Isho'yahb III of Adiabene
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Ishoyahb III of Adiabene was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 649 to 659.
Sources =
Brief accounts of Ishoyahb's patriarchate are given in the Ecclesiastical Chronicle of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (thirteenth-century), and the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), Amr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). There are also the works he penned himself.
Life=
Ishoyahb was born in the district of Hedaiyahb, Adiabene in Greek. His father was one Bas-tuhmag of Kuphlana, "a wealthy Persian Christian... who used often to visit the convent of Beth-`Abhe". Ishoyahb studied in Nisibis; where he studied with Hanan-Isho of Adiabene and his brother, another Ishoyahb.
On adulthood Ishoyahb moved to Mosul. He became the bishop, and then Metropolitan. In Mosul he prevented the Monophysites from building a church, by way of bribery. He went with Ishoyahb II "on his embassy to Heraclius". In Antioch "he stole a very costly and beautiful casket, containing relics of the Apostles" and brought it to the convent of Beth `Abhe.
's death in 647, the Nestorians in Iraq elevated Ishoyahb to the Catholicate. However the metropolitan Shemon of Rev Ardashir
did not recognise this.
Ishoyahb maintained good relations with the Arabs - whom he called variously Tayy, Muhajirs, and Hanifs - but never did heal the schism in his own church.
Ishoyahb died in 657-9.
Works=
Ishoyahb wrote a Refutation Of Opinions on behalf of John, metropolitan of Beth Lapat, several other tracts and sermons, some hymns, a vita of the martyr Isho-sabhran, and an exhortation to novices.
Ishoyahb is chiefly studied today for his letters during his catholicate; because these open a glimpse into a critical time in Nestorian history, and also witness to their relations with the Arabs under the caliphates of `Uthman and `Ali (although the Arab leaders are not named).
In a letter addressed to the schismatic Shemon:
Sources =
Brief accounts of Ishoyahb's patriarchate are given in the Ecclesiastical Chronicle of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (thirteenth-century), and the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), Amr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). There are also the works he penned himself.
Life=
Ishoyahb was born in the district of Hedaiyahb, Adiabene in Greek. His father was one Bas-tuhmag of Kuphlana, "a wealthy Persian Christian... who used often to visit the convent of Beth-`Abhe". Ishoyahb studied in Nisibis; where he studied with Hanan-Isho of Adiabene and his brother, another Ishoyahb.
On adulthood Ishoyahb moved to Mosul. He became the bishop, and then Metropolitan. In Mosul he prevented the Monophysites from building a church, by way of bribery. He went with Ishoyahb II "on his embassy to Heraclius". In Antioch "he stole a very costly and beautiful casket, containing relics of the Apostles" and brought it to the convent of Beth `Abhe.
Ishoyahb's patriarchate
On MaremmehMaremmeh
- Sources :Brief accounts of Maremmeh's patriarchate are given in the Chronicle of Seert , the Ecclesiastical Chronicle of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus , and the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari , Amr and Sliba .-...
's death in 647, the Nestorians in Iraq elevated Ishoyahb to the Catholicate. However the metropolitan Shemon of Rev Ardashir
Fars (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)
The province of Fars, the historic cradle of Persian civilisation, was a metropolitan province of the Church of the East between the sixth and twelfth centuries...
did not recognise this.
Ishoyahb maintained good relations with the Arabs - whom he called variously Tayy, Muhajirs, and Hanifs - but never did heal the schism in his own church.
Ishoyahb died in 657-9.
Works=
Ishoyahb wrote a Refutation Of Opinions on behalf of John, metropolitan of Beth Lapat, several other tracts and sermons, some hymns, a vita of the martyr Isho-sabhran, and an exhortation to novices.
Ishoyahb is chiefly studied today for his letters during his catholicate; because these open a glimpse into a critical time in Nestorian history, and also witness to their relations with the Arabs under the caliphates of `Uthman and `Ali (although the Arab leaders are not named).
- The heretics are deceiving you [when they say] there happens what happens by order of the Arabs, which is certainly not the case. For the tayyaye mhaggre (Muhajir Arabs) do not aid those who say that God, Lord of all, suffered and died. And if by chance they do help them for whatever reason, you can inform the mhaggreHagarenesHagarenes , is a term that describes "the followers or descendants of Hagar". The name was used in Judeo-Christian literature and Byzantine chronicles for Hanif Arabs, then for Islamic forces known collectively as Saracens, and during the height of the Ottoman Empire, for Turks. The name, used...
(Mujahirs) and persuade them of this matter as it should be, if you care about it at all. So perform all things wisely, my brothers; give unto CaesarCaesar (title)Caesar is a title of imperial character. It derives from the cognomen of Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator...
what is Caesar's, and to GodGodGod is the English name given to a singular being in theistic and deistic religions who is either the sole deity in monotheism, or a single deity in polytheism....
what is God's.
In a letter addressed to the schismatic Shemon:
- You alone of all the peoples of the earth have become estranged from every one of them. And because of this estrangement from all these, the influence of the present error came to prevail with ease among you. For the one who has seduced you and uprooted your churches was first seen among us in the region of Radhan, where the pagans are more numerous than the ChristianChristianA Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...
s. Yet, due to the praiseworthy conduct of the Christians, the pagans were not led astray by him. Rather he was driven out from there in disgrace; not only did he not uproot the churches, but he himself was extirpated. However, your region of Fars received him, pagans and Christians, and he did with them as he willed, the pagans consenting and obedient, the Christians inactive and silent. As for the Arabs, to whom God has at this time given rule (shultana) over the world, you know well how they act towards us. Not only do they not oppose Christianity, but they praise our faith, honour the priests and saints of our Lord, and give aid to the churches and monasteries. Why then do your Mrwnaye [Omanis?] reject their faith on a pretext of theirs? And this when the Mrwnaye themselves admit that the Arabs have not compelled them to abandon their faith, but only asked them to give up half of their possessions in order to keep their faith. Yet they forsook their faith, which is forever, and retained the half of their wealth, which is for a short time.
See also
- Adiabene (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)Adiabene (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)Adiabene was a metropolitan province of the Church of the East between the 5th and 14th centuries, with more than fifteen known suffragan dioceses at different periods in its history. Although the name Hadyab normally connoted the region around Erbil and Mosul, the boundaries of the East Syrian...
- List of Patriarchs of the Church of the East