Jesús Flores Magón
Encyclopedia
Gaspar Jesús Melchor Flores Magón
(6 January 1871 – 7 December 1930) was a Mexican
politician, journalist, and jurist.
The more moderate middle brother of Ricardo
and Enrique Flores Magón
, he served in the cabinet of Francisco I. Madero
.
in the state of Oaxaca
in 1871,
to Margarita Magón and Teodoro Flores, a Nahau who had fought in Benito Juárez
's Liberal Army.
At an early age the family relocated to Mexico City
.
He graduated in law in 1897 and, in conjunction with his brother Ricardo, founded the newspaper Regeneración
, the first edition of which appeared on 7 August 1900. As editor of the paper, he was jailed on several occasions for criticising the judicial system. He was later expelled from the country for his anti-Porfirio Díaz
writings; he fled to the United States
where his political differences with his brothers – also exiled, and now espousing anarchist beliefs – deepened.
He returned to Mexico in 1910 following the overthrow of Porfirio Díaz in the early days of the Mexican Revolution
.
In 1911, alongside Antonio I. Villarreal, he began publishing a moderate version of the newspaper Regeneración in Mexico City, while his brothers – still in their U.S. exile – published a more radical broadsheet under the same title in Los Angeles, California
.
President
Francisco I. Madero
appointed him under-secretary for justice in his cabinet. He also served as secretary of the interior
from February to November 1912 and, subsequently, as secretary for development. Following Victoriano Huerta
's coup d'état in February 1913, he again went into exile.
Upon returning, he resumed his law practice.
During the tumultuous years that followed, he remained in Mexico Cit. When Venustiano Carranza
assumed the presidency, he chose to leave the country on account of the fact that he had been the running mate of presidential candidate Manuel Calero y Sierra; he returned to Mexico following Carranza's assassination.
(6 January 1871 – 7 December 1930) was a Mexican
Mexican people
Mexican people refers to all persons from Mexico, a multiethnic country in North America, and/or who identify with the Mexican cultural and/or national identity....
politician, journalist, and jurist.
The more moderate middle brother of Ricardo
Ricardo Flores Magón
Cipriano Ricardo Flores Magón was a noted Mexican anarchist and social reform activist. His brothers Enrique and Jesús were also active in politics. Followers of the Magón brothers were known as Magonistas....
and Enrique Flores Magón
Enrique Flores Magón
Enrique Flores Magón was a Mexican journalist and politician, associated with the Mexican Liberal Party and anarchism...
, he served in the cabinet of Francisco I. Madero
Francisco I. Madero
Francisco Ignacio Madero González was a politician, writer and revolutionary who served as President of Mexico from 1911 to 1913. As a respectable upper-class politician, he supplied a center around which opposition to the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz could coalesce...
.
Biography
Jesús Flores Magón was born in San Jerónimo TecóatlSan Jerónimo Tecoatl
San Jerónimo Tecoatl is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 17.86 km².It is part of the Teotitlán District in the north of the Cañada Region....
in the state of Oaxaca
Oaxaca
Oaxaca , , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca is one of the 31 states which, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 571 municipalities; of which 418 are governed by the system of customs and traditions...
in 1871,
to Margarita Magón and Teodoro Flores, a Nahau who had fought in Benito Juárez
Benito Juárez
Benito Juárez born Benito Pablo Juárez García, was a Mexican lawyer and politician of Zapotec origin from Oaxaca who served five terms as president of Mexico: 1858–1861 as interim, 1861–1865, 1865–1867, 1867–1871 and 1871–1872...
's Liberal Army.
At an early age the family relocated to Mexico City
Mexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
.
He graduated in law in 1897 and, in conjunction with his brother Ricardo, founded the newspaper Regeneración
Regeneración
Regeneración was a Mexican anarchist newspaper that functioned as the official organ of the Mexican Liberal Party. Founded by the Flores Magón brothers in 1900, it was forced to move to the United States in 1905. Jesús Flores Magón published the paper , while his brothers Ricardo and Enrique...
, the first edition of which appeared on 7 August 1900. As editor of the paper, he was jailed on several occasions for criticising the judicial system. He was later expelled from the country for his anti-Porfirio Díaz
Porfirio Díaz
José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori was a Mexican-American War volunteer and French intervention hero, an accomplished general and the President of Mexico continuously from 1876 to 1911, with the exception of a brief term in 1876 when he left Juan N...
writings; he fled to the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
where his political differences with his brothers – also exiled, and now espousing anarchist beliefs – deepened.
He returned to Mexico in 1910 following the overthrow of Porfirio Díaz in the early days of the Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution...
.
In 1911, alongside Antonio I. Villarreal, he began publishing a moderate version of the newspaper Regeneración in Mexico City, while his brothers – still in their U.S. exile – published a more radical broadsheet under the same title in Los Angeles, California
Los Angeles, California
Los Angeles , with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in California, USA and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of , and is located in Southern California...
.
President
President of Mexico
The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
Francisco I. Madero
Francisco I. Madero
Francisco Ignacio Madero González was a politician, writer and revolutionary who served as President of Mexico from 1911 to 1913. As a respectable upper-class politician, he supplied a center around which opposition to the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz could coalesce...
appointed him under-secretary for justice in his cabinet. He also served as secretary of the interior
Secretary of the Interior (Mexico)
The Mexican Secretary of the Interior is the head of the Secretariat of the Interior, concerned with the country's internal affairs, the presentation of the president's bills to Congress, their publication and certain issues of national security. The country's main intelligence agency, CISEN,...
from February to November 1912 and, subsequently, as secretary for development. Following Victoriano Huerta
Victoriano Huerta
José Victoriano Huerta Márquez was a Mexican military officer and president of Mexico. Huerta's supporters were known as Huertistas during the Mexican Revolution...
's coup d'état in February 1913, he again went into exile.
Upon returning, he resumed his law practice.
During the tumultuous years that followed, he remained in Mexico Cit. When Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza de la Garza, was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted...
assumed the presidency, he chose to leave the country on account of the fact that he had been the running mate of presidential candidate Manuel Calero y Sierra; he returned to Mexico following Carranza's assassination.