Industria Aeronautica Româna
Encyclopedia
Industria Aeronautică Română (IAR) (now IAR S.A. Brasov) or Romanian Aeronautic Industry in English, is a Romania
n aerospace manufacturer
founded in 1925. Based in Ghimbav
, near Braşov
, Romania
, the company employs around 1200 specialists including more than 170 engineers. It carries out upgrades, revisions, and overhauls on helicopters and light aircraft.
To ensure that the Royal Romanian Air Force
(the Aeronautica Regală Română, or ARR) would be supplied with aircraft without reliance on foreign producers, the Romanian government subsidized the creation of three major aircraft manufacturers in the interbellum period. The first was Societatea pentru Exploatări Tehnice (SET) which was founded in Bucharest
in 1923. Next came IAR, which was formed in Braşov
since 1925. Finally there was ICAR (Întreprinderea de Construcţii Aeronautice Româneşti), which was created in Bucharest in 1932, and operated the factory at Brasov known as ICA-Brasov (Întreprinderea de Construcţii Aeronautice - Brasov).
One of the engineers designing IAR aircraft in the early 1930s was Elie Carafoli
.
During World War II
the IAR 80
and IAR 81 fighter aircraft were designed and produced at IAR facilities.
In 1945 and 1947, under the coordination of Radu Manicatide
and Radu Mărdărescu, IAR developed a microcar, named M.R., and an automobile.
Since 1968, IAR has produced more than 370 helicopters (IAR 316
and IAR 330
), 830 gliders, including motor gliders, and 140 aircraft.
In 2000, IAR created, with Eurocopter, Eurocopter Romania, holding a 49% stake in it.
Under Licence
Post-war era
aircraft
Helicopters
Gliders
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
n aerospace manufacturer
Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft....
founded in 1925. Based in Ghimbav
Ghimbav
Ghimbav is a town in Braşov County, Transylvania, central Romania. It is located in the centre of Romania, 5 miles west of Braşov.-History:The town was first mentioned in a letter written in 1420 by King Sigismund of Luxembourg...
, near Braşov
Brasov
Brașov is a city in Romania and the capital of Brașov County.According to the last Romanian census, from 2002, there were 284,596 people living within the city of Brașov, making it the 8th most populated city in Romania....
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
, the company employs around 1200 specialists including more than 170 engineers. It carries out upgrades, revisions, and overhauls on helicopters and light aircraft.
History
Royal Romanian Air Force
The Forţele Aeriene Regale ale României , or simply Forţele Aeriene Române was the Air Arm of Royal Romanian forces in World War II...
(the Aeronautica Regală Română, or ARR) would be supplied with aircraft without reliance on foreign producers, the Romanian government subsidized the creation of three major aircraft manufacturers in the interbellum period. The first was Societatea pentru Exploatări Tehnice (SET) which was founded in Bucharest
Bucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
in 1923. Next came IAR, which was formed in Braşov
Brasov
Brașov is a city in Romania and the capital of Brașov County.According to the last Romanian census, from 2002, there were 284,596 people living within the city of Brașov, making it the 8th most populated city in Romania....
since 1925. Finally there was ICAR (Întreprinderea de Construcţii Aeronautice Româneşti), which was created in Bucharest in 1932, and operated the factory at Brasov known as ICA-Brasov (Întreprinderea de Construcţii Aeronautice - Brasov).
One of the engineers designing IAR aircraft in the early 1930s was Elie Carafoli
Elie Carafoli
Elie Carafoli was an accomplished Romanian engineer and aircraft designer. He is considered a pioneering contributor to the field of Aerodynamics....
.
During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
the IAR 80
IAR 80
The IAR 80 was a Romanian World War II low-wing, monoplane, all-metal construction fighter aircraft and ground-attack aircraft. When it first flew, in 1939, it was comparable to most contemporary designs like the German Bf 109E, the British Hawker Hurricane, and the Supermarine Spitfire...
and IAR 81 fighter aircraft were designed and produced at IAR facilities.
In 1945 and 1947, under the coordination of Radu Manicatide
Radu Manicatide
Radu Manicatide was a Romanian engineer and aircraft constructor.He obtained an engineering degree from the University Politehnica of Bucharest, and then pursued his studies at École supérieure des techniques aéronautiques et de construction automobile , in Paris...
and Radu Mărdărescu, IAR developed a microcar, named M.R., and an automobile.
Since 1968, IAR has produced more than 370 helicopters (IAR 316
IAR 316
-References:* http://avia.russian.ee/helicopters_eng/iar-317.php* https://sites.google.com/site/stingrayslistofrotorcraft/iar-317-airfox-See also:...
and IAR 330
IAR 330
|-See also:-External links:*...
), 830 gliders, including motor gliders, and 140 aircraft.
In 2000, IAR created, with Eurocopter, Eurocopter Romania, holding a 49% stake in it.
Products
Original products- IAR CV 11IAR CV 11- External links :...
- IAR 12
- IAR 13
- IAR 14
- IAR 15
- IAR 16
- IAR 23
- IAR 24
- IAR 37IAR 37|-See also:-References:* The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft , 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 2192* Axworthy, Max. "On Three Fronts: Romania's Aircraft Industry During World War Two". Air Enthusiast, No.56, Winter 1994. Stamford, Lincs, UK:Key Publishing. ISSN 0143-5450. pp. 8–27.*...
- IAR 38
- IAR 39
- IAR 79
- IAR 80IAR 80The IAR 80 was a Romanian World War II low-wing, monoplane, all-metal construction fighter aircraft and ground-attack aircraft. When it first flew, in 1939, it was comparable to most contemporary designs like the German Bf 109E, the British Hawker Hurricane, and the Supermarine Spitfire...
- IAR 81
Under Licence
- Morane-Saulnier MS 35
- Potez 25Potez 25|-See also:*Aerial operations in the Chaco War-References:Heinonen, Timo Heinonen: Thulinista Hornetiin, Keski-Suomen ilmailumuseon julkaisuja 3, 1992. ISBN 951-95688-2-4.-External links:* *...
- IAR P11FPZL P.11The PZL P.11 was a Polish fighter aircraft, designed in the early 1930s by PZL in Warsaw. It was briefly considered to be the most advanced fighter aircraft design in the world...
- IAR P11EPZL P.24|-References:NotesCitationsBibliography* Axworthy, Mark. Third Axis, Fourth Ally. London: Arms and Armour, 1995. ISBN 1-85409-267-7.* Bernád, Dénes. Rumanian Air Force: The Prime Decade 1938-1947. Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc, 1999. ISBN 0-89747-402-3.* Cynk, Jerzy B. Polish...
- Fleet 10GFleet Finch-See also:* List of British Commonwealth Air Training Plan facilities in Canada -Bibliography:* Molson, Ken M. and Taylor, Harold A. Canadian Aircraft Since 1909. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc., 1982. ISBN 0-920002-11-0.* Page, Ron D. and Cumming, William. Fleet: The Flying Years. Erin,...
Post-war era
Post-war
A post-war period or postwar period is the interval immediately following the ending of a war and enduring as long as war does not resume. A post-war period can become an interwar period or interbellum when a war between the same parties resumes at a later date...
aircraft
Fixed-wing aircraft
A fixed-wing aircraft is an aircraft capable of flight using wings that generate lift due to the vehicle's forward airspeed. Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from rotary-wing aircraft in which wings rotate about a fixed mast and ornithopters in which lift is generated by flapping wings.A powered...
- IAR 46IAR-46The IAR-46 is a very light two-seater airplane for flight school, training and tourism.Construction is conventional riveted joints. Seats are arranged side by side, the left seat as the main, low trepezoidal wing, empennage in "T" semi-retractable landing gear , with skid wheel connected with the...
- IAR 818
- IAR 821IAR-821The IAR-821 was an agricultural aircraft built in Romania in 1968s. It was a conventional low-wing monoplane with fixed, tailwheel undercarriage.-Development:...
- IAR 822IAR-822The IAR-822 was an agricultural aircraft built in Romania in the 1960s. Based on the IAR-821, it was a conventional low-wing monoplane with fixed, tailwheel undercarriage and differed from its predecessor mainly in the choice of a horizontally-opposed engine in place of a radial.-Development:The...
- IAR 823
- IAR 824IAR-824The IAR-824 was a utility aircraft built in Romania in the 1970s. Developed from the ICA IS-23A, it was a conventional high wing cantilever monoplane with fixed tricycle undercarriage and seating for six people within an enclosed cabin...
- IAR 825IAR 825-References:*Taylor, John W R. . Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988-89. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 1988. ISBN 0 7106-0867-5....
- IAR 826IAR-822The IAR-822 was an agricultural aircraft built in Romania in the 1960s. Based on the IAR-821, it was a conventional low-wing monoplane with fixed, tailwheel undercarriage and differed from its predecessor mainly in the choice of a horizontally-opposed engine in place of a radial.-Development:The...
- IAR 831
Helicopters
- IAR 316IAR 316-References:* http://avia.russian.ee/helicopters_eng/iar-317.php* https://sites.google.com/site/stingrayslistofrotorcraft/iar-317-airfox-See also:...
- IAR 317
- IAR 330 PumaIAR 330|-See also:-External links:*...
- IAR 330L SOCATIAR 330|-See also:-External links:*...
Gliders
Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the sport of gliding. Some gliders, known as motor gliders are used for gliding and soaring as well, but have engines which can, in some cases, be used for take-off or for extending a flight...
- ICA IS-3
- ICA IS-8
- ICA IS-10
- ICA IS-11
- ICA IS-12
- ICA IS-13
- ICA IS-28 "Lark"
- ICA IS-28M
- ICA IS-29ICA IS-29|-References:* Soaring Society of America...
- ICA IS-30
- ICA IS-31
- ICA IS-32ICA IS-32The ICA IS-32 was a two-seat sailplane produced in Romania in the 1970s. A refinement of the IS-28B, it shared most of that aircraft's fuselage, mated to new wings and empennage. This new wing had a span of 20 metres, featuring interconnected ailerons and flaps, Schempp-Hirth-type airbrakes, and...
- ICA IS-33