Lörrach
Encyclopedia
Lörrach is a city in southwest Germany
, in the valley of the Wiese
, close to the French
and the Swiss
border. It is the capital of the district of Lörrach
in Baden-Württemberg
. The biggest industry is the chocolate
factory Milka
. The city had a population of 10,794 in 1905 and of 47,707 in 2007.
Nearby is the castle of Rötteln on the Wiesental, whose lords became the counts of Hachberg and a residence of the Margraves of Baden; this was destroyed by the troops of Louis XIV
in 1678 but was rebuilt in 1867. Lörrach received market rights in 1403, but it did not obtain the privileges of a city until 1682.
After the Napoleonic epoch, the town was included in the Grand Duchy of Baden
. On September 21, 1848, Gustav Struve
made an attempt to start a revolutionary uprising in Lörrach as part of the Revolutions of 1848-49. It failed, and Struve was caught and imprisoned. Still, Lörrach was officially the capital of Germany for a day.
Lörrach is the hometown of Ottmar Hitzfeld
, one of the most successful and most popular football managers in Germany.
is created by tectonic movements, and the area has a high earthquake risk.
Several times a year Lörrach is afflicted by slight and medial earthquakes.
The city is located in a valley of the Quaternary
period. Lörrach is surrounded by slopes on two sides. The slopes create the southern part of the Wiesental. The river of the same name (Wiese
) flows through the valley.
Geographical locations of the subdistrict Lörrach:
The extension of the urban area from south to north is 6.0 km and from east to west 4.6 km.
Lörrach is also the capital city of Markgräflerland
and a part of the trinational agglomeration
area of Basel
. Stuttgart
is 220 km away from Lörrach, and it takes one hour to drive to Bern and Zürich
. The city has several forested hills along the valley Wiesental: Schädelberg, Homburg
, Röttler Wald, and Tüllinger Berg.
Lörrach is bounded by many municipalities and the city of Basel. In addition it is located in the foothills of the Black Forest
and on the border of Switzerland.>
Binzen
Rümmingen
Steinen
Weil am Rhein
Rheinfelden
Basel
Riehen
Inzlingen
Grenzach-Wyhlen
. Because of its numerous sunny days, the region gets the nickname of the German Tuscany (German: Die Toskana Deutschlands).
The three districts have their own administrations with a chief magistrate (Ortsvorsteher). Every five years the citizens of Lörrach elect the council of the districts. The satellite city Salzert was developed in 1963. Inzlingen, close to Lörrach, is an independent municipality, but Lörrach oversees its administration.
source: Statistisches Landesamt Stuttgart, Statistischer Jahresbericht der Stadt Lörrach.
Lörrach received its city rights in 1682 when it became the capital of the Oberamt Rötteln-Sausenberg. At the same time its arms were granted. The arms show a canting lark (Lerche). In 1756 both the city rights and the arms were re-granted by Count Karl Friedrich of Baden. The colours are also the colours of Baden. Even though the arms have not changed since, the shape and size of the lark have changed considerably. The present arms are used since the early 1960s and show a very modern variation of the lark. After municipal reforms, the coat of arms was reconfirmed on November 11, 1975.
Lörrach initially belonged to the diocese of Konstanz and was under the archdiocese of Breisgau
. In 1529, after the Reformation
had been introduced there, the parsonage of Lörrach was occupied from Basel. The reformation in the city was introduced in 1556. After that, Lörrach was for many centuries a predominantly Protestant city. In Rötteln an archdiocese had existed since the beginning of the 15th century which, at the end of the 17th century, shifted to Lörrach. The Protestant pastor of Lörrach was from 1682 an intendant, too. The Stadtkirche is the main church of Lörrach (first mentioned in the 12th century). In addition, Lörrach has a few parishes: Johannespfarrei (founded in 20th century), Pauluspfarrei for the northern city (founded in 1906), Matthäuspfarrei for the eastern city, Inzlingen (founded in 1949), Markuspfarrei (founded in 1956), Salzertgemeinde (founded in 1969), and Friedensgemeinde for the district of Homburg (founded in 1974).
The borough of Stetten was controlled by Austria
until 1803. Therefore Stetten has a Catholic tradition, although the reformation had been introduced years before. Because of a contract with Austria
, Stetten again became Catholic. At first the parish of Stetten also served the resident Catholics of Lörrach. They held their church services in the new church, the Fridolinskirche (1822). The original church of Stettens was founded in the 13th century. Between 1864 and 1867 in Lörrach its own parish church (St. Bonifatius) was built, at which a curacy was created that was raised to the status of a parsonage in 1882. A second Catholic church (St. Peter) was built in 1964. In Brombach they had already built in 1900 a church (St. Josephskirche), which has been since 1911 a parsonage. All Catholic parishes of Lörrach today form together with the neighbouring parishes of St. Peter and Paul in Inzlingen a group pastoral ministry within the deanery of Wiesental belonging to the archbishopric Freiburg
.
Today there is a slight predominance of the Lutheran denomination. In the borough of Stetten exists a relative Catholic majority.
Beside the two large churches there are also parishes which belong to free church
es. For example, the Freie evangelische Gemeinde or FeG Lörrach (English: Free Evangelical community).
The municipal council of Lörrach consists of 32 volunteer aldermen and alderwomen, whose chairman is the Oberbürgermeisterin (mayor
).
The municipal council is elected for a period of five years by the citizenry.
The last election from 13 June 2004 had a percentage of voting of 41.2% and resulted in the following allocation of seats in the city hall of Lörrach:
Source:
(1) Kommunale Unabhängige Liste (English: Municipal autonomous list)
* variance to the municipal council elections of 1999.
of Lörrach reports of a Johann von Schallbach in the year 1366 as the first Vogt
. The office designation of mayor
was reserved for the local chiefs of the cities. The first mayor of Lörrach was Marx Christoph Leibfried, who took office in 1882, the year of the first German town law
of the city. He was employed by the Markgraf
. Since 1956 the city head is the Oberbürgermeister, who is selected directly by the citizens.
Source:
* Oberbürgermeister
, France
(since 1966) Senigallia
, Italy
(since 1986) Meerane
, Germany
(since 1990) Chester
, United Kingdom
(since 2002)
Annually, numerous meetings and exchanges between schools and associations take place. The Hebel Gymnasium School in Lörrach takes part in an annual school exchange with The Mountbatten School in Romsey, England. With Wyschgorod in the Ukraine
exists a friendly connection. In the year 2004 Lörrach International was created, an association for the advancement of the partnerships between cities and international friendships. In the year 2006 a cultural partnership was substantiated with Edirne
in Turkey
.
Bundesautobahn 98
passes Lörrach. Thereby it has a direct connection to the Bundesautobahn 5
and to the A35 autoroute
in France. The A2 motorway
and the A3 motorway
of Switzerland are also near Lörrach. The Bundesstraße
B 317, from Titisee-Neustadt across the pass of the Feldberg
, is the most important arterial road of the city. The Bundesstraße 317 is interrupted by Switzerland. At present the B 317 is built through the Swiss territory as duty-free road.
In Lörrach there is a terminal where car drivers can travel together with their cars by train. The terminal connects Lörrach with Hildesheim
, Bremen, Hamburg
and Berlin
. The railway connections Linie S5 (Weil am Rhein - Lörrach - Steinen) and Linie S6 (Basel SBB - Lörrach - Steinen - Zell im Wiesental) - called the red line - are parts of the Regio S-Bahn Basel. In 2005 the railway station was renovated and was developed suitable for the handicapped. The modern Stadler FLIRT-Trains
of the SBB-CFF-FFS
have been used since 2005. From 1919 to 1939 as well as from 1947 to 1967 Line 6 of the tram of Basel operated as the urban tram of Lörrach. Lörrach has some local and regional bus connections. They belong to the Regio Verkehrsverbund Lörrach. The nearest international airport, the EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
, is 14 km away from Lörrach.
, a municipal library with over 65,000 books, a scientific regional library, a school of music, and two other smaller libraries. The local court of Lörrach is responsible for cities and municipalities in the district. Furthermore, there is a labour court in Lörrach, which constitutes the first jurisdiction for the districts of Lörrach and Waldshut. In addition there are three Superior Courts of Justice in Radolfzell am Bodensee. Lörrach also has a tax office, a labour office, a motorway police (German: Autobahnpolizei), and a criminal investigation department. Lörrach's hospital opened on 1 October 1845, at that time as an urban infirmary. On the 1 January 1994 the three hospitals of Lörrach, Rheinfelden, and Schopfheim were pooled into a GmbH
. Today the hospital of Lörrach has 351 beds.
Deutschland GmbH, well-known for the trademarks Milka
and Suchard. A second important company is GABA
, a pharmaceutical company that produces the famous Elmex
and Aronal toothpastes.
Other companies:
and Die Oberbadische. Die Oberbadische (formerly Oberbadisches Volksblatt), published in the city, is Lörrach's oldest newspaper (founded 1885). In addition the Oberbadische Verlagshaus publishes the two newspapers Weiler Zeitung und Markgräfler Tagblatt. The city magazine Puls is published monthly and reports on events in and around Lörrach.
Broadcast and television: The radio programme of Südwestrundfunk
has a regional office in Lörrach. There they produce parts of the radio program SWR4 Baden-Wuerttemberg.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, in the valley of the Wiese
Wiese
The Wiese is a river in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and Basel-City, Switzerland, a right tributary of the Rhine. It rises in the Black Forest, on the Feldberg. The Wiese flows through Todtnau, Schönau im Schwarzwald, Schopfheim and Lörrach...
, close to the French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and the Swiss
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
border. It is the capital of the district of Lörrach
Lörrach (district)
Lörrach is a Kreis in the south-west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Waldshut...
in Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
. The biggest industry is the chocolate
Chocolate
Chocolate is a raw or processed food produced from the seed of the tropical Theobroma cacao tree. Cacao has been cultivated for at least three millennia in Mexico, Central and South America. Its earliest documented use is around 1100 BC...
factory Milka
Milka
Milka is a brand of milk chocolate manufactured by Kraft Foods. It is sold in bar form, in holiday shapes, and in a variety of specialty forms....
. The city had a population of 10,794 in 1905 and of 47,707 in 2007.
Nearby is the castle of Rötteln on the Wiesental, whose lords became the counts of Hachberg and a residence of the Margraves of Baden; this was destroyed by the troops of Louis XIV
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
in 1678 but was rebuilt in 1867. Lörrach received market rights in 1403, but it did not obtain the privileges of a city until 1682.
After the Napoleonic epoch, the town was included in the Grand Duchy of Baden
Grand Duchy of Baden
The Grand Duchy of Baden was a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the east bank of the Rhine. It existed between 1806 and 1918.-History:...
. On September 21, 1848, Gustav Struve
Gustav Struve
Gustav Struve, known as Gustav von Struve until he gave up his title, , was a German politician, lawyer and publicist, and a revolutionary during the German revolution of 1848-1849 in Baden...
made an attempt to start a revolutionary uprising in Lörrach as part of the Revolutions of 1848-49. It failed, and Struve was caught and imprisoned. Still, Lörrach was officially the capital of Germany for a day.
Lörrach is the hometown of Ottmar Hitzfeld
Ottmar Hitzfeld
Ottmar Hitzfeld is a German former football player and manager, nicknamed der General ....
, one of the most successful and most popular football managers in Germany.
Geography
Lörrach is located in the southermost part of the Rhine rift valley. The depressionDepression (geology)
A depression in geology is a landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area. Depressions may be formed by various mechanisms.Structural or tectonic related:...
is created by tectonic movements, and the area has a high earthquake risk.
Several times a year Lörrach is afflicted by slight and medial earthquakes.
The city is located in a valley of the Quaternary
Quaternary
The Quaternary Period is the most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the ICS. It follows the Neogene Period, spanning 2.588 ± 0.005 million years ago to the present...
period. Lörrach is surrounded by slopes on two sides. The slopes create the southern part of the Wiesental. The river of the same name (Wiese
Wiese
The Wiese is a river in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and Basel-City, Switzerland, a right tributary of the Rhine. It rises in the Black Forest, on the Feldberg. The Wiese flows through Todtnau, Schönau im Schwarzwald, Schopfheim and Lörrach...
) flows through the valley.
Geographical locations of the subdistrict Lörrach:
- Elevation of the deepest place: 272 m (In the valley Wiesental at the border to Switzerland)
- Elevation of the highest place: 570 m (In the forest of Rötteln)
The extension of the urban area from south to north is 6.0 km and from east to west 4.6 km.
Lörrach is also the capital city of Markgräflerland
Markgräflerland
Markgräflerland is a region in the southwest of Germany, in the south of the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg, located between the Breisgau in the north and the Black Forest in the east.-History and geography:...
and a part of the trinational agglomeration
Agglomeration
In the study of human settlements, an urban agglomeration is an extended city or town area comprising the built-up area of a central place and any suburbs linked by continuous urban area. In France, INSEE the French Statistical Institute, translate it as "Unité urbaine" which means continuous...
area of Basel
Basel
Basel or Basle In the national languages of Switzerland the city is also known as Bâle , Basilea and Basilea is Switzerland's third most populous city with about 166,000 inhabitants. Located where the Swiss, French and German borders meet, Basel also has suburbs in France and Germany...
. Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
is 220 km away from Lörrach, and it takes one hour to drive to Bern and Zürich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
. The city has several forested hills along the valley Wiesental: Schädelberg, Homburg
Homburg
-In Germany:* Homburg, Saarland, capital of the Saarpfalz district of Saarland* Bad Homburg, town and spa in Hesse* Homburg Forest, a hill range in Lower Saxony* Homburg, a quarter of Triefenstein, Bavaria...
, Röttler Wald, and Tüllinger Berg.
Black Forest
The Black Forest is a wooded mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Rhine valley to the west and south. The highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres ....
and on the border of Switzerland.>
Binzen
Binzen is a municipality in the southwestern German Federal State of Baden-Württemberg, part of the district Lörrach. The town's coat of arms was granted on 29 August 1967. The blazon of the arms is Azure a Garb Or on a Chief Gules a Rising Sun in Splendour Or....
Rümmingen
Rümmingen is a town in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany....
Steinen, Baden-Württemberg
Steinen is a municipality in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Wiese, 15 km northeast of Basel, and 6 km northeast of Lörrach....
Weil am Rhein
Weil am Rhein is a German town and commune which is a suburb of the city of Basel in Switzerland. It is situated on the east bank of the River Rhine, and close to the point at which the Swiss, French and German borders meet. It is the most southwesterly town in Germany.-Geography:Weil am Rhein is...
Rheinfelden
Rheinfelden is a municipality in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland, seat of the district of Rheinfelden. It is located 15 kilometres east of Basel. The name means the fields of the Rhine, as the town is located on the Hochrhein. It is home to Feldschlösschen, the most popular beer in...
Basel
Basel or Basle In the national languages of Switzerland the city is also known as Bâle , Basilea and Basilea is Switzerland's third most populous city with about 166,000 inhabitants. Located where the Swiss, French and German borders meet, Basel also has suburbs in France and Germany...
Riehen
Riehen is a municipality in the canton of Basel-Stadt in Switzerland. Together with the city of Basel and Bettingen, Riehen is one of three municipalities in the canton....
Inzlingen
Inzlingen is a village in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.From the Fondation Beyeler, a famous art collection in Riehen in the canton Basel Stadt, Switzerland, the street Inzlingerstrasse goes uphill to Inzlingen...
Grenzach-Wyhlen
Grenzach-Wyhlen
Grenzach-Wyhlen is a municipality in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Rhine, 7 km east of Basel, and 8 km south of Lörrach. It has borders to Inzlingen and Rheinfelden and Riehen , Birsfelden and Kaiseraugst in...
Climate
Lörrach's climate is mild, and in the summer it is often hot. The region of Markgräflerland is the warmest in Germany because of the Mediterranean air current from the valley of the Rhône RiverRhône River
The Rhone is one of the major rivers of Europe, rising in Switzerland and running from there through southeastern France. At Arles, near its mouth on the Mediterranean Sea, the river divides into two branches, known as the Great Rhone and the Little Rhone...
. Because of its numerous sunny days, the region gets the nickname of the German Tuscany (German: Die Toskana Deutschlands).
Boroughs and districts
Lörrach is subdivided into 3 boroughs and 3 districts. In sum the three boroughs have an area of 18,6 km².| Year of incorporation |
Boroughs and districts | Area (km²) |
|---|---|---|
| 1935 | Borough Tumringen | |
| 1935 | Borough Tüllingen | 18,6 |
| 1908 | Borough Stetten | |
| 1974 | District Haagen | 3.6 |
| 1975 | District Brombach | 9.8 |
| 1975 | District Hauingen | 7.4 |
The three districts have their own administrations with a chief magistrate (Ortsvorsteher). Every five years the citizens of Lörrach elect the council of the districts. The satellite city Salzert was developed in 1963. Inzlingen, close to Lörrach, is an independent municipality, but Lörrach oversees its administration.
History
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1102 | Lörrach first mentioned as settlement Lorracho. |
| 1403 | Rupert of Germany Rupert of Germany Rupert of Germany from the House of Wittelsbach was Elector Palatine from 1398 and German King from 1400 until his death... declares Lörrach a market town Market town Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city... . |
| 1678 | The castle of Rötteln destroyed by the French. |
| 1682 | Lörrach granted German civic law by Frederik VII of Baden-Durlach. |
| 1702 | Battle of Käferholz against the French. |
| 1756 | The town receives a new civic law and its first town hall. |
| 1783 | Johann Peter Hebel Johann Peter Hebel Johann Peter Hebel was a German short story writer and dialectal poet, most famous for his collection of alemannic tales Schatzkästlein des rheinischen Hausfreundes .-Life:... becomes a teacher at the boarding school. |
| 1803 | Stetten becomes a part of Baden, having previously belonged to Austria. |
| 1808 | In Lörrach, numerous buildings in the classical style are built (synagogue Synagogue A synagogue is a Jewish house of prayer. This use of the Greek term synagogue originates in the Septuagint where it sometimes translates the Hebrew word for assembly, kahal... , Stadtkirche and Fridolinskirche) |
| 1835 | The state Baden Baden Baden is a historical state on the east bank of the Rhine in the southwest of Germany, now the western part of the Baden-Württemberg of Germany.... joins the Zollverein Zollverein thumb|upright=1.2|The German Zollverein 1834–1919blue = Prussia in 1834 grey= Included region until 1866yellow= Excluded after 1866red = Borders of the German Union of 1828 pink= Relevant others until 1834... . |
| 1848 | In September Gustav Struve Gustav Struve Gustav Struve, known as Gustav von Struve until he gave up his title, , was a German politician, lawyer and publicist, and a revolutionary during the German revolution of 1848-1849 in Baden... declares the new German Republic from the town hall of Lörrach after the failed revolution Revolutions of 1848 in the German states The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, also called the March Revolution – part of the Revolutions of 1848 that broke out in many countries of Europe – were a series of loosely coordinated protests and rebellions in the states of the German Confederation, including the Austrian Empire... . Some days later he is arrested. |
| 1862 | The Wiesentalbahn between Basel, Lörrach, and Schopfheim is opened. A railway connection to Weil and Säckingen is extended to Lörrach in the year 1890. |
| 1863 | Lörrach becomes a district town. |
| 1871 | The first elementary school is opened. |
| 1880 | Philippe Suchard Philippe Suchard Philippe Suchard was a Swiss chocolatier and industrialist.-Biography:Suchard was born in 1797 in Boudry. According to the memoirs of his sister Rosalie, he became aware of the potentialities of chocolate manufacturing as an industry at the very early age of about twelve... creates a chocolate factory in Lörrach. |
| 1908 | Incorporation of Stetten; later, Tüllingen und Tumringen (1935), Haagen (voluntary 1974), Brombach und Hauingen (1975), are incorporated. |
| 1945 | Air raid on Brombach and Lörrach. On April 24th French troops occupy the city. |
| 1963 | Start of construction of the district of Salzert. |
| 1983 | The fourth Landesgartenschau of Baden-Wuerttemberg (a national horticultural show) is held in the new park area in the Grütt. |
| 1984 | The finished motorway section between High Rhine High Rhine The High Rhine is the name used in Germany for the part of the Rhine River that flows westbound from Lake Constance to Basel.The High Rhine begins at the outflow of the Rhine from the Untersee in Stein am Rhein and turns into the Upper Rhine in Basel... and Upper Rhine Upper Rhine The Upper Rhine is the section of the Rhine in the Upper Rhine Plain between Basel, Switzerland and Bingen, Germany. The river is marked by Rhine-kilometers 170 to 529 .... relieves the heavy traffic of the city. |
| 1991 | Inauguration of the new pedestrian precinct and the transformation of the city centre. |
| 2010 | Two are killed and one injured in a shooting incident at the Saint Elizabeth Hospital. |
Population development
|
 |
source: Statistisches Landesamt Stuttgart, Statistischer Jahresbericht der Stadt Lörrach.
Coat of arms
Religion
Christianity:Lörrach initially belonged to the diocese of Konstanz and was under the archdiocese of Breisgau
Breisgau
Breisgau is the name of an area in southwest Germany, placed between the river Rhine and the foothills of the Black Forest around Freiburg im Breisgau in the state of Baden-Württemberg. The district Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, which partly consists of the Breisgau, is named after that area...
. In 1529, after the Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
had been introduced there, the parsonage of Lörrach was occupied from Basel. The reformation in the city was introduced in 1556. After that, Lörrach was for many centuries a predominantly Protestant city. In Rötteln an archdiocese had existed since the beginning of the 15th century which, at the end of the 17th century, shifted to Lörrach. The Protestant pastor of Lörrach was from 1682 an intendant, too. The Stadtkirche is the main church of Lörrach (first mentioned in the 12th century). In addition, Lörrach has a few parishes: Johannespfarrei (founded in 20th century), Pauluspfarrei for the northern city (founded in 1906), Matthäuspfarrei for the eastern city, Inzlingen (founded in 1949), Markuspfarrei (founded in 1956), Salzertgemeinde (founded in 1969), and Friedensgemeinde for the district of Homburg (founded in 1974).
The borough of Stetten was controlled by Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
until 1803. Therefore Stetten has a Catholic tradition, although the reformation had been introduced years before. Because of a contract with Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, Stetten again became Catholic. At first the parish of Stetten also served the resident Catholics of Lörrach. They held their church services in the new church, the Fridolinskirche (1822). The original church of Stettens was founded in the 13th century. Between 1864 and 1867 in Lörrach its own parish church (St. Bonifatius) was built, at which a curacy was created that was raised to the status of a parsonage in 1882. A second Catholic church (St. Peter) was built in 1964. In Brombach they had already built in 1900 a church (St. Josephskirche), which has been since 1911 a parsonage. All Catholic parishes of Lörrach today form together with the neighbouring parishes of St. Peter and Paul in Inzlingen a group pastoral ministry within the deanery of Wiesental belonging to the archbishopric Freiburg
Freiburg
Freiburg im Breisgau is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In the extreme south-west of the country, it straddles the Dreisam river, at the foot of the Schlossberg. Historically, the city has acted as the hub of the Breisgau region on the western edge of the Black Forest in the Upper Rhine Plain...
.
Today there is a slight predominance of the Lutheran denomination. In the borough of Stetten exists a relative Catholic majority.
Beside the two large churches there are also parishes which belong to free church
Free church
The term "free church" refers to a Christian denomination that is intrinsically separated from government . A free church does not define government policy, nor have governments define church policy or theology, nor seeks or receives government endorsement or funding for its general mission...
es. For example, the Freie evangelische Gemeinde or FeG Lörrach (English: Free Evangelical community).
Political proportion
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
).
The municipal council is elected for a period of five years by the citizenry.
The last election from 13 June 2004 had a percentage of voting of 41.2% and resulted in the following allocation of seats in the city hall of Lörrach:
| Party | Proportion | * | Seats | * |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDU Christian Democratic Union (Germany) The Christian Democratic Union of Germany is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany. It is regarded as on the centre-right of the German political spectrum... |
33.3% | -5.0% | 11 | -7 |
| SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany... |
21.0% | -2.5% | 7 | -4 |
| Freie Wähler | 15.8% | +1.7% | 5 | -3 |
| GRÜNE Alliance '90/The Greens Alliance '90/The Greens is a green political party in Germany, formed from the merger of the German Green Party and Alliance 90 in 1993. Its leaders are Claudia Roth and Cem Özdemir... |
15.7% | +4.0% | 5 | ±0 |
| FDP Free Democratic Party (Germany) The Free Democratic Party , abbreviated to FDP, is a centre-right classical liberal political party in Germany. It is led by Philipp Rösler and currently serves as the junior coalition partner to the Union in the German federal government... |
8.0% | +5.1% | 2 | +1 |
| KUL (1) | 6.1% | -0.5% | 2 | -1 |
| total | 100% | 32 | -14 |
Source:
(1) Kommunale Unabhängige Liste (English: Municipal autonomous list)
* variance to the municipal council elections of 1999.
Heads of city
The chronicleChronicle
Generally a chronicle is a historical account of facts and events ranged in chronological order, as in a time line. Typically, equal weight is given for historically important events and local events, the purpose being the recording of events that occurred, seen from the perspective of the...
of Lörrach reports of a Johann von Schallbach in the year 1366 as the first Vogt
Vogt
A Vogt ; plural Vögte; Dutch voogd; Danish foged; ; ultimately from Latin [ad]vocatus) in the Holy Roman Empire was the German title of a reeve or advocate, an overlord exerting guardianship or military protection as well as secular justice...
. The office designation of mayor
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
was reserved for the local chiefs of the cities. The first mayor of Lörrach was Marx Christoph Leibfried, who took office in 1882, the year of the first German town law
German town law
German town law or German municipal concerns concerns town privileges used by many cities, towns, and villages throughout Central and Eastern Europe during the Middle Ages.- Town law in Germany :...
of the city. He was employed by the Markgraf
Graf
Graf is a historical German noble title equal in rank to a count or a British earl...
. Since 1956 the city head is the Oberbürgermeister, who is selected directly by the citizens.
Mayors since 1804
| Curatorship | Name | Curatorship | Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1804–1807 | Johann Martin Strohmeier | 1861–1863 | Karl Wenner | |
| 1807–1810 | Johann Jakob Grether | 1863–1869 | Paul Feldkirchner | |
| 1810–1814 | Johann Kaspar Schöffel | 1869–1871 | Karl Robert Gebhardt | |
| 1814–1820 | Johann Georg Grether | 1872–1906 | Johann Josef Grether | |
| 1820–1826 | Jakob Rupp | 1906–1927 | Dr. Erwin Gugelmeier * | |
| 1826–1831 | Friedrich Hüglin | 1927–1933 | Dr. Heinrich Graser | |
| 1831–1832 | Ernst Schultz | 1933–1945 | Reinhard Boos | |
| 1832–1835 | Johann Georg Grether | 1945–1948 | Joseph Pfeffer | |
| 1835–1841 | Ernst Schultz | 1948–1960 | Arend Braye * | |
| 1841–1844 | Friedrich Hüglin | 1960–1984 | Egon Hugenschmidt Egon Hugenschmidt Egon Hugenschmidt was a German jurist and mayor of Lörrach, Baden-Württemberg . He was a prisoner of war, created the twintown relation of Lörrach with Sens and was awarded with the Federal Cross of Merit.-Literature:* Gerhard Moehring: Vögte und Bürgermeister von Lörrach. in: Walter Jung, Gerhard... * |
|
| 1844–1849 | Karl Wenner | 1984–1995 | Rainer Offergeld * | |
| 1849–1861 | Johann Ludwig Calame | 1995 - | Gudrun Heute-Bluhm * |
Source:
* Oberbürgermeister
Twin cities
SensSens
Sens is a commune in the Yonne department in Burgundy in north-central France.Sens is a sub-prefecture of the department. It is crossed by the Yonne and the Vanne, which empties into the Yonne here.-History:...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
(since 1966) Senigallia
Senigallia
Senigallia is a comune and port town on Italy's Adriatic coast, 25 km by rail north of Ancona, in the Marche region, province of Ancona....
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
(since 1986) Meerane
Meerane
Meerane is a town in the Zwickau district of Saxony, Germany. It lies midway between the towns of Chemnitz and Zwickau.As of 31 December 2008, there were 16,517 inhabitants...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
(since 1990) Chester
Chester
Chester is a city in Cheshire, England. Lying on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales, it is home to 77,040 inhabitants, and is the largest and most populous settlement of the wider unitary authority area of Cheshire West and Chester, which had a population of 328,100 according to the...
, United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
(since 2002)
Annually, numerous meetings and exchanges between schools and associations take place. The Hebel Gymnasium School in Lörrach takes part in an annual school exchange with The Mountbatten School in Romsey, England. With Wyschgorod in the Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
exists a friendly connection. In the year 2004 Lörrach International was created, an association for the advancement of the partnerships between cities and international friendships. In the year 2006 a cultural partnership was substantiated with Edirne
Edirne
Edirne is a city in Eastern Thrace, the northwestern part of Turkey, close to the borders with Greece and Bulgaria. Edirne served as the capital city of the Ottoman Empire from 1365 to 1453, before Constantinople became the empire's new capital. At present, Edirne is the capital of the Edirne...
in Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
.
Economics and infrastructure
The town supports approximately 18,300 jobs. Retailers gained a business volume of 342.7 million euros in the year 2004. Approximately a fifth of this business volume was generated by customers from Switzerland.Transportation
Bundesautobahn 98
is a long motorway in southern Germany, originally intended to connect Weil am Rhein with the A 8 near Irschenberg.Currently, only three comparatively short separate sections are in existence:...
passes Lörrach. Thereby it has a direct connection to the Bundesautobahn 5
Bundesautobahn 5
is a 445 km long Autobahn in Germany. Its northern end is the Hattenbach triangle intersection is a 445 km (277 mi) long Autobahn in Germany. Its northern end is the Hattenbach triangle intersection is a 445 km (277 mi) long Autobahn in Germany. Its northern end is the...
and to the A35 autoroute
A35 autoroute
The A35 autoroute is a toll free highway in north eastern France. It is also known as the autoroute des cigognes and the Voie Rapide du Piémont des Vosges. It connects the German border in the Rhine valley with the Swiss frontier via Strasbourg...
in France. The A2 motorway
A2 (Switzerland)
The A2 is a motorway in Switzerland. It forms Switzerland's main north-south axis from Basel to Chiasso, meandering with a slight drift toward the east....
and the A3 motorway
A3 (Switzerland)
The A3 is a motorway in northeast Switzerland, running diagonally from France toward the southeast border, and passing by Zurich on the way. The total length of the A3 motorway spans roughly , but parts of the road share sections of the A1 and A2 motorways....
of Switzerland are also near Lörrach. The Bundesstraße
Bundesstraße
Bundesstraße , abbreviated B, is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways.-Germany:...
B 317, from Titisee-Neustadt across the pass of the Feldberg
Feldberg (Black Forest)
It is not to be confused with the two smaller hills in Hochtaunuskreis district some 300 km to the North, Kleiner Feldberg and Großer Feldberg in the Taunus....
, is the most important arterial road of the city. The Bundesstraße 317 is interrupted by Switzerland. At present the B 317 is built through the Swiss territory as duty-free road.
In Lörrach there is a terminal where car drivers can travel together with their cars by train. The terminal connects Lörrach with Hildesheim
Hildesheim
Hildesheim is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the district of Hildesheim, about 30 km southeast of Hanover on the banks of the Innerste river, which is a small tributary of the Leine river...
, Bremen, Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
and Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. The railway connections Linie S5 (Weil am Rhein - Lörrach - Steinen) and Linie S6 (Basel SBB - Lörrach - Steinen - Zell im Wiesental) - called the red line - are parts of the Regio S-Bahn Basel. In 2005 the railway station was renovated and was developed suitable for the handicapped. The modern Stadler FLIRT-Trains
Stadler FLIRT
Stadler FLIRT is an electric multiple unit produced by Stadler Rail AG. The articulated trainset comes in units of two to six cars with two to six motorized axles. The maximum speed is 200 km/h...
of the SBB-CFF-FFS
SBB-CFF-FFS
Swiss Federal Railways and SFR are not in official use) is the national railway company of Switzerland headquartered in Bern. Formerly a government institution, it is since 1999 a special stock corporation with all shares held by the Swiss Confederation or the Swiss cantons...
have been used since 2005. From 1919 to 1939 as well as from 1947 to 1967 Line 6 of the tram of Basel operated as the urban tram of Lörrach. Lörrach has some local and regional bus connections. They belong to the Regio Verkehrsverbund Lörrach. The nearest international airport, the EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg is an international airport northwest of Basel , southeast of Mulhouse , and south of Freiburg . It is located in France, on the administrative territory of the commune of Saint-Louis near the Swiss and German borders...
, is 14 km away from Lörrach.
Administrative bodies, organisations and courts
Lörrach as a district accommodates the district administration office and a highway maintenance depot. Lörrach has several schools of all school types plus a Folk high schoolFolk high school
Folk high schools are institutions for adult education that generally do not grant academic degrees, though certain courses might exist leading to that goal...
, a municipal library with over 65,000 books, a scientific regional library, a school of music, and two other smaller libraries. The local court of Lörrach is responsible for cities and municipalities in the district. Furthermore, there is a labour court in Lörrach, which constitutes the first jurisdiction for the districts of Lörrach and Waldshut. In addition there are three Superior Courts of Justice in Radolfzell am Bodensee. Lörrach also has a tax office, a labour office, a motorway police (German: Autobahnpolizei), and a criminal investigation department. Lörrach's hospital opened on 1 October 1845, at that time as an urban infirmary. On the 1 January 1994 the three hospitals of Lörrach, Rheinfelden, and Schopfheim were pooled into a GmbH
Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung
Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung is a type of legal entityvery common in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and other Central European countries...
. Today the hospital of Lörrach has 351 beds.
Companies in Lörrach
The largest company and employer in Lörrach is the chocolate manufacturer Kraft FoodsKraft Foods
Kraft Foods Inc. is an American confectionery, food and beverage conglomerate. It markets many brands in more than 170 countries. 12 of its brands annually earn more than $1 billion worldwide: Cadbury, Jacobs, Kraft, LU, Maxwell House, Milka, Nabisco, Oscar Mayer, Philadelphia, Trident, Tang...
Deutschland GmbH, well-known for the trademarks Milka
Milka
Milka is a brand of milk chocolate manufactured by Kraft Foods. It is sold in bar form, in holiday shapes, and in a variety of specialty forms....
and Suchard. A second important company is GABA
Gabâ
Gabâ or gabaa, for the people in many parts of the Philippines), is the concept of a non-human and non-divine, imminent retribution. A sort of negative karma, it is generally seen as an evil effect on a person because of their wrongdoings or transgressions...
, a pharmaceutical company that produces the famous Elmex
Elmex
Elmex is a brand of toothpaste that has been sold since 1962. It is manufactured by GABA International AG, a Swiss manufacturer of branded oral care products. It was the first toothpaste to contain the organic amine fluoride olaflur as an active ingredient for protection against dental caries....
and Aronal toothpastes.
Other companies:
- KBC, textile finishing company
- Midro, producer of laxative tea
- MigrosMigrosMigros is one of Switzerland's largest enterprises, its largest supermarket chain and largest employer. It co-founded Turkey's largest retailer, Migros Türk, which became independent of Migros Switzerland in 1975....
, headquarters of Migros Germany - Brauerei Lasser GmbH, brewery with 70 employees
Media
Print media: Two daily newspapers are based in Lörrach and have a local editorial office: Badische ZeitungBadische Zeitung
Badische Zeitung is a German newspaper based in Freiburg, covering the Black Forest region. It has a circulation of 151,000 and about 440,000 readers....
and Die Oberbadische. Die Oberbadische (formerly Oberbadisches Volksblatt), published in the city, is Lörrach's oldest newspaper (founded 1885). In addition the Oberbadische Verlagshaus publishes the two newspapers Weiler Zeitung und Markgräfler Tagblatt. The city magazine Puls is published monthly and reports on events in and around Lörrach.
Broadcast and television: The radio programme of Südwestrundfunk
Südwestrundfunk
The Südwestrundfunk is a public broadcasting company for the southwest of Germany, specifically the states of Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate. The company has main offices in three cities: Stuttgart, Baden-Baden and Mainz, with the director's office being in Stuttgart. It is an...
has a regional office in Lörrach. There they produce parts of the radio program SWR4 Baden-Wuerttemberg.
Born in Lörrach
- Melanie BehringerMelanie BehringerMelanie Behringer is a German footballer. She plays as a winger or attacking midfielder for 1. FFC Frankfurt and the German national team.-Club:...
(* 1985) - Sebastian DeislerSebastian DeislerSebastian Toni Deisler is a former professional football player and a former international player for Germany...
(* 1980) - Richard Geppert (* 1963)
- Ottmar HitzfeldOttmar HitzfeldOttmar Hitzfeld is a German former football player and manager, nicknamed der General ....
(* 1949) - Ferdinand HitzigFerdinand Hitzig----Ferdinand Hitzig , was a German biblical critic.He was born at Hauingen , Baden, where his father was a pastor....
(1807–1875) - Paul Hübner (1915–2003)
- Jörg KachelmannJörg KachelmannJörg Andreas Kachelmann is a Swiss presenter, journalist and entrepreneur in the meteorological field.- Biography :Jörg Kachelmann spent his youth in Schaffhausen...
(* 1958) - Thilo Muster (* 1965)
- Hartmut Rosa (* 1965)
- Hans-Peter Schwarz (* 1934)
- Hans Silvester (* 1938)
- Gustav HugoGustav HugoGustav von Hugo was a German jurist.He was born at Lörrach in Baden. From the gymnasium at Karlsruhe he passed in 1782 to the University of Göttingen, where he studied law for three years. Having received the appointment of tutor to the prince of Anhalt-Dessau, he took his doctor's degree at the...
(1764–1807) - Heinz Zuber (* 1941)
- Melina Lörracher (* 1987)
Others
- Hermann Burte (1879–1960)
- Marion Caspers-MerkMarion Caspers-MerkMarion Caspers-Merk is a German politician and member of the SPD. She was a member of the Bundestag and Parliamentary State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Health. - External links :* * *...
(* 1955) - Gustav StruveGustav StruveGustav Struve, known as Gustav von Struve until he gave up his title, , was a German politician, lawyer and publicist, and a revolutionary during the German revolution of 1848-1849 in Baden...
(1805–1870) - Johann Peter HebelJohann Peter HebelJohann Peter Hebel was a German short story writer and dialectal poet, most famous for his collection of alemannic tales Schatzkästlein des rheinischen Hausfreundes .-Life:...
(1760–1826) - Egon von NeindorffEgon von NeindorffEgon von Neindorff was a Major General awarded the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves for his defense of the German garrison at Tarnopol.-World War I and Interwar Period:...
(1923–2004) - Rainer Offergeld (* 1937)
- Roland Wiesendanger (* 1961)
- Henning Wiesner (* 1944)
Music
Lörrach is the home to an annual voice festival (Stimmen) that takes place in early summer, in 2010 from the 14th of July to the 8th of August. The festival has many venues in and around Lörrach including Weil am Rhein. The motto of the festival is "Passion that sounds" (German: Leidenschaft, die klingt) (alternate translation: "Passion you can hear"). The festival exists since 1994.- Loerrach is also the home town of leading German thrash metal band DestructionDestruction (band)Destruction is a German thrash metal band. They are considered one of the "three kings" of the Teutonic thrash metal scene, the others being Kreator and Sodom...
, formed in 1984 and still playing today.
- There are two main metal festivals in Loerrach: Metal Forces FestivalMetal Forces FestivalMetal Forces Festival is the name of an independent concert organization from the South-West of Germany. It is organizing and managing concerts since 2001...
and Baden in Blut