Landolt–Börnstein is a systematic and extensive data collection in all areas of physical sciences and engineering

Engineering

Engineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of...

 published by Springer Science+Business Media

Springer Science+Business Media

- Selected publications :* Encyclopaedia of Mathematics* Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete * Graduate Texts in Mathematics * Grothendieck's Séminaire de géométrie algébrique...

. Originally, the project started with the first work published in 1883 by the physicist Hans Heinrich Landolt

Hans Heinrich Landolt

Hans Heinrich Landolt was the Swiss chemist who discovered iodine clock reaction. He is also one of the founders of Landolt-Börnstein database.-Biography:...

 and the chemist Richard Börnstein. Currently Landolt–Börnstein includes more than 180,000 pages in 55,000 online documents. Besides, it offers 120,000 figures, more than 1 million literature references and 65,000 keywords to ease the direct access for users. Landolt–Börnstein also lists more than 72,000 element systems, 150,000 chemical substances, more than 530,000 substance-property pairs and nearly 1,5 million synonyms.

Springer Materials

Springer Materials is one product offered through Landolt–Börnstein. It describes itself as "the worlds largest resource database for physical and chemical data in material science". It consists of 250,000 Substances & Material Systems | 3,000 Properties | 1,200,000 Literature Citations. It is a tool used by engineers and researchers can use to arrive at results previously found manually. For instance, an engineer needs to improve the corrosion resistance of car bodies: Steels coated with Al-Fe-Zn layer. With the software an engineer selects the components from the periodic table. Available content is shown, one needs to refine the results as per the need. Phase diagrams and crystallographic data of the chosen composition is displayed. To derive this conventionally was always considered a herculean task.

Subjects covered by Landolt–Börnstein

Subject areas covered by Landolt–Börnstein are

• Molecule
  Molecule
  A molecule is an electrically neutral group of at least two atoms held together by covalent chemical bonds. Molecules are distinguished from ions by their electrical charge...
  
  s and Radicals
  Radical (chemistry)
  Radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons on an open shell configuration. Free radicals may have positive, negative, or zero charge...
  
  
• Particles, Nuclei
  Atomic nucleus
  The nucleus is the very dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom. It was discovered in 1911, as a result of Ernest Rutherford's interpretation of the famous 1909 Rutherford experiment performed by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, under the direction of Rutherford. The...
  
   and Atom
  Atom
  The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons...
  
  s
• Thermodynamics
  Thermodynamics
  Thermodynamics is a physical science that studies the effects on material bodies, and on radiation in regions of space, of transfer of heat and of work done on or by the bodies or radiation...
  
  
• Crystallography
  Crystallography
  Crystallography is the experimental science of the arrangement of atoms in solids. The word "crystallography" derives from the Greek words crystallon = cold drop / frozen drop, with its meaning extending to all solids with some degree of transparency, and grapho = write.Before the development of...
  
  
• Semiconductivity
  Semiconductor
  A semiconductor is a material with electrical conductivity due to electron flow intermediate in magnitude between that of a conductor and an insulator. This means a conductivity roughly in the range of 103 to 10−8 siemens per centimeter...
  
  
• Multiphase Systems
• Magnetism
  Magnetism
  Magnetism is a property of materials that respond at an atomic or subatomic level to an applied magnetic field. Ferromagnetism is the strongest and most familiar type of magnetism. It is responsible for the behavior of permanent magnets, which produce their own persistent magnetic fields, as well...
  
  
• Electronic structure and Transport
• Astrophysics
  Astrophysics
  Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties of celestial objects, as well as their interactions and behavior...
  
   and Geophysics
  Geophysics
  Geophysics is the physics of the Earth and its environment in space; also the study of the Earth using quantitative physical methods. The term geophysics sometimes refers only to the geological applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational and magnetic fields; its internal structure and...
  
  
• Superconductivity
  Superconductivity
  Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance occurring in certain materials below a characteristic temperature. It was discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum...