No.101 class landing ship
Encyclopedia
The was a class of amphibious assault ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy
(IJN) and Imperial Japanese Army
(IJA), serving during and after World War II
. The No.101 class was equipped with diesel engines, while the similar was equipped with turbine engine. The IJN called them . The No.103 class has the IJA's variant. This article handles them collectively.
Imperial Japanese Navy
The Imperial Japanese Navy was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1869 until 1947, when it was dissolved following Japan's constitutional renunciation of the use of force as a means of settling international disputes...
(IJN) and Imperial Japanese Army
Imperial Japanese Army
-Foundation:During the Meiji Restoration, the military forces loyal to the Emperor were samurai drawn primarily from the loyalist feudal domains of Satsuma and Chōshū...
(IJA), serving during and after World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. The No.101 class was equipped with diesel engines, while the similar was equipped with turbine engine. The IJN called them . The No.103 class has the IJA's variant. This article handles them collectively.
Background
- In June 1943, the IJN defeated by in Guadalcanal CampaignGuadalcanal campaignThe Guadalcanal Campaign, also known as the Battle of Guadalcanal and codenamed Operation Watchtower by Allied forces, was a military campaign fought between August 7, 1942 and February 9, 1943 on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the Pacific theatre of World War II...
realized the necessity of a high-speed military transporter, and they devised two type of ships. One was the 1,500 ton DaihatsuDaihatsu class landing craftThe Daihatsu Class or 14m landing craft was a type of landing craft, used by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. It was similar to the Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel , with a bow ramp that was lowered to disembark cargo upon riding up onto the beach...
and Kō-hyōtekiKo-hyoteki class submarineThe class was a class of Japanese midget submarines used during World War II. They had hull numbers but no names. For simplicity, they are most often referred to by the hull number of the mother submarine...
mother ship (the No.1 classNo.1 class landing shipThe was a class of amphibious assault ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy , serving during and after World War II. The IJN also called them .-Background:...
), the other the 900 ton amphibious assault ship for beachhead (described in this article). - The IJA already had amphibious assault ships the SS craftSS class landing shipThe was a class of amphibious assault ships of the Imperial Japanese Army, serving during World War II. The SS meaning are Sensha-Small.-Background:...
. However, the SS craft was not suitable for mass-production for a structure elaborate very much. Therefore, the IJA wanted the new amphibious assault ships. - The plans of the IJN and the IJA were accorded. They cooperated for new amphibious assault ships. The IJN offered a design and shipyards while the IJA offered mineral resources.
Design
- The IJN already obtained information regarding Operation TorchOperation TorchOperation Torch was the British-American invasion of French North Africa in World War II during the North African Campaign, started on 8 November 1942....
from Germany. Some photographs and sketches about the LCT Mk.VLanding craft tankThe Landing Craft, Tank was an amphibious assault ship for landing tanks on beachheads. They were initially developed by the British Royal Navy and later by the United States Navy during World War II in a series of versions. Initially known as the "Tank Landing Craft" by the British, they later...
were included in this information. - In August 1943, the Navy Technical DepartmentImperial Japanese Navy Technical DepartmentThe was the externally operating division of the Ministry of the Navy of Japan responsible for the administration of naval vessel construction. From 1923 onward, it took on the role of a research institution for the research and development of naval technologies and engineering...
(Kampon) studied these and finished a basic design. It was a scaled-up model of the LCT. - In September 1943, the Kampon entrusted the detailed design to the Kure Naval ArsenalKure Naval Arsenalwas one of four principal naval shipyards owned and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy. -History:The Kure Naval District was established at Kure, Hiroshima in 1889, as the second of the naval districts responsible for the defense of the Japanese home islands along with the establishment of the...
. The Kure Naval Arsenal finished it within two months, and the No.101 was laid down in November 1943.
Construction
- The Kampon designed a new turbine engine for this class. However, it was time-out for first 6 vessels. The Kampon put the wartime standard diesel engine on first 6 vessels. The IJN called them No.101 class or SB (D). About the all others, turbine engines were supplied smoothly. The IJN called them No.103 class or SB (T). Completed vessels were halved to IJN and IJA.
- The IJA received 32 vessels from No.103 class, however the IJA did not master handling of a turbine engine. The IJA returned 10 vessels to the IJN. The completed vessels were spent one by one to the front.
- About the No.103 class and SB crafts, several vessels were changed the coal fired boilers on January 1945. Detailed construction records were not left.
Navy service
- Most of the Navy vessels were sent to the Battle of LeyteBattle of LeyteThe Battle of Leyte in the Pacific campaign of World War II was the invasion and conquest of the island of Leyte in the Philippines by American and Filipino guerrilla forces under the command of General Douglas MacArthur, who fought against the Imperial Japanese Army in the Philippines led by...
, 18 of them were lost. Most of them, however, succeeded in the landing of tanks and troops. - Only 9 vessels survived war.
Army service
- As of 2009 a detailed record about the vessels in the Army service is not known to exist in Japan.
- The armaments were not unified.
- The IJA let ten SB crafts participate in the Philippines Campaign. Their actions were limited to the LuzonLuzonLuzon is the largest island in the Philippines. It is located in the northernmost region of the archipelago, and is also the name for one of the three primary island groups in the country centered on the Island of Luzon...
northern coast, TaiwanTaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
and Ryukyu IslandsRyukyu IslandsThe , also known as the , is a chain of islands in the western Pacific, on the eastern limit of the East China Sea and to the southwest of the island of Kyushu in Japan. From about 1829 until the mid 20th century, they were alternately called Luchu, Loochoo, or Lewchew, akin to the Mandarin...
. The IJA lost only one SB craft. - After the Philippines Campaign, the SB crafts were used only in Japanese mainland peripheral sea area.
No.101 class
| Ship | Builder | Completed | Fate |
| No.101 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 08-03-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at Ormoc Bay Ormoc Bay Ormoc Bay is a bay on the island of Leyte in the Philippines. The bay is an inlet of the Camotes Sea. The city of Ormoc lies at the head of the bay and exports rice, copra and sugar. The World War II Battle of Ormoc Bay took place from November 11 until mid-December in Ormoc Bay during late 1944.... , 28-10-1944. |
| No.102 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 15-03-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at west of Negros, 26-10-1944. |
| No.127 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 28-02-1944 | Sunk by aircraft off Ticao island Ticao Island Ticao Island is one of the three major islands of Masbate Province in the Philippines. The other two major Islands are Masbate Island and Burias Island .... , 25-09-1944. |
| No.128 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 18-03-1944 | Sunk by aircraft off Morotai Morotai Morotai Island Regency is a regency of North Maluku province, Indonesia, located on Morotai Island. The population was 54,876 in 2007.-History:... , 04-06-1944. |
| No.149 | Hitachi Zōsen | 20-02-1944 | Converted to miscellaneous service ship (traffic boat) and renamed on 10-02-1945. Sunk by USN submarine off Sumatra Sumatra Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538... on 01-06-1945. |
| No.150 | Hitachi Zōsen | 10-03-1944 | Sunk by aircraft off Palau Palau Palau , officially the Republic of Palau , is an island nation in the Pacific Ocean, east of the Philippines and south of Tokyo. In 1978, after three decades as being part of the United Nations trusteeship, Palau chose independence instead of becoming part of the Federated States of Micronesia, a... , 27-07-1944. |
No.103 class
| Ship | Builder | Completed | Fate |
| No.103 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 01-05-1944 | Sunk by aircraft off Iwo Jima Iwo Jima Iwo Jima, officially , is an island of the Japanese Volcano Islands chain, which lie south of the Ogasawara Islands and together with them form the Ogasawara Archipelago. The island is located south of mainland Tokyo and administered as part of Ogasawara, one of eight villages of Tokyo... , 04-07-1944. |
| No.104 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 25-05-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at west of Luzon, 15-12-1944. |
| No.105 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 15-06-1944 | Sunk by USS Trepang USS Trepang (SS-412) The first USS Trepang was a Balao-class submarine in the United States Navy. She was named for the trepang, a marine animal sometimes called a 'sea slug' or a 'sea cucumber', having a long, tough, muscular body and found in the coral reefs of the East Indies.When the contract to build her was... at south of Omaezaki Omaezaki, Shizuoka is a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Omaezaki is located at the tip of a peninsula on Japan's Pacific coast. As of 2010, the city had an estimated population of 34,614 and the density of 530 persons per km². The total area was 65.86 km².- Geography :... , 11-10-1944 |
| No.106 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 30-06-1944 | Completed as Army SB No.120 at first. Sunk by aircraft at Lingayen Gulf Lingayen Gulf The Lingayen Gulf is an extension of the South China Sea on Luzon in the Philippines stretching . It is framed by the provinces of Pangasinan and La Union and sits between the Zambales Mountains and the Cordillera Central... , 15-12-1944. |
| No.107 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 20-07-1944 | Completed as Army SB No.123 at first. Sunk by USN destroyer at west of Haha-jima Haha-jima is the second-largest island of the Ogasawara Islands or Bonin Islands south of the Japanese main island chain. It is about 21 km² in area.The highest points are Mt. Chibusa , approximately 462m, and Mt. Sakaigatake , 443m. The largest island of the group, Chichi-jima is approximately... , 05-01-1945. |
| No.108 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 31-07-1944 | Completed as Army SB No.125 at first. Decommissioned 03-05-1947. Surrendered to United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... at Singapore Singapore Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the... , 17-10-1947. |
| No.109 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 15-08-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.110 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 05-09-1944 | Completed as Army SB craft at first. Decommissioned 15-09-1945. Surrendered to United Kingdom at Singapore, 17-10-1947. |
| No.111 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 15-09-1944 | Completed as Army SB craft at first. Sunk by aircraft at Masbate Masbate Masbate is an island province of the Philippines located in the Bicol Region. Its capital is Masbate City and consists of three major islands: Masbate, Ticao and Burias.-History:... , 24-11-1944. |
| No.112 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 15-09-1944 | Completed as Army SB craft at first. Sunk by aircraft at west of Luzon, 07-01-1945. |
| No.113 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 15-10-1944 | Completed as Army SB craft at first. Sunk by aircraft at west of Luzon, 25-11-1944. |
| No.114 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 30-10-1944 | Completed as Army SB craft at first. Sunk by aircraft off Taiwan, 17-02-1945. |
| No.115 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 13-11-1944 | Completed as Army SB craft at first. Sunk by aircraft at north of Luzon, 02-02-1945. |
| No.116 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 24-11-1944 | Transferred to the Army, and renamed SB No.103. |
| No.117 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 22-12-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.118 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 30-12-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.119 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 16-01-1945 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.120 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 05-02-1945 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.121 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 20-02-1945 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.122 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 22-03-1945 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.123 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 22-03-1945 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.124 | Ōsaka Zōsen | 08-05-1945 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.125 | Ōsaka Zōsen | Transferred to the Army, and renamed SB No.127. Not completed until the end of war. | |
| No.126 | Ōsaka Zōsen | Transferred to the Army, and renamed SB No.128. Not completed until the end of war. | |
| No.129 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 12-05-1944 | Sunk by USS Cod at Banda Sea Banda Sea The Banda Sea is a sea in the Maluku Islands of Indonesia, technically part of the Pacific Ocean but separated from it by hundreds of islands, as well as the Halmahera and Ceram Seas... , 14-08-1944. |
| No.130 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 03-06-1944 | Sunk by aircraft off Iwo Jima, 04-07-1944. |
| No.131 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 24-06-1944 | Converted to miscellaneous service ship (traffic boat) and renamed on 10-02-1945. Sunk by USN submarine at Strait of Malacca Strait of Malacca The Strait of Malacca is a narrow, stretch of water between the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra. It is named after the Malacca Sultanate that ruled over the archipelago between 1414 to 1511.-Extent:... on 27-07-1945. |
| No.132 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 28-06-1944 | Sunk by USN destroyer at Iwo Jima, 27-12-1944. |
| No.133 | Sasebo Naval Arsenal | 04-07-1944 | Sunk by aircraft off Iwo Jima, 04-08-1944. |
| No.134 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 15-07-1945 | Scuttled by stormy weather at Iwo Jima, 04-10-1944. |
| No.135 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 25-07-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at west coast of Luson, 18-10-1944. |
| No.136 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 20-08-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at west coast of Luson, 18-10-1944. |
| No.137 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 28-08-1944 | Decommissioned 05-10-1945. Surrendered to Soviet Union Soviet Union The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.... at Nakhodka Nakhodka Nakhodka is a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, situated on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan, about east of Vladivostok... , 03-10-1947. |
| No.138 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 04-09-1944 | Sunk by USS Kingfish USS Kingfish (SS-234) , a Gato-class submarine, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the kingfish, a fish found along the Atlantic coast of the United States.... off Iwo Jima, 26-10-1944. |
| No.139 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 25-09-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at west coast of Luson, 12-11-1944. |
| No.140 | Sasebo Naval Arsenal | 14-10-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at Saigon Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City , formerly named Saigon is the largest city in Vietnam... , 13-01-1945. |
| No.141 | Sasebo Naval Arsenal | 19-10-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at Masbate, 24-11-1944. |
| No.142 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 02-11-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at west coast of Luson, 25-11-1944. |
| No.143 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 25-11-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at Penghu, 26-03-1945. |
| No.144 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 01-12-1944 | Decommissioned 05-10-1945, later scrapped. |
| No.145 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 16-12-1944 | Grounded at Amami Ōshima Amami Oshima is a semi-tropical island in the Amami Islands, which is part of the larger Nansei Islands in Japan. Ōshima literally means big island, and it is the largest of the Amami Islands. It lies roughly halfway between the islands of Okinawa and Kyūshū. Briefly part of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, in 1624 it was... , 04-04-1945. Scuttled 03-09-1945. |
| No.146 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 30-12-1944 | Sunk by USS Trepang at south of Gotō Islands Goto Islands The are Japanese islands in the East China Sea, off the western coast of Kyūshū. The islands are a part of Nagasaki Prefecture.- Geography :There are 140 islands in total, including five main islands:,,,, and.... , 28-04-1945. |
| No.147 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 25-01-1945 | Decommissioned 15-09-1945. Surrendered to United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... at Yokosuka Yokosuka, Kanagawa is a city located in Kanagawa, Japan. As of 2010, the city had an estimated population of 419,067 and a population density of 4,160 people per km². It covered an area of 100.62 km²... , 13-11-1947. Scrapped 31-03-1948. |
| No.148 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 31-01-1945 | Transferred to the Army, and renamed SB No.113. |
| No.151 | Hitachi Zōsen | 23-04-1944 | Sunk by USS Besugo USS Besugo (SS-321) USS Besugo , a Balao-class submarine, was a ship of the United States Navy named for the besugo, a fish of the porgie family.... at north of Palawan, 23-11-1944. |
| No.152 | Hitachi Zōsen | 25-05-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at Iwo Jima, 04-08-1944. |
| No.153 | Hitachi Zōsen | 15-06-1944 | Decommissioned 30-11-1945. Scrapped 1948. |
| No.154 | Hitachi Zōsen | 05-07-1944 | Completed as Army SB craft at first. Sunk by USN destroyer at Iwo Jima, 05-01-1945. |
| No.155 | Hitachi Zōsen | 19-07-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.156 | Hitachi Zōsen | 05-08-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.157 | Hitachi Zōsen | 19-08-1944 | Sunk by USN destroyer at Iwo Jima, 24-12-1944. |
| No.158 | Hitachi Zōsen | 04-09-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at Naha Naha, Okinawa is the capital city of the Japanese prefecture of Okinawa.Naha is a coastal city located on the East China Sea coast of the southern part of Okinawa Island, the largest of the Ryukyu Islands... , 10-10-1944. |
| No.159 | Hitachi Zōsen | 16-09-1944 | Sunk by a bombardment of US Army tanks and artillery at Ormoc Bay, 12-12-1944. |
| No.160 | Hitachi Zōsen | 05-07-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at Masbate, 24-11-1944. |
| No.161 | Hitachi Zōsen | 14-10-1944 | Sunk by aircraft at west coast of Luson, 25-11-1944. |
| No.162 | Hitachi Zōsen | 23-10-1944 | Transferred to the Army, and renamed SB No.101. Scrapped April 1948. |
| No.163 | Hitachi Zōsen | 31-10-1944 | Transferred to the Army, and renamed SB No.102. |
| No.164 | Ōsaka Zōsen | Construction stopped 11-04-1945. Later scrapped. | |
| No.165 | Ōsaka Zōsen | Construction stopped 28-04-1945. Later scrapped. | |
| 6 vessels | They were cancelled while before named. | ||
| No.172 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 10-03-1945 | Decommissioned 15-09-1945. Surrendered to Republic of China Republic of China The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor... at Qingdao Qingdao ' also known in the West by its postal map spelling Tsingtao, is a major city with a population of over 8.715 million in eastern Shandong province, Eastern China. Its built up area, made of 7 urban districts plus Jimo city, is home to about 4,346,000 inhabitants in 2010.It borders Yantai to the... , 03-10-1947. Renamed Lui Shan (AP-308). Decommissioned 1955. |
| No.173 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 01-04-1945 | Sunk by aircraft at Ryukyu Islands Ryukyu Islands The , also known as the , is a chain of islands in the western Pacific, on the eastern limit of the East China Sea and to the southwest of the island of Kyushu in Japan. From about 1829 until the mid 20th century, they were alternately called Luchu, Loochoo, or Lewchew, akin to the Mandarin... , 22-05-1945. |
| No.174 | Kawanami Kōgyō | 14-07-1945 | Decommissioned 20-11-1945. Scrapped 1948. |
| No.175 | Kawanami Kōgyō | Construction stopped 11-04-1945. Sunk by typhoon 15-09-1945. | |
| No.176 | Kawanami Kōgyō | Construction stopped 25-06-1945. Later scrapped. | |
| 7 vessels | They were cancelled while before named. | ||
| No.184 | Hitachi Zōsen | 30-11-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.185 | Hitachi Zōsen | 10-12-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.186 | Hitachi Zōsen | 24-12-1944 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| No.187 | Hitachi Zōsen | 13-01-1945 | Transferred to the Army, and renamed SB No.114. Scrapped May 1948. |
| No.188 | Hitachi Zōsen | 29-01-1945 | Transferred to the Army, SB craft. |
| 15 vessels | They were cancelled while before named. | ||
See also
- Landing Ship, Tank
- Landing Ship Medium
- Landing craft tankLanding craft tankThe Landing Craft, Tank was an amphibious assault ship for landing tanks on beachheads. They were initially developed by the British Royal Navy and later by the United States Navy during World War II in a series of versions. Initially known as the "Tank Landing Craft" by the British, they later...
- Landing Craft UtilityLanding Craft UtilityThe Landing Craft Utility is a type of boat used by amphibious forces to transport equipment and troops to the shore. They are capable of transporting tracked or wheeled vehicles and troops from amphibious assault ships to beachheads or piers....
- SS class landing shipSS class landing shipThe was a class of amphibious assault ships of the Imperial Japanese Army, serving during World War II. The SS meaning are Sensha-Small.-Background:...
- Daihatsu class landing craftDaihatsu class landing craftThe Daihatsu Class or 14m landing craft was a type of landing craft, used by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. It was similar to the Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel , with a bow ramp that was lowered to disembark cargo upon riding up onto the beach...