Jean-François Calot
Encyclopedia
Jean-François Calot was a French
surgeon
best known for describing treatment of curvature of the spine
in Pott's disease. He also described a method of treating tuberculous abscesses
and defined Calot's triangle.
, and described Calot's triangle in his doctoral thesis in 1890. He worked as a surgeon at l'Hôpital Rotschild and l'Hôpital Cazin-Perrochaud in Berck
. He described his technique for treating Pott's disease of the spine in a paper he read to the Academy of Medicine
in Paris in 1896. Much of his work later in his career was in orthopaedic surgery
, particularly the treatment of war injuries; he founded the Institut orthopédique de Berck in 1900.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
surgeon
Surgery
Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
best known for describing treatment of curvature of the spine
Kyphosis
Kyphosis , also called roundback or Kelso's hunchback, is a condition of over-curvature of the thoracic vertebrae...
in Pott's disease. He also described a method of treating tuberculous abscesses
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
and defined Calot's triangle.
Biography
Calot studied medicine in ParisParis
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, and described Calot's triangle in his doctoral thesis in 1890. He worked as a surgeon at l'Hôpital Rotschild and l'Hôpital Cazin-Perrochaud in Berck
Berck
Berck, sometimes referred to as Berck-sur-Mer, is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France and lies within the Marquenterre regional park, an ornithological nature reserve...
. He described his technique for treating Pott's disease of the spine in a paper he read to the Academy of Medicine
Académie Nationale de Médecine
Académie Nationale de Médecine, or National Academy of Medicine was created in 1820 by king Louis XVIII at the urging of baron Antoine Portal. At its inception, the institution was known as the Académie Royale de Médecine...
in Paris in 1896. Much of his work later in his career was in orthopaedic surgery
Orthopedic surgery
Orthopedic surgery or orthopedics is the branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system...
, particularly the treatment of war injuries; he founded the Institut orthopédique de Berck in 1900.
Eponyms
- Calot's triangle – isosceles triangle bounded by the common hepatic ductCommon hepatic ductThe common hepatic duct is the duct formed by the convergence of the right hepatic duct and the left hepatic duct . The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct...
, the cystic ductCystic ductThe cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gall bladder to the common bile duct. It usually lies next to the cystic artery. It is of variable length...
and the cystic arteryCystic artery-Most common arrangement:In the classic arrangement, occurring with a frequency of approximately 70%, a singular cystic artery originates from the geniculate flexure of the right hepatic artery in the upper portion of the hepatobiliary triangle...
; it remains an important landmark for surgeons performing cholecystectomyCholecystectomyCholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. It is the most common method for treating symptomatic gallstones. Surgical options include the standard procedure, called laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and an older more invasive procedure, called open cholecystectomy.-Open surgery:A...
to avoid damaging the common bile ductCommon bile ductThe common bile duct is a tube-like anatomic structure in the human gastrointestinal tract. It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct . It is later joined by the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater...
. - Calot's node – gallbladderGallbladderIn vertebrates the gallbladder is a small organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and concentrates bile produced by the liver. In humans the loss of the gallbladder is usually easily tolerated....
lymph nodeLymph nodeA lymph node is a small ball or an oval-shaped organ of the immune system, distributed widely throughout the body including the armpit and stomach/gut and linked by lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes are garrisons of B, T, and other immune cells. Lymph nodes are found all through the body, and act as...
. - Calot's method – treatment of tuberculous abscesses by repeated puncture and immobilisation.
- Calot's operation – surgical correction of spinal deformity due to Pott's disease (spinal tuberculosis).