No.1 class submarine chaser
Encyclopedia
The was a class of submarine chasers of the Imperial Japanese Navy
(IJN), serving during World War II
. 3 vessels were built in 1933-36 under the Maru 1 Programme
and the Maru 2 Programme
. They have two sub classes, this article handles them collectively.
Imperial Japanese Navy
The Imperial Japanese Navy was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1869 until 1947, when it was dissolved following Japan's constitutional renunciation of the use of force as a means of settling international disputes...
(IJN), serving during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. 3 vessels were built in 1933-36 under the Maru 1 Programme
1st Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1931)
The , otherwise known as the "Circle One" plan was the first of four expansion plans of the Imperial Japanese Navy between 1930 and the start of World War II.-Background:...
and the Maru 2 Programme
2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1934)
The otherwise known as the "Circle Two" Plan was the second of four expansion plans of the Imperial Japanese Navy between 1930 and the start of World War II.-Background:...
. They have two sub classes, this article handles them collectively.
Background
- In World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, German U-boatU-boatU-boat is the anglicized version of the German word U-Boot , itself an abbreviation of Unterseeboot , and refers to military submarines operated by Germany, particularly in World War I and World War II...
raged. The IJN began maintenance of an anti-submarine boat as a lesson in this, because Japanese shoreline and sea-lanes were very long. The IJN had some submarine chaser type tugboats and yard ferries. However, they were small and their speed was low. - The IJN wanted to give the anti-submarine boats a speed of more than 20 knots, because their Kaidai III submarineKaidai class submarineThe was a type of 1st class submarine operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy before and during World War II. The type name, was shortened to . All Kaidai class submarines originally had a two digit boat name, from I-51 onwards. On 20 May 1942, all Kaidai submarines added a '1' to their name. For...
already achieved a 20kt surfaced.
Design
- The Naval Technical Department (Kampon)Imperial Japanese Navy Technical DepartmentThe was the externally operating division of the Ministry of the Navy of Japan responsible for the administration of naval vessel construction. From 1923 onward, it took on the role of a research institution for the research and development of naval technologies and engineering...
made draft shallow to give them high speed. They achieved 24 kt speed hereby. - The No.1 and the No.2 were completed in March 1934, and they were assigned to the 1st Subchaser Division, Yokosuka Naval Defence Squadron.
- However, because of their very shallow draft they lacked the rolling performance. This fact become evident after the Tomozuru incidentChidori class torpedo boatThe was a Imperial Japanese Navy class of torpedo boats that served during the Second World War. They proved to have too much armament for the hull and capsized shortly after completion in heavy weather. The entire class had to be rebuilt before they became satisfactory sea-boats...
. - The Tomozuru incident affected the No.1 class. The No.1 and the No.2 were sent to the Uraga Dock CompanyUraga Dock Companywas a major privately owned shipyard in Uraga, Japan, which built numerous warships for the Imperial Japanese Navy.-History:Uraga Dock Company was founded by Enomoto Takeaki in 1869. A shipyard had already existed in Uraga from the end of the Edo period...
in July 1934, and repairs were started. They were equipped 80 tons ballast and mounted a ballast keel. The drawings for the No.3 type boats were also revised.
Service
- Late 1934, Repairs were completed.
- October 1936, The No.3 assigned to 1st SchDiv. They always shared an action afterward.
- In 1938, the 1st SchDiv was transferred to the No.1 Base Force (ShanghaiShanghaiShanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
). - On 5 September 1941, the No.1 Base Force was transferred to the 2nd FleetIJN 2nd FleetThe was a fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy.-History:First established on 28 December 1903, the IJN 2nd Fleet was created by the Imperial General Headquarters as a mobile strike force of cruisers and destroyers to pursue the Imperial Russian Navy's Vladivostok-based cruiser squadron while the...
. - In December 1941 – March 1942, the 1st SchDiv engaged to the Battle of the Philippines and Dutch East Indies campaignDutch East Indies campaignThe Dutch East Indies campaign of 1941–1942 was the conquest of the Dutch East Indies by forces from the Empire of Japan in the early days of the Pacific Campaign of World War II. Forces from the Allies attempted unsuccessfully to defend the islands. Indonesia was targeted by the Japanese for its...
. - On 10 March 1942, the 1st SchDiv was transferred to the No.21 Special Base Force (SurabayaSurabayaSurabaya is Indonesia's second-largest city with a population of over 2.7 million , and the capital of the province of East Java...
), 2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet, Southwest Area FleetSouthwest Area FleetThe was a fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy established during World War II.-History:The Southwest Area Fleet was an operational command of the Imperial Japanese Navy established on April 10, 1942 to coordinate naval, air, and ground forces for the invasion, occupation and defense of the...
. - On 1 May 1942: The 1st SchDiv was dissolved. They spent all their time for escort operations in the JavaJavaJava is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
Area.
No.1 class
- Project number was K3. 2 vessels were built under the Maru 1 Programme. They equipped the MV hydrophone by Submarine signal companyRaytheonRaytheon Company is a major American defense contractor and industrial corporation with core manufacturing concentrations in weapons and military and commercial electronics. It was previously involved in corporate and special-mission aircraft until early 2007...
and latest active sonar the Type 93.Ship Builder Laid down Launched Completed Fate No.1 Uraga Dock Company 19 June 1933 23 December 1933 24 March 1934 Scuttled by Royal Navy Royal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
off SingaporeSingaporeSingapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
on 11 July 1946. Decommissioned on 10 August 1946.No.2 Tōkyō Ishikawajima Shipyard 9 June 1933 20 December 1933 25 March 1934 Sunk by USS Blueback USS Blueback (SS-326)USS Blueback , a Balao-class submarine, was the first submarine of the United States Navy to be named for a type of salmon. Her keel was laid down on 29 July 1943 by the Electric Boat Company of Groton, Connecticut. She was launched on 7 May 1944 sponsored by Mrs...
at north of LombokLombokLombok is an island in West Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia. It forms part of the chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands, with the Lombok Strait separating it from Bali to the west and the Alas Strait between it and Sumbawa to the east...
on 27 June 1945.
No.3 class
- Project number was K4. Only 1 vessel was built under the Maru 2 Programme. They equipped the Frech SCAM active sonar and latest hydrophone the Type 93. The No.3 was classed in the No.1 class in the IJN official documents.
Ship Builder Laid down Launched Completed Fate No.3 Asano Shipyard 17 April 1935 6 June 1936 5 October 1936 Scuttled by Royal Navy off Singapore on 11 July 1946. Decommissioned on 10 August 1946.