Jardin botanique E.M. Heckel
Encyclopedia
The Jardin botanique E.M. Heckel (12,000 m²), also known as the Jardin botanique de Marseille and the Jardin botanique Borély de Marseille, is a municipal botanical garden
located in the Parc Borély
at 48, Avenue Clot Bey, Marseille
, Bouches-du-Rhône
, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
, France
. It is open daily except Monday; an admission fee is charged.
The garden is Marseille's fourth botanical garden. Its first was established by René of Anjou near the Abbaye Saint-Victor as the Jardin botanique des Chartreux. The second was inaugurated in 1802 by Joséphine de Beauharnais
and directed by M. Gouffé de la Cour, but disappeared in 1856 to make way for a railway. The garden was then re-established in the Parc Borély
, on the site of today's rose garden, but was quickly judged too small by its director, Dr. Édouard Marie Heckel
, and in 1913 additional land was purchased next to the park, to which the garden was relocated and named in his honor.
Today the garden contains over 3,500 species
, arranged in a garden of medicinal plants, a traditional Chinese garden
donated by the city of Shanghai
in 2004, palmetum
(palm garden), garden vines, garden of succulents, Mediterranean garden, and a Japanese garden
. Of particular interest is a greenhouse containing nearly 300 species of South Africa
n flora.
Botanical garden
A botanical garden The terms botanic and botanical, and garden or gardens are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word botanic is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens. is a well-tended area displaying a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names...
located in the Parc Borély
Parc Borély
Parc Borély is a public municipal park in the city of Marseille, in France. It is classified by the French Ministry of Culture as one of the Notable Gardens of France. The park is 17 hectares in size. It adjoins the Jardin botanique E.M...
at 48, Avenue Clot Bey, Marseille
Marseille
Marseille , known in antiquity as Massalia , is the second largest city in France, after Paris, with a population of 852,395 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Marseille extends beyond the city limits with a population of over 1,420,000 on an area of...
, Bouches-du-Rhône
Bouches-du-Rhône
Bouches-du-Rhône is a department in the south of France named after the mouth of the Rhône River. It is the most populous department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Its INSEE and postal code is 13.-History of the department:...
, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur or PACA is one of the 27 regions of France.It is made up of:* the former French province of Provence* the former papal territory of Avignon, known as Comtat Venaissin...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. It is open daily except Monday; an admission fee is charged.
The garden is Marseille's fourth botanical garden. Its first was established by René of Anjou near the Abbaye Saint-Victor as the Jardin botanique des Chartreux. The second was inaugurated in 1802 by Joséphine de Beauharnais
Joséphine de Beauharnais
Joséphine de Beauharnais was the first wife of Napoléon Bonaparte, and thus the first Empress of the French. Her first husband Alexandre de Beauharnais had been guillotined during the Reign of Terror, and she had been imprisoned in the Carmes prison until her release five days after Alexandre's...
and directed by M. Gouffé de la Cour, but disappeared in 1856 to make way for a railway. The garden was then re-established in the Parc Borély
Parc Borély
Parc Borély is a public municipal park in the city of Marseille, in France. It is classified by the French Ministry of Culture as one of the Notable Gardens of France. The park is 17 hectares in size. It adjoins the Jardin botanique E.M...
, on the site of today's rose garden, but was quickly judged too small by its director, Dr. Édouard Marie Heckel
Édouard Marie Heckel
Dr. Édouard Marie Heckel was a French botanist and medical doctor, and director of the Jardin botanique E.M. Heckel in Marseille....
, and in 1913 additional land was purchased next to the park, to which the garden was relocated and named in his honor.
Today the garden contains over 3,500 species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
, arranged in a garden of medicinal plants, a traditional Chinese garden
Chinese garden
The Chinese garden, also known as a Chinese classical garden, is a style of landscape garden which has evolved for more than three thousand years, and which is inspired by Chinese literature, Chinese painting and Chinese philosophy...
donated by the city of Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
in 2004, palmetum
Palmetum
A Palmetum is a collection of palms and not a natural population of palms. Most palmeta are botanical gardens specialized in growing, research, conserve and display species of the Arecaceae family.- History :...
(palm garden), garden vines, garden of succulents, Mediterranean garden, and a Japanese garden
Japanese garden
, that is, gardens in traditional Japanese style, can be found at private homes, in neighborhood or city parks, and at historical landmarks such as Buddhist temples, Shinto shrines and old castles....
. Of particular interest is a greenhouse containing nearly 300 species of South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
n flora.