Juan Hernández Saravia
Encyclopedia
Juan Hernández Saravia was a Spanish
military officer prominent in the Spanish Civil War
on the Republican side.
He was born into a bourgeois family, and continued a family tradition by enrolling in the artillery
school in 1897. He opposed the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
. He became a friend of Manuel Azaña
, leading to his 1931 appointment as Minister of the War.
During the Spanish Civil War, he was Republican commander at the Battle of Teruel
. Later, he commanded at the Battle of the Ebro
but was dismissed at the very end of the war for "defeatism".
After the Republican defeat he lived in exile
in France
and later in Mexico, until his death.
Spanish people
The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history....
military officer prominent in the Spanish Civil War
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil WarAlso known as The Crusade among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War among Carlists, and The Rebellion or Uprising among Republicans. was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939...
on the Republican side.
He was born into a bourgeois family, and continued a family tradition by enrolling in the artillery
Artillery
Originally applied to any group of infantry primarily armed with projectile weapons, artillery has over time become limited in meaning to refer only to those engines of war that operate by projection of munitions far beyond the range of effect of personal weapons...
school in 1897. He opposed the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
Primo de Rivera
Primo de Rivera is a Spanish family prominent in politics of the 19th and 20th centuries:*Fernando Primo de Rivera, Spanish politician and soldier, 1831-1921*Miguel Primo de Rivera , dictator of Spain from 23 September 1923 to 1930...
. He became a friend of Manuel Azaña
Manuel Azaña
Manuel Azaña Díaz was a Spanish politician. He was the first Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic , and later served again as Prime Minister , and then as the second and last President of the Republic . The Spanish Civil War broke out while he was President...
, leading to his 1931 appointment as Minister of the War.
During the Spanish Civil War, he was Republican commander at the Battle of Teruel
Battle of Teruel
The Battle of Teruel was fought in and around the city of Teruel during the Spanish Civil War in December 1937 – February 1938. The combatants fought the battle during the worst Spanish winter in twenty years. It was one of the bloodier actions of the war. The city changed hands several times,...
. Later, he commanded at the Battle of the Ebro
Battle of the Ebro
The Battle of the Ebro was the longest and bloodiest battle of the Spanish Civil War...
but was dismissed at the very end of the war for "defeatism".
After the Republican defeat he lived in exile
Exile
Exile means to be away from one's home , while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened with imprisonment or death upon return...
in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and later in Mexico, until his death.