József Klekl (politician)
Encyclopedia
József Klekl (October 13, 1874 – May 30, 1948) Slovene (Prekmurian
) Roman Catholic priest and politician in Hungary
, writer, governor of the Slovene People's Party (Slovenska lüdska stranka), later congressman in Belgrade
. Klekl was an active proponent of the independence of Slovene March in Hungary
(Slovenska krajina), some time the fusion with State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
.
, in Krajna, near the Styrian border. Here also was born the writer József Klekl
(b. 1879), his cousin. Inasmuch as he is the senior, his distinction is József Klekl the Elder (Jožef Klekl Stari) in Slovenia
n. His parents, István Klekl and Teréz Sálmán, were farmers. The Klekl family is of German descent. His grandfather Anton Klekl was born in Kellerdorf, near Radkersburg, Austria
.
On July 11, 1897 Klekl became priest and five year chaplain of Ferenc Ivanóczy in Tišina
. Ivanóczy was at the time the governor of the Hungarian Slovenes
. From 1902-1903 he was chaplain in Incéd (Burgenland
), and from 1903-1905 in Črenšovci
. In 1905 he became priest of Pečarovci
. In 1910 he retired on a pension and lived in Črenšovci.
In 1918 the Austro-Hungarian Empire was breaking up. Klekl was in connection with the famous Slovene politician Anton Korošec
. Korošec and a few Slovene politicians were behind the independent Slovene March, what would later make member of Yugoslavia
. Klekl, József Szakovics
, Iván Bassa
, István Kühár
and József Csárics worked out the Slovene March programme, but in Hungary the Bolshevik
administration came to power and Serbian forces quickly annexed the Prekmurje.
For a long time the Prekmurians were angry at Klekl, as he did not give rise to the independent Slovene krajina. The country of Szentgotthárd
henceforward remained in Hungary and in Prekmurje the official language became Slovene, not Prekmurian.
Klekl and Szakovics actively wrote and championed the standard Prekmurian dialect in the 20th century, which after 1945 was banned.
Klekl died in Murska Sobota
in 1948.
Prekmurians
The Prekmurje Slovenes are Slovenes from Prekmurje in Slovenia and Vendvidék and Somogy in Hungary. The Prekmurje Slovenes speak the Prekmurje dialect and have a common culture...
) Roman Catholic priest and politician in Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, writer, governor of the Slovene People's Party (Slovenska lüdska stranka), later congressman in Belgrade
Belgrade
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...
. Klekl was an active proponent of the independence of Slovene March in Hungary
Slovene March (Kingdom of Hungary)
The Slovene March or Slovene krajina was the traditional denomination of the Slovene-speaking areas of the Vas and Zala County in the Kingdom of Hungary from the late 18th century until the Treaty of Trianon in 1919...
(Slovenska krajina), some time the fusion with State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs was a short-lived state formed from the southernmost parts of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy after its dissolution at the end of the World War I by the resident population of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs...
.
Early life
Klekl born in PrekmurjePrekmurje
Prekmurje is a geographically, linguistically, culturally and ethnically defined region settled by Slovenes and lying between the Mur River in Slovenia and the Rába Valley in the most western part of Hungary...
, in Krajna, near the Styrian border. Here also was born the writer József Klekl
József Klekl (writer)
József Klekl the Jr. was a Slovene writer, journalist, and Roman Catholic priest in Hungary, later in the Prekmurje .Klekl was born in Krajna, near Tišina from father András Klekl and mother Anna Lülik. András Klekl's brother was István Klekl, the father of József Klekl, who was Slovene politician...
(b. 1879), his cousin. Inasmuch as he is the senior, his distinction is József Klekl the Elder (Jožef Klekl Stari) in Slovenia
Slovenia
Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy to the west, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north, and also has a small portion of...
n. His parents, István Klekl and Teréz Sálmán, were farmers. The Klekl family is of German descent. His grandfather Anton Klekl was born in Kellerdorf, near Radkersburg, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
.
On July 11, 1897 Klekl became priest and five year chaplain of Ferenc Ivanóczy in Tišina
Tišina
Tišina is a town and municipality in the Prekmurje region of northeastern Slovenia. It has been an independent municipality since 1 January 1999...
. Ivanóczy was at the time the governor of the Hungarian Slovenes
Hungarian Slovenes
Hungarian Slovenes are an autochthonous ethnic and linguistic Slovene minority living in Hungary. The largest groups are the Rába Slovenes in the Rába Valley in western Hungary between the town of Szentgotthárd and the borders with Slovenia and Austria. They speak the Prekmurje dialect of Slovene...
. From 1902-1903 he was chaplain in Incéd (Burgenland
Burgenland
Burgenland is the easternmost and least populous state or Land of Austria. It consists of two Statutarstädte and seven districts with in total 171 municipalities. It is 166 km long from north to south but much narrower from west to east...
), and from 1903-1905 in Črenšovci
Crenšovci
Črenšovci is a settlement and a municipality in the Prekmurje region in northeastern Slovenia.The Parish Church in Črenšovci is dedicated to The Holy Cross and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Murska Sobota...
. In 1905 he became priest of Pečarovci
Pečarovci
Pečarovci is a village in the Puconci Municipality in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia.Thre are two churches in the settlement. The Roman Catholic Parish Church is dedicated to Saint Sebastian and was built in 1824. It has a single nave with a polygonal apse and a belfry on its eastern side. It...
. In 1910 he retired on a pension and lived in Črenšovci.
Politician agency
In 1904 Klekl founded the Hungarian Slovene Catholic newspaper Marijin liszt. In 1914 he founded the semi-radical newspaper Novine. In this news organ he took a stand against the Hungarisation of Prekmurje.In 1918 the Austro-Hungarian Empire was breaking up. Klekl was in connection with the famous Slovene politician Anton Korošec
Anton Korošec
Anton Korošec was a Slovenian political leader, a prominent member of the conservative People's Party, a priest and a noted orator....
. Korošec and a few Slovene politicians were behind the independent Slovene March, what would later make member of Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
. Klekl, József Szakovics
József Szakovics
József Szakovics, Slovene Jožef Sakovič, German orthography Joseph Sakowitsch , was a Slovene Roman Catholic priest and author in the Prekmurje region...
, Iván Bassa
Iván Bassa
Iván Bassa Slovene Ivan Baša Slovenian Roman Catholic priest, writer and politic.Born in Beltinci , his parents József Bassa and Anna Vucsko. Was consecrate on 16 July 1898. Chaplain in Sankt Martin an der Raab, Sveti Jurij, Rogašovci and Rechnitz...
, István Kühár
István Kühár
István Kühár Slovene Roman Catholic priest, politician and writer in Hungary, and later in Yugoslavia....
and József Csárics worked out the Slovene March programme, but in Hungary the Bolshevik
Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists , derived from bol'shinstvo, "majority") were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903....
administration came to power and Serbian forces quickly annexed the Prekmurje.
For a long time the Prekmurians were angry at Klekl, as he did not give rise to the independent Slovene krajina. The country of Szentgotthárd
Szentgotthárd
Szentgotthárd is the westernmost town of Hungary. It is situated on the Rába River near the Austrian border, and is home to much of Hungary's small Slovene ethnic minority....
henceforward remained in Hungary and in Prekmurje the official language became Slovene, not Prekmurian.
After the First World War
After 1920, Klekl became a congressman in the Yugoslav capital. In 1941 he enlisted in the Hungarian Army.Klekl and Szakovics actively wrote and championed the standard Prekmurian dialect in the 20th century, which after 1945 was banned.
Klekl died in Murska Sobota
Murska Sobota
Murska Sobota is a city in northeastern Slovenia. It is located in the eponymous municipality near the Mura River in the region of Prekmurje and is the regional capital.-Name:...
in 1948.
See also
- List of Slovene writers and poets in Hungary
- Prekmurje dialectPrekmurje dialectPrekmurian, also known as the Pannonian-Slovene, East-Slovene, or Wendish , is the easternmost separate dialect of Slovene, spoken in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia and by the Hungarian Slovenes in Vas county in western Hungary...
- Slovene March (Kingdom of Hungary)Slovene March (Kingdom of Hungary)The Slovene March or Slovene krajina was the traditional denomination of the Slovene-speaking areas of the Vas and Zala County in the Kingdom of Hungary from the late 18th century until the Treaty of Trianon in 1919...
External links
- Enciklopedija Slovenije; knjiga 5, Mladinska knjiga, LjubljanaLjubljanaLjubljana is the capital of Slovenia and its largest city. It is the centre of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is located in the centre of the country in the Ljubljana Basin, and is a mid-sized city of some 270,000 inhabitants...
, 1991. - Vasi digitális könyvtár – Vasi egyházmegye
- Göncz László: Muravidék, 1919
- Bence Lajos: A szlovéniai magyarság