José Rodrigues
Encyclopedia
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, July 16 - 1828 — Lisbon, October 19, 1887) was a Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
painter
Painting
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
.
Considered his most famous work, O Pobre Rabequista
O Pobre Rabequista
O Pobre Rabequista is an oil painting, 1855 , by José Rodrigues.- Exhibitions :* 1855 - Universal Exhibition in Paris...
(The poor rabequista), painted in 1855, was first shown in Paris at the Universal Exhibition in 1855 and at the International Exposition of Porto
Porto
Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes...
in 1865, where he won the second award.
Early life
José Rodrigues, son of Apolinário José de Carvalho and Maria Leonarda, was baptised in "São João da Praça" on September 21, 1828, having as godfather José Rodrigues.José Rodrigues (his homonym) had five brothers and lived at the "Rua dos Bacalhoeiros" in Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, having married in 1863 with D. José Maria Rodrigues, daughter of José Rodrigues da Rocha, having also three children named (António Ribeiro Rodrigues, Teresa de Jesus Rodrigues and Leonor Matilde Rodrigues).
Prior to join the Academy of Fine Arts at (San Francisco Convent) as a volunteer student in 1841, he left a engraving
Engraving
Engraving is the practice of incising a design on to a hard, usually flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or glass are engraved, or may provide an intaglio printing plate, of copper or another metal, for printing...
dated of 1840. The existence of a colleague at the Academy also homonym
Homonym
In linguistics, a homonym is, in the strict sense, one of a group of words that often but not necessarily share the same spelling and the same pronunciation but have different meanings...
, he officially requested the reduction of its name to "José Rodrigues." At fourteen years of age, in the drawing competition history, he won a prize in a copy of a bas-relief, modelling from student to student. From that time (1842) there still remains an engraving, signed and dated by José Rodrigues.
In 1843, during an exhibition of Works by students, he presented a drawing in bas-relief. In that year, each of the following received an award: Miguel Ângelo Lupi
Miguel Ângelo Lupi
Miguel Ângelo Lupi was a Portuguese Romantic painter. He was a professor of historical painting at the Academy of Fine Arts in Lisbon....
, Angelino da Cruz Castro e Silva, António José Lopes Júnior and Ernesto Gerard.
In the academic year of 1845/1846, he entered higher education in the subject of historical painting and won an award. In December 1846, he was attributed another award for a life-model drawing.
Classmates
Some of José Rodrigues’ classmates were João Pedro Monteiro (Monteirinho), Francisco Augusto Metrass, Tomás da AnunciaçãoTomás da Anunciação
Tomás José da Anunciação, who was born at Ajuda near Lisbon, in 1821, learned his art in the academy of that city, and afterwards travelled through Spain and France. He was principally an animal painter, and was considered the best artist in that branch of art in the Peninsula; but he occasionally...
, Joaquim Pedro de Sousa, António José Patrício, amongst others.
Awards
At the triennial exhibition of 1849, he was awarded with a gold medal by the Queen, Dona Maria II.At its conference in August 1849, the Academy of Fine Arts awarded José Rodrigues with a gold medal for his painting, Aparição do Anjo S. Gabriel ao profeta Daniel.
At an exhibition, promoted by the Portuguese Industrial Association, José Rodrigues received the Silver Medal with honours.
In 1865, he was nominated “Academic of Merit” at the Academy of Fine Arts’ General Conference.
Throughout his life, against his wishes, he was forced to paint portraits in order to survive; a fact which caused him to become melancholic and given to illness. He gave classes at the Irish-owned "Monastery of Bom-Sucesso" and at the private school, "S. José das Dominicanas de S. Domingos de Benfica", amongst others.
The artist died at his home in Rua dos Bacalhoeiros, Lisbon, on October the 19th, 1887.
Reviews of his work
- According to José Augusto França, the artist dedicated himself to the painting of customs, within a sphere of sentimental realism and his work was hindered by a difficulty in separating sentimentalism from realismRealism (arts)Realism in the visual arts and literature refers to the general attempt to depict subjects "in accordance with secular, empirical rules", as they are considered to exist in third person objective reality, without embellishment or interpretation...
.
Diverse
- The Works of José Rodrigues and other contemporaries of his time are being studied within the subject of 19th Century Art (The Romantic Movement) at the Faculty of Arts of the University of Oporto.
- On November the 16th 1882, the artist entered into an agreement with the City Council of Lisbon for the production of two paintings for the Council’s main “Meeting Chamber”.
In the contract, José Rodrigues committed himself to the creation of two real-life and full-body paintings of Alexandre Herculano
Alexandre Herculano
Alexandre Herculano de Carvalho e Araújo , was a Portuguese novelist and historian.-Early life:...
(1810–1877) and Manuel Fernandes Tomás (1771–1822), in memory of their noble life contributions. The contract was signed by the presiding Chairman of the Council, José Gregório da Rosa Araujo and by the artist.
The paintings currently exposed in the “Meeting Chamber” of the City Council.
Selected works
-
-
-
-
-
- For lack of private health and other reasons, i take up two years without brushes, ... Today April 21, 1883, wishing to continue this relationship and far as i remember, without having signed order, are:
-
-
-
-
Oil paintings
- The poor of púcara in half body. It belonged to the king D. Fernando
- The poor rabequista (or Blind Rabequista), composition of three figures in natural size. It belonged to the king - Fernando and then to Mr. Conde do Ameal and currently is part of the booty Chiado MuseumChiado MuseumThe Chiado Museum is an art museum located in Lisbon, in the Chiado neighbourhood. It was created in 1911 and re-inaugurated, in new installations, in 1994....
. - The malmequer. It belonged to D. Rufina Maria Iglesias of Lima.
- Cliffs of La Mancha. He belonged to the Marquis de Sousa HolsteinPedro de Sousa HolsteinDom Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Count, 1st Marquess and 1st Duke of Palmela was one of the most important Portuguese diplomats and statesmen in the first half of the 19th century. He also served as the country's first Prime Minister...
. - The old vegetable seller in SintraSintraSintra is a town within the municipality of Sintra in the Grande Lisboa subregion of Portugal. Owing to its 19th century Romantic architecture and landscapes, becoming a major tourist centre, visited by many day-trippers who travel from the urbanized suburbs and capital of Lisbon.In addition to...
. It belonged to the king D. LuisLuís I of Portugal|-...
. - The peasant. It belonged to the king - D. Luis.
- Margins of the Tagus river, around SantarémSantarém, PortugalSantarém is a city in the Santarém Municipality in Portugal. The city itself has a population of 28,760 and the entire municipality has 64,124 inhabitants.It is the capital of Santarém District....
. It belonged to the king - Luis. - Lady of Good luck. It belonged to D. Rufina Maria Iglesias of Lima.
- Flowers and fruit; height 1.72 m. It belonged to the king D. Fernando.
- The city, under the roof of the hall of great sessions of the Municipal Council of Lisbon. 5.m long, for 4.m high. 1883.
Oil portraits
- His Majesty the King - Pedro V, reminiscent, in transparent, to celebrate the Aclamação in Beja.
- Adviser Jose da Silva Carvalho, a copy to Portalegre. 85. Anonymous.
- His Eminence Cardinal Patriarch of Lisbon, D. Manuel Bento Rodrigues, to Braga.
- His Majesty the King - Pedro V, for the hall of the Commerce Square in Lisbon.
- His Majesty the King - Louis to the chamber of capelos the University of Coimbra, part of 3.m tall.
- His Majesty the King - Pedro V (reminiscent of) to school Mafra, order of Madrépora Society of Rio de Janeiro.
- His Majesty the King - Luis, for the Ministry of the Navy to the palace of the Government in Mozambique, part of 2.60 by 1.70 m.
- His Majesty the King - Luis, to the House of deputy.
- His Majesty the King - Pedro V, reminiscent, for the Society of Rio de Janeiro, part of 2.me 50, by 1.me 50.
- Self-portrait of the artist, at nineteen years of age.
- Self-portrait of the painter, dressed in cape and hat.