João do Rio
Encyclopedia
João do Rio was the pseudonym of the Brazil
ian journalist
, short-story writer
and playwright
João Paulo Emilio Cristóvão dos Santos Coelho Barreto, a Brazil
ian author and journalist of African descent (August 5, 1881, Rio de Janeiro
— June 23, 1921, Rio de Janeiro). He was elected on May 7, 1910 for the chair # 26 of Brazilian Academy of Letters.
), and Florência dos Santos Barreto (housewife
). Paulo Barreto was born in Hospício St., 284 (current Buenos Aires St., in Rio de Janeiro
’s downtown
). He take classes of Portuguese language
in the traditional Colégio São Bento (São Bento school) where started to exert his natural endowment for literature. At the age of 15, he was admitted in the National Gymnasium; today, Colégio D. Pedro II (D. Pedro II school).
On June 1, 1899, with less than 18 years, he had a text published for the first time in a newspaper
, A Tribuna. Signed with his own name, it was a review entitled Lucília Simões about the play A Doll's House
of Ibsen, performed in Santana Theater (current Carlos Gomes Theater).
Prolific writer, between 1900 and 1903 he collaborated under various pen name
s with some prominent publications of the time as O Paíz, O Dia (not the same newspaper of today), Correio Mercantil, ' O Tagarela and O Coió. In 1903, he is appointed by Nilo Peçanha
for the newspaper Gazeta de Notícias, where he would stay until 1913. It was in this periodical that, on November 26, 1903 João Do Rio, his most famous pseudonym was born, signing an article called O Brasil Lê (Brazil Reads), an inquiry about the literary preferences of the Carioca
reader. And, as indicated by Gomes (1996, p.44), “from this time forth, the name that fixes the literary identity swallows Paulo Barreto. Under this mask he will publish all his books and cultivates his fame. Next to the name, the name of the city”.
", it constitutes an in important anthropological and sociological analysis, early recognized as such, particularly by the four pioneering texts about African cult
s, which precedes in more than a quarter of century the publications of Nina Rodrigues on the subject (beyond that, the works of Rodrigues was practically restricted to the academic circles of Bahia
).
Scholars had pointed out similarities between " As religiões do Rio " and the book "Les petites réligions of Paris" (1898), of the French
Jules Bois. However, the similarity seems to be much more in the general idea (an inquiry on the religious minorities manifestations in a great city) than in the plan of the formal accomplishment.
The news articles series aroused such great curiosity that Barreto published them in book form, and sold more than 8,000 copies in six years. This achievement is still more impressive in view of the restricted reading public of the time, in a country with high illiteracy rates.
Some biographers criticize Barreto for the fact that, when he realised the bonanza he could obtain by the publication of collections (something that would become common in Brazil in the second half of 20th century), he developed a "formula" to inflate his own bibliography.
should not be held at the Academy hall, as usual for members, because her son would not approve the idea.
, whose works he translated into Portuguese. Historians have named him as a "notable black homosexual writer".
An odd person, dressed like a "fashion plate" (Rodrigues, 1996, p. 239), Barreto never dared to defy the stereotypes with which the society labels the homosexuals. However, in aspiring to defend new ideas in social and political fields, his "voluminous, thick-lipped and dark figure with a very smooth coat" (as registered by Gilberto Amado) became a perfect target for all sorts of reactionaries, homophobics and racists like Humberto de Campos.
His presumed "flirt" with Isadora Duncan
in 1916 (when she was performing in the Municipal Theater of Rio de Janeiro), expresses this sexual ambiguity. Duncan and Barreto had met previously in Portugal
, but was only during her presentation in Rio that they become close. The exact level of this intimacy is a mystery. Rodrigues (1996) talks about a factoid or hype, an expedient to attract the attention of the press, whilst other sources cite a supposed dialogue where the dancer would had questioned Barreto about his pederasty, and he would had answered in French
: Je suis trés corrompu (I am completely corrupt).
. Threatened by a fishing nationalization law decreed by the Brazilian government, the Poveiros went on strike.
The activity of Barreto in favor of the Portuguese colony brought to him a lot of enemies, numberless moral offences (leaf lard with two eyes was one of the lightest) and even a despicable episode of physical aggression: entrapped alone when he took a meal in a restaurant, he was beaten by a group of nationalists
.
The news about João do Rio's death quickly spread for all the city. A guessed number of 100,000 persons went to the burial of the writer that years ago, under the pen name of Godofredo De Alencar, had registered his preferential option for the diversity:
The name Paulo Barreto christens an inexpressive street in the quarter of Botafogo, in Rio de Janeiro. As Graciliano Ramos
pointed out, the homage made is modest: they had offered a short street to him (Gomes, 1996, p. 11).
in the movie Taboo (1982) and by Otávio Augusto in the movie Brasilia 18% (2006).
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian journalist
Journalist
A journalist collects and distributes news and other information. A journalist's work is referred to as journalism.A reporter is a type of journalist who researchs, writes, and reports on information to be presented in mass media, including print media , electronic media , and digital media A...
, short-story writer
Writer
A writer is a person who produces literature, such as novels, short stories, plays, screenplays, poetry, or other literary art. Skilled writers are able to use language to portray ideas and images....
and playwright
Playwright
A playwright, also called a dramatist, is a person who writes plays.The term is not a variant spelling of "playwrite", but something quite distinct: the word wright is an archaic English term for a craftsman or builder...
João Paulo Emilio Cristóvão dos Santos Coelho Barreto, a Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian author and journalist of African descent (August 5, 1881, Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
— June 23, 1921, Rio de Janeiro). He was elected on May 7, 1910 for the chair # 26 of Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Life
Son of Alfredo Coelho Barreto (a Mathematics teacher and positivistPositivism
Positivism is a a view of scientific methods and a philosophical approach, theory, or system based on the view that, in the social as well as natural sciences, sensory experiences and their logical and mathematical treatment are together the exclusive source of all worthwhile information....
), and Florência dos Santos Barreto (housewife
Housewife
Housewife is a term used to describe a married woman with household responsibilities who is not employed outside the home. Merriam Webster describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household...
). Paulo Barreto was born in Hospício St., 284 (current Buenos Aires St., in Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
’s downtown
Downtown
Downtown is a term primarily used in North America by English speakers to refer to a city's core or central business district ....
). He take classes of Portuguese language
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
in the traditional Colégio São Bento (São Bento school) where started to exert his natural endowment for literature. At the age of 15, he was admitted in the National Gymnasium; today, Colégio D. Pedro II (D. Pedro II school).
On June 1, 1899, with less than 18 years, he had a text published for the first time in a newspaper
Newspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...
, A Tribuna. Signed with his own name, it was a review entitled Lucília Simões about the play A Doll's House
A Doll's House
A Doll's House is a three-act play in prose by the Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen. It premièred at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 21 December 1879, having been published earlier that month....
of Ibsen, performed in Santana Theater (current Carlos Gomes Theater).
Prolific writer, between 1900 and 1903 he collaborated under various pen name
Pen name
A pen name, nom de plume, or literary double, is a pseudonym adopted by an author. A pen name may be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise his or her gender, to distance an author from some or all of his or her works, to protect the author from retribution for his or her...
s with some prominent publications of the time as O Paíz, O Dia (not the same newspaper of today), Correio Mercantil, ' O Tagarela and O Coió. In 1903, he is appointed by Nilo Peçanha
Nilo Peçanha
Nilo Procópio Peçanha was a Brazilian politician. Governor of Rio de Janeiro State . Elected vice-president in 1906, he assumed the presidency in 1909 following the death of President Afonso Pena and served until 1910...
for the newspaper Gazeta de Notícias, where he would stay until 1913. It was in this periodical that, on November 26, 1903 João Do Rio, his most famous pseudonym was born, signing an article called O Brasil Lê (Brazil Reads), an inquiry about the literary preferences of the Carioca
Carioca
Carioca is a Portuguese adjective or demonym that is used to refer to the native inhabitants of the city of Rio de Janeiro - capital of the homonym state , in Brazil...
reader. And, as indicated by Gomes (1996, p.44), “from this time forth, the name that fixes the literary identity swallows Paulo Barreto. Under this mask he will publish all his books and cultivates his fame. Next to the name, the name of the city”.
Paulo Barreto, journalist
According to his biographers, Barreto represented the outgrowth of a new type of journalist in the Brazilian press of the beginning of the 20th century. Until then, the literary and journalistic practice by intellectuals was regarded as of little account, a lesser activity for people with many vacant hours (e.g., public servants). Paulo Barreto has moved the literary creation frontwards and started to live from this, using his pen names (more than ten) to attract various audiences.The religions of Rio
Between February and March 1904, he carried through a series of news articles entitled As religiões do Rio (The religions of Rio ). Beyond its character of "investigative journalismInvestigative journalism
Investigative journalism is a form of journalism in which reporters deeply investigate a single topic of interest, often involving crime, political corruption, or corporate wrongdoing. An investigative journalist may spend months or years researching and preparing a report. Investigative journalism...
", it constitutes an in important anthropological and sociological analysis, early recognized as such, particularly by the four pioneering texts about African cult
Religion in Brazil
Religion in Brazil has a higher adherence level compared to other Latin American countries, and is more diverse.In 1891, when the first Brazilian Republican Constitution was set forth, Brazil ceased to have an official religion. The present Constitution guarantees absolute freedom of religion...
s, which precedes in more than a quarter of century the publications of Nina Rodrigues on the subject (beyond that, the works of Rodrigues was practically restricted to the academic circles of Bahia
Bahia
Bahia is one of the 26 states of Brazil, and is located in the northeastern part of the country on the Atlantic coast. It is the fourth most populous Brazilian state after São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro, and the fifth-largest in size...
).
Scholars had pointed out similarities between " As religiões do Rio " and the book "Les petites réligions of Paris" (1898), of the French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Jules Bois. However, the similarity seems to be much more in the general idea (an inquiry on the religious minorities manifestations in a great city) than in the plan of the formal accomplishment.
The news articles series aroused such great curiosity that Barreto published them in book form, and sold more than 8,000 copies in six years. This achievement is still more impressive in view of the restricted reading public of the time, in a country with high illiteracy rates.
Some biographers criticize Barreto for the fact that, when he realised the bonanza he could obtain by the publication of collections (something that would become common in Brazil in the second half of 20th century), he developed a "formula" to inflate his own bibliography.
Paulo Barreto, immortal
Elect for the Brazilian Academy of Letters in his third attempt (1910), Paulo Barreto was the first person to be admitted there using the now famous "fardão dos imortais" (the "uniform of the immortals"). Years later, with the election of his adversary, the poet Humberto de Campos, Barreto moved away from the institution. According to some biographers, when informed of his death, his mother ordered that the funeral serviceWake (ceremony)
A wake is a ceremony associated with death. Traditionally, a wake takes place in the house of the deceased, with the body present; however, modern wakes are often performed at a funeral home. In the United States and Canada it is synonymous with a viewing...
should not be held at the Academy hall, as usual for members, because her son would not approve the idea.
Paulo Barreto, homosexual
Since early, the sexual preferences of Barreto brought forth suspicion (and, later, gibe) among his contemporaries. Bachelor, without girlfriend or known mistress, many of his texts leave transparently a sufficiently explicit homoerotic inclination. The suspicion was practically confirmed when he presented himself as promoter in Brazil of the works of the "cursed" Oscar WildeOscar Wilde
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde was an Irish writer and poet. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s...
, whose works he translated into Portuguese. Historians have named him as a "notable black homosexual writer".
An odd person, dressed like a "fashion plate" (Rodrigues, 1996, p. 239), Barreto never dared to defy the stereotypes with which the society labels the homosexuals. However, in aspiring to defend new ideas in social and political fields, his "voluminous, thick-lipped and dark figure with a very smooth coat" (as registered by Gilberto Amado) became a perfect target for all sorts of reactionaries, homophobics and racists like Humberto de Campos.
His presumed "flirt" with Isadora Duncan
Isadora Duncan
Isadora Duncan was a dancer, considered by many to be the creator of modern dance. Born in the United States, she lived in Western Europe and the Soviet Union from the age of 22 until her death at age 50. In the United States she was popular only in New York, and only later in her life...
in 1916 (when she was performing in the Municipal Theater of Rio de Janeiro), expresses this sexual ambiguity. Duncan and Barreto had met previously in Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, but was only during her presentation in Rio that they become close. The exact level of this intimacy is a mystery. Rodrigues (1996) talks about a factoid or hype, an expedient to attract the attention of the press, whilst other sources cite a supposed dialogue where the dancer would had questioned Barreto about his pederasty, and he would had answered in French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
: Je suis trés corrompu (I am completely corrupt).
Paulo Barreto, paladin
In 1920, Barreto established the periodical A Pátria (The Fatherland, ironically called A Mátria–or The Motherland– by his detractors), in which he sought to defend the interests of the Poveiros, Portuguese fishermen from Póvoa do Varzim that supplied with food fishes the city of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
. Threatened by a fishing nationalization law decreed by the Brazilian government, the Poveiros went on strike.
The activity of Barreto in favor of the Portuguese colony brought to him a lot of enemies, numberless moral offences (leaf lard with two eyes was one of the lightest) and even a despicable episode of physical aggression: entrapped alone when he took a meal in a restaurant, he was beaten by a group of nationalists
Nationalism
Nationalism is a political ideology that involves a strong identification of a group of individuals with a political entity defined in national terms, i.e. a nation. In the 'modernist' image of the nation, it is nationalism that creates national identity. There are various definitions for what...
.
The death of João do Rio
Overweight, Barreto was feeling bad during all June 23, 1921. He took a taxi and, on the increasing of the malaise, he asked for the driver to stop and brought for him a glass of water. However, before the help arrived, he died of a sudden myocardial infarct.The news about João do Rio's death quickly spread for all the city. A guessed number of 100,000 persons went to the burial of the writer that years ago, under the pen name of Godofredo De Alencar, had registered his preferential option for the diversity:
- In the organized societies only interests: the high society and the scoundrel. Because they are unexpected and alike for the courage of the resources and the absence of scruples. (Gomes, 1996, p.69).
The name Paulo Barreto christens an inexpressive street in the quarter of Botafogo, in Rio de Janeiro. As Graciliano Ramos
Graciliano Ramos
Graciliano Ramos de Oliveira was a Brazilian Post-Modernist writer, politician and journalist. In most of his novels he depicts the precarious situation of the poor inhabitants of the Brazilian sertão.-Life:Graciliano Ramos de Oliveira was born in the city of Quebrangulo, in the Brazilian State...
pointed out, the homage made is modest: they had offered a short street to him (Gomes, 1996, p. 11).
Chronology
- 1881: Paulo Barreto is born on August 5.
- 1896: is admitted to the National Gymnasium (now, Colégio Pedro II).
- 1898: dies Bernardo Gutemberg, youngest brother of Paulo Barreto.
- 1899: on June 1 publishes his first text.
- 1900: starts to write for some papers of the Carioca press.
- 1902: tries to enter to diplomacyDiplomacyDiplomacy is the art and practice of conducting negotiations between representatives of groups or states...
, but is diplomatically refused by the Baron of the Rio Branco, supposedly for being fat, mulattoMulattoMulatto denotes a person with one white parent and one black parent, or more broadly, a person of mixed black and white ancestry. Contemporary usage of the term varies greatly, and the broader sense of the term makes its application rather subjective, as not all people of mixed white and black...
and homosexual (Gomes, 1996, p. 114). - 1903: by means of Nilo Peçanha, starts to work in the Gazeta de Notícias, where he would remain up to 1913.
- 1904: between February and March, he carries through the series of news articles As religiões do Rio (The religions of Rio) for the Gazeta , later turned into book.
- 1905: in November, becomes lecturer.
- 1906: debut his first play, the reviewReviewA review is an evaluation of a publication, a product or a service, such as a movie , video game, musical composition , book ; a piece of hardware like a car, home appliance, or computer; or an event or performance, such as a live music concert, a play, musical theater show or dance show...
Chic-Chic (written in partnership with journalist J. Brito). - 1907: the dramaDramaDrama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The term comes from a Greek word meaning "action" , which is derived from "to do","to act" . The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a stage before an audience, presupposes collaborative modes of production and a...
Clotilde , of his authorship, is staged in the theater Recreio Dramático. In the same year, he was candidate for the second time to Brazilian Academy of Letters. - 1908: in December, makes his first voyage to EuropeEuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
, having visited PortugalPortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
and ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. - 1909: in March, dies Barreto's father and he and his mother moved to the old quarter of LapaLapa (Rio de Janeiro)Lapa is a neighbourhood in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil. It is located in the centre of Rio and is famous for its historical monuments and nightlife....
(in separate houses, however). In November, he launches a book for children, Era uma vez … (Once upon a time... ), in partnership with Viriato Correia. - 1910: is elected to the Brazilian Academy of Letters. In December, makes a second voyage to the Europe and visits LisbonLisbonLisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, PortoPortoPorto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes...
, MadridMadridMadrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
, BarcelonaBarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...
, ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, the French RivieraFrench RivieraThe Côte d'Azur, pronounced , often known in English as the French Riviera , is the Mediterranean coastline of the southeast corner of France, also including the sovereign state of Monaco...
and ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
. - 1911: with a loan supplied by Barreto, Irineu Marinho leaves the Gazeta and launches in June the periodical A Noite (The Night). One year later, he quits integrally the loan.
- 1912: is launched Oscar WildeOscar WildeOscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde was an Irish writer and poet. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s...
's book Intentions, in a translation of Barreto. - 1913: becomes foreigner correspondent of the Sciences Academy of Lisbon. In November, makes his third voyage to Europe, having visited Lisbon (where his play A Bela Madame Vargas – The Beautiful Madame Vargas – is staged with great success), Paris, GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, IstanbulIstanbulIstanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
, RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, GreeceGreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, Jerusalem and CairoCairoCairo , is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world and Africa, and the 16th largest metropolitan area in the world. Nicknamed "The City of a Thousand Minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life...
. - 1915: travels to ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
and falls in love with the country. He declares that Buenos AiresBuenos AiresBuenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
is the gauchoGauchoGaucho is a term commonly used to describe residents of the South American pampas, chacos, or Patagonian grasslands, found principally in parts of Argentina, Uruguay, Southern Chile, and Southern Brazil...
LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
(Gomes, 1996, p. 120). - 1916: becomes friend of Isadora Duncan, during her presentations in the Municipal Theater of Rio de Janeiro. Side by side with Gilberto Amado, would have testified Duncan dancing naked under the moonlight, near the Cascatinha, a little waterfall in the National Park of Tijuca.
- 1917: on May 22, writes for O Paiz a chronicle named Praia Maravilhosa (Wonderful Beach) where he exalts the wonders of the beach of IpanemaIpanemaFor other uses, see Ipanema . For the British rock band, see Ipanema .Ipanema is a neighborhood located in the southern region of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between Leblon and Arpoador...
. He is gifted with two lots in the future quarter, where he starts to dwell in this same year. He establishes and starts to direct the SBAT (Brazilian Society of Playwrights). - 1918: travels to Europe to cover the conference of armisticeArmisticeAn armistice is a situation in a war where the warring parties agree to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, but may be just a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace...
in VersaillesVersaillesVersailles , a city renowned for its château, the Palace of Versailles, was the de facto capital of the kingdom of France for over a century, from 1682 to 1789. It is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and remains an important administrative and judicial centre...
, after World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
. - 1919: publishes the story book A mulher e os espelhos (The woman and the mirrors).
- 1920: establishes the newspaper A Pátria (The Fatherland ), where he defends the cause of the Portuguese colony in Rio. Due this, he is subjected to moral offences and physical aggression.
- 1921: on June 23, he dies of myocardial infarctionMyocardial infarctionMyocardial infarction or acute myocardial infarction , commonly known as a heart attack, results from the interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart, causing heart cells to die...
. His burial is followed by more than 100,000 persons.
João Do Rio in the Mass Culture
João Do Rio has been portrayed in Brazilian cinema and television. He was played by José LewgoyJosé Lewgoy
José Lewgoy was an American-Brazilian television, film and theatre actor.He was born in Veranópolis, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, to a Russian father and an American mother, who met in New York. He died in Rio de Janeiro. He was considered one of the best actors in Brazil, and was usually typecast...
in the movie Taboo (1982) and by Otávio Augusto in the movie Brasilia 18% (2006).
Works
- As religiões do Rio. Paris: Garnier, 1904?
- O memento literário. Paris: Garnier, 1905?
- A alma encantadora das ruas. Paris: Garnier, 1908.
- Era uma vez... (em co-autoria com Viriato Correia). Rio de Janeiro: Francisco Alves, 1909.
- Cinematographo: crônicas cariocas. Porto: Lello & Irmão, 1909.
- Fados, canções e danças de Portugal. Paris: Garnier, 1910.
- Dentro da noite. Paris: Garnier, 1910.
- A profissão de Jacques Pedreira. Paris: Garnier, 1911.
- Psicologia urbana: O amor carioca; O figurino; O flirt; A delícia de mentir; Discurso de recepção. Paris: Garnier, 1911.
- Vida vertiginosa. Paris: Garnier, 1911.
- Portugal d'agora. Paris: Garnier, 1911.
- Os dias passam.... Porto: Lello & Irmão, 1912.
- A bela madame Vargas. Rio de Janeiro: Briguiet, 1912?
- Eva. Rio de Janeiro: Villas Boas, 1915.
- Crônicas e frases de Godofredo de Alencar. Lisboa: Bertrand, 1916?
- Pall-Mall Rio: o inverno carioca de 1916. Rio de Janeiro: Villas Boas, 1917.
- Nos tempos de Venceslau. Rio de Janeiro: Villas Boas, 1917.
- Sésamo. Rio de Janeiro: Francisco Alves, 1917.
- A correspondência de um estação de cura. Rio de Janeiro: Leite Ribeiro & Maurílio, 1918.
- A mulher e os espelhos. Lisboa: Portugal-Brasil, 1919?
- Na conferência da Paz. 3 v. Rio de Janeiro: Villas Boas, 1919-20.
- Adiante!. Paris: Aillaud; Lisboa: Bertrand, 1919.
- Ramo de loiro: notícias em louvor. Paris: Aillaud; Lisboa: Bertrand, 1921.
- Rosário da ilusão.... Lisboa: Portugal-Brasil; Rio de Janeiro: Americana, 1921?
- Celebridades, desejo. Ed. póstuma. Rio de Janeiro: Centro Luso-Brasileiro Paulo Barreto, 1932.