services similar the ones now provided by public notaries. For instance, they drew up contracts known as "confessions" , issued authentic copies of any...
") which confirms that Hertník belonged to the Lords of Perín (Perényi, a noble Hungarian family). Mikuláš from Perín reconfirmed this claim later in a statement issued in 1355 where he declared that Hertník, Šiba
Šiba
Šiba is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 400 metres and covers an area of 13.825 km².It has a population of about 570 people.-External links:...
, Richvald
Richvald
Richvald is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia.-History:In historical records the village was first mentioned as a German settlement in 1355.-Geography:...
and Kľušov
Klušov
Kľušov is a village and small municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 317 metres and covers an area of 15.358 km².It has a population of about 1030 people....
were in the possession of the Perín family since 1325. Hertník belonged to the Perins until around 1440 when a free royal town of Bardejov
Bardejov
Bardejov is a town in North-Eastern Slovakia. It is situated in the Šariš region and has about 33,000 inhabitants. The spa town, mentioned for the first time in 1241, exhibits numerous cultural monuments in its completely intact medieval town center...
became a new owner. In 1442 a Richnava
Richnava
Richnava is a village and municipality in the Gelnica District in the Košice Region of eastern Slovakia....
’s Bratrík captain Ján Talafúz seized Hertník and other villages from Bardejov
Bardejov
Bardejov is a town in North-Eastern Slovakia. It is situated in the Šariš region and has about 33,000 inhabitants. The spa town, mentioned for the first time in 1241, exhibits numerous cultural monuments in its completely intact medieval town center...
. However, in 1446 Hertník was repossessed by Bardejov
Bardejov
Bardejov is a town in North-Eastern Slovakia. It is situated in the Šariš region and has about 33,000 inhabitants. The spa town, mentioned for the first time in 1241, exhibits numerous cultural monuments in its completely intact medieval town center...
(the church of Saint Aegidius
Bardejov
Bardejov is a town in North-Eastern Slovakia. It is situated in the Šariš region and has about 33,000 inhabitants. The spa town, mentioned for the first time in 1241, exhibits numerous cultural monuments in its completely intact medieval town center...
).
During the following decades (~1480-1553) Hertník changed several owners (János Szapolyai, Ferdinand I
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand I was Holy Roman Emperor from 1558 and king of Bohemia and Hungary from 1526 until his death. Before his accession, he ruled the Austrian hereditary lands of the Habsburgs in the name of his elder brother, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.The key events during his reign were the contest...
, Bernard Baran
Bernard Baran
Bernard F. Baran, Jr. was the first day care worker to be convicted in the day care sex abuse hysteria of the 1980s and 1990s that was spawned by the McMartin preschool trial. Unlike other day care cases, the Baran case garnered little national press coverage...
, Hieronym Lasky and Matej Lobocký). From 1553 until the abolishment of serfdom by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
Joseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 to 1790 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to 1790. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I...
in 1781 Hertník belonged for the most part to the Forgách (Forgáč, Forgács) family.
Geography
The municipalityMunicipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
lies at an altitude
Altitude
Altitude or height is defined based on the context in which it is used . As a general definition, altitude is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The reference datum also often varies according to the context...
of 460 metres and covers an area
Area
Area is a quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape in the plane. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat...
of 17.975 km².
It has a population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of about 1000 people.
External links
- http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html
- http://obechertnik.sk/