On Nature's Trail
Encyclopedia
On Nature's Trail was a television show produced by the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting in Owings Mills, Maryland
in 1978. The show featured Elmer and Jean Worthley
observing and discussing plants growing at different locations in Baltimore County, Maryland
. Observations were made at the same locations during the Spring, Summer and Fall.
A pamphlet titled "On Natures Trail" was designed and illustrated by Stephen Doyle (A Program Service of the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting, Owings Mills, Maryland 21117). Sketches of some of the plants seen on these weekly walks are included in this booklet, and the following information comes from this publication.
Owings Mills, Maryland
Owings Mills is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. It is a suburb of Baltimore. The population was 20,193 at the 2000 census. Owings Mills is home to the northern terminus for the Baltimore Metro Subway and to Owings Mills Mall....
in 1978. The show featured Elmer and Jean Worthley
Jean Worthley
Jean Reese Worthley is a naturalist. She was the host of Maryland Public Broadcasting's children's nature show Hodgepodge Lodge and co-host of On Nature's Trail. She is also the author of The Complete Family Nature Guide which was published in 1976. Mrs. Worthley, wife of the late botanist Elmer...
observing and discussing plants growing at different locations in Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County is a county located in the northern part of the US state of Maryland. In 2010, its population was 805,029. It is part of the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. Its county seat is Towson. The name of the county was derived from the barony of the Proprietor of the Maryland...
. Observations were made at the same locations during the Spring, Summer and Fall.
A pamphlet titled "On Natures Trail" was designed and illustrated by Stephen Doyle (A Program Service of the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting, Owings Mills, Maryland 21117). Sketches of some of the plants seen on these weekly walks are included in this booklet, and the following information comes from this publication.
- 1. Swamp in Spring [ arrowwood, calamusCalamus SwampCalamus Swamp is a public preserve located from Circleville in Pickaway County, Ohio, United States. It has a natural kettle lake/wetland and is owned by the Columbus Audubon, the local chapter of Audubon.- History :...
, cinnamon fern, poison sumacPoison SumacPoison sumac is a woody shrub or small tree growing to 7 m tall. All parts of the plant contain a resin called urushiol that causes skin and mucous membrane irritation to humans...
, red mapleRed MapleAcer rubrum , is one of the most common and widespread deciduous trees of eastern North America. It ranges from the Lake of the Woods on the border between Ontario and Minnesota, east to Newfoundland, south to near Miami, Florida, and southwest to east Texas...
, silkydogwood, skunk cabbageSkunk CabbageSkunk Cabbage may refer to:* the genus Lysichiton* Asian Skunk Cabbage, Lysichiton camtschatcense, grows in eastern Asia* Eastern Skunk Cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus, grows in eastern North America...
, smooth alder, sphagnum moss, spicebush, swamp highbush blueberry, Turk's-cap lily, tussock sedge ]
- 2. Serpentine Barren in Spring [ beard grass, bird's-foot violet, blue-eyed grassBlue-eyed grassSisyrinchium is a genus of 70-150 species of annual to perennial plants of the iris family, native to the New World.Several species in the eastern United States are threatened or endangered.-Taxonomy:...
, bluets, British soldiers (lichen), broom moss, cinquefoil, cushion moss, ebony spleenwortEbony spleenwortleft|thumbAsplenium platyneuron is a species of spleenwort with a peculiar distribution in two continents. In North America it is native almost throughout the eastern United States, and in the far southeast of Canada; there are also isolated small populations in New Mexico, Arizona and the West...
, field chickweed, gray shield lichen, holy grass, Indian grass, lyre-leaved rockcress, pixie cups (lichen), purple ceratodon (moss), reindeer lichen, sagittate-leaved violet, urn fungus, Virginia pineVirginia PinePinus virginiana is a medium-sized tree, often found on poorer soils from Long Island in southern New York south through the Appalachian Mountains to western Tennessee and Alabama. The usual size range for this pine is 9–18 m, but can grow taller under optimum conditions. The trunk can be...
, wrinkled shield lichen ]
- 3. Stream in Spring [ Carex crinita (sedge), Christmas fern, cinnamon fern, false helleboreFalse helleboreFalse hellebore is used as the common name of plants in two different families:* Adonis vernalis * Veratrum species...
, false Solomon's seal, golden saxifrage, Indian cucumber, lady fern, liverwortLiverwortLiverwort may refer to either*Marchantiophyta, a division of non-vascular plants*Hepatica, a genus of spring flowersliverworts are part of the bryophytes group and the bryophytes of the PlantaeIn the bryophytres group their are mosses too....
, May apple, rattlesnake fern, shining club moss, silvery spleenwort, skunk cabbageSkunk CabbageSkunk Cabbage may refer to:* the genus Lysichiton* Asian Skunk Cabbage, Lysichiton camtschatcense, grows in eastern Asia* Eastern Skunk Cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus, grows in eastern North America...
, royal fernRoyal fernOsmunda regalis, the Old World Royal fern, is a species of Osmunda, native to Europe, Africa, and Asia, growing in woodland bogs. The species is sometimes known as flowering fern due to the appearance of its fertile fronds.-Description:...
, stinging nettleStinging nettleStinging nettle or common nettle, Urtica dioica, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant, native to Europe, Asia, northern Africa, and North America, and is the best-known member of the nettle genus Urtica...
, tulip tree flower ]
- 4. Woods in Spring [ beechBeechBeech is a genus of ten species of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia and North America.-Habit:...
, chestnut oakChestnut oakQuercus prinus , the chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group, Quercus sect. Quercus. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is one of the most important ridgetop trees from southern Maine southwest to central Mississippi, with an outlying northwestern population in...
, fungus on laurel leaf, hay-scented fern, lion's-foot, maple-leaved viburnum, mountain laurel, partridge berryPartridge berryThe name partridge berry is commonly applied to a number of plant species including:*Mitchella repens*Gaultheria procumbens*Vaccinium vitis-idaea , better known as lingonberry or cowberry...
, polypody fern, red-backed salamander, trailing arbutus, Virginia creeper, wild azalea, wild sarsaparillaSarsaparillais a perennial trailing vine with prickly stems that is native to Central America. Common names include Sarsaparilla , Honduran Sarsaparilla, and Jamaican Sarsaparilla...
, Wissahickon schist, witch hazelWitch hazelWitch hazel may refer to:*Witch-hazel , a genus of decorative shrubs in North America and east Asia*Witch hazel , an astringent topical medicine derived from the Hamamelis plant...
]
- 5. Woodsy Stream in Spring [ black gum, common elder or elderberryElderberrySambucus is a genus of between 5 and 30 species of shrubs or small trees in the moschatel family, Adoxaceae. It was formerly placed in the honeysuckle family, Caprifoliaceae, but was reclassified due to genetic evidence...
, cross vine, deer's tongue panic grass, fragile or brittle fern, green ashGreen AshFraxinus pennsylvanica is a species of ash native to eastern and central North America, from Nova Scotia west to southeastern Alberta and eastern Colorado, south to northern Florida, and southwest to eastern Texas....
, hairy cap moss, Higan cherry, hill Senecio, hispid buttercup, hog peanut, Jack-in-the-pulpit, jewel weed, lady fern, oak daedalia, red mapleRed MapleAcer rubrum , is one of the most common and widespread deciduous trees of eastern North America. It ranges from the Lake of the Woods on the border between Ontario and Minnesota, east to Newfoundland, south to near Miami, Florida, and southwest to east Texas...
, wild lily-of-the-valley, wool sower gall ]
- 6. Pasture Field in Spring [ bulbous buttercupBulbous buttercupRanunculus bulbosus, commonly known as St Anthony's turnip or bulbous buttercup, is a perennial weed of the Buttercup Family. It has attractive yellow flowers, and deeply divided, three-lobed long-petioled basal leaves. Bulbous buttercup is known to form tufts.-Growth:The stems are 20-60 cm...
, common speedwell, daisyBellis perennisBellis perennis is a common European species of Daisy, often considered the archetypal species of that name. Many related plants also share the name "Daisy", so to distinguish this species from other daisies it is sometimes qualified as Common Daisy, Lawn Daisy or occasionally English daisy. It is...
, field hawkweed, horse nettle, Kentucky bluegrass, multiflora roseMultiflora RoseRosa multiflora is a species of rose native to eastern Asia, in China, Japan and Korea....
, pasture thistle, puffballPuffballA puffball is a member of any of several groups of fungus in the division Basidiomycota. The puffballs were previously treated as a taxonomic group called the Gasteromycetes or Gasteromycetidae, but they are now known to be a polyphyletic assemblage. The distinguishing feature of all puffballs is...
, pussytoes, spittlebug, sweet vernal grass, wild strawberry, yarrowYarrowAchillea millefolium or yarrow is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to the Northern Hemisphere. In New Mexico and southern Colorado, it is called plumajillo, or "little feather", for the shape of the leaves. In antiquity, yarrow was known as herbal militaris, for its use in...
]
- 7. Railroad Track in Spring [ bouncing bet, butter-and-eggsLinaria vulgarisLinaria vulgaris is a species of toadflax , native to most of Europe and northern Asia, from the United Kingdom south to Spain in the west, and east to eastern Siberia and western China...
, common horsetailHorsetailEquisetum is the only living genus in the Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds.Equisetum is a "living fossil", as it is the only living genus of the entire class Equisetopsida, which for over one hundred million years was much more diverse and...
, common milkweedCommon MilkweedAsclepias syriaca, commonly called Common Milkweed, Butterfly flower, Silkweed, Silky Swallow-wort, Virginia Silkweed, is a herbaceous plant species. It is in the genus Asclepias, making it a type of milkweed. This species is native to most of North America east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding...
, dockRumexThe docks and sorrels, genus Rumex L., are a genus of about 200 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbs in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae....
, downy brome grass, evening lychnis, milk snakeMilk SnakeThe milk snake or milksnake is a species of king snake. There are 25 subspecies among the milk snakes, including the commonly named scarlet kingsnake...
, mulleinMulleinThe Mulleins are a genus of about 250 species of flowering plants in the figwort family . They are native to Europe and Asia, with the highest species diversity in the Mediterranean region.They are biennial or perennial plants, rarely annuals or subshrubs, growing to 0.5–3 m tall...
, pennycress, peppergrass, reed canary grassReed canary grassReed canarygrass, Phalaris arundinacea, is a tall, perennial bunchgrass that commonly forms extensive single-species stands along the margins of lakes and streams and in wet open areas, with a wide distribution in Europe, Asia, northern Africa and North America.-Description:The stems can reach 2.5...
, spiderwort, spreading dogbane, Venus' looking-glass, viper's buglossViper's BuglossEchium vulgare is a species of Echium native to most of Europe, and western and central Asia. It is also common in North America....
, wintercress, yellow sweet clover ]
- 8. Roadside in Spring [ asparagus beetleAsparagus beetleCrioceris or asparagus beetle is a genus of the family Chrysomelidae of beetles. The name is neo Latin from Greek κριός, ram and κέρας, horn.-Species:*Crioceris asparagi , common asparagus beetle...
, bagworm, bedstraw, black medick, black willow, box elderBox ElderBox Elder may refer to:*The Box elder, Acer negundo, a species of maple*The Box elder bug, an insect which feeds on maple trees*Box Elders, a punk band from Omaha, Nebraska*Places named "Box Elder" include:*Box Elder, Montana, United States of America...
, coltsfootColtsfootTussilago farfara, commonly known as Coltsfoot, is a plant in the family Asteraceae.It has been used medicinally as a cough suppressant. The name "tussilago" itself means "cough suppressant." The plant has been used historically to treat lung ailments such as asthma as well as various coughs by way...
, common ragweedRagweedRagweeds are flowering plants in the genus Ambrosia in the sunflower family Asteraceae. Common names include bitterweeds and bloodweeds....
, dandelion, dodder, giant ragweedRagweedRagweeds are flowering plants in the genus Ambrosia in the sunflower family Asteraceae. Common names include bitterweeds and bloodweeds....
, Japanese honeysuckleJapanese HoneysuckleThe Japanese Honeysuckle is a species of honeysuckle native to eastern Asia including China , Japan, and Korea. It is a twining vine able to climb up to high or more in trees, with opposite, simple oval leaves long and broad...
, northern weasel, perfoliate tearthumb, poison ivyPoison ivyToxicodendron radicans, better known as poison ivy , is a poisonous North American plant that is well known for its production of urushiol, a clear liquid compound found within the sap of the plant that causes an itching rash in most people who touch it...
, rough bluegrass, sheep fescue, Virginia creeper, white mulberryWhite MulberryMorus alba, known as white mulberry, is a short-lived, fast-growing, small to medium sized mulberry tree, which grows to 10–20 m tall. The species is native to northern China, and is widely cultivated and naturalized elsewhere...
, wild asparagus, wild lettuce, wild yamWild yamDioscorea villosa is a species of a twining tuberous vine that is native to and found growing wild in North America. Its fame is based on its steroid-like saponins which can be chemically converted to progesterone ; and cortisone....
]
- 9. Pond in Summer [ alderAlderAlder is the common name of a genus of flowering plants belonging to the birch family . The genus comprises about 30 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, few reaching large size, distributed throughout the North Temperate Zone and in the Americas along the Andes southwards to...
, ants, bur reed, cardinal flower, cattail, duckweed, green frogs, heal-all, meadow beauty, pickerel weed, pink lotus, rattlebox, sedgesCyperaceaeCyperaceae are a family of monocotyledonous graminoid flowering plants known as sedges, which superficially resemble grasses or rushes. The family is large, with some 5,500 species described in about 109 genera. These species are widely distributed, with the centers of diversity for the group...
, spreading goldenrod, swamp milkweed, water clover (fern), water lilyNymphaeaceaeNymphaeaceae is a family of flowering plants. Members of this family are commonly called water lilies and live in freshwater areas in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains eight genera. There are about 70 species of water lilies around the world. The genus...
, water plantain, wooly aphids, yellow iris ]
- 10. Hedgerow in Summer [ black gum, black oakBlack oakQuercus velutina, the eastern black oak or more commonly known as simply black oak, is an oak in the red oak group of oaks. It is native to eastern North America from southern Ontario south to northern Florida and southern Maine west to northeastern Texas...
, black sweet cherry, black wild raspberry, flowering dogwoodFlowering DogwoodCornus florida is a species of dogwood native to eastern North America, from southern Maine west to southern Ontario, Illinois, and eastern Kansas, and south to northern Florida and eastern Texas, with a disjunct population in Nuevo León and Veracruz in eastern Mexico.-Classification:The flowering...
, greenbrierGreenbrierGreenbrier is the common name of the plant genus Smilax. It may also refer to:Places, United States*Greenbrier, Arkansas*Greenbrier, Orange County, Indiana*Greenbrier, Warrick County, Indiana*Greenbrier, Tennessee, in Robertson County...
, Japanese honeysuckleJapanese HoneysuckleThe Japanese Honeysuckle is a species of honeysuckle native to eastern Asia including China , Japan, and Korea. It is a twining vine able to climb up to high or more in trees, with opposite, simple oval leaves long and broad...
, multiflora roseMultiflora RoseRosa multiflora is a species of rose native to eastern Asia, in China, Japan and Korea....
, pignut hickory, pin oakPin oakQuercus palustris, the Pin oak or Swamp Spanish oak, is an oak in the red oak section Quercus sect. Lobatae.-Distribution:...
, red sweet cherry, sassafrasSassafrasSassafras is a genus of three extant and one extinct species of deciduous trees in the family Lauraceae, native to eastern North America and eastern Asia.-Overview:...
, slippery elmSlippery ElmUlmus rubra, the Slippery Elm, is a species of elm native to eastern North America...
, staghorn sumac, wax cherry, white mulberryWhite MulberryMorus alba, known as white mulberry, is a short-lived, fast-growing, small to medium sized mulberry tree, which grows to 10–20 m tall. The species is native to northern China, and is widely cultivated and naturalized elsewhere...
, yellow sweet cherry, yellow wild raspberry ]
- 11. Old Field in Summer [ agrimonyAgrimonyAgrimonia, commonly known as Agrimony, is a genus of 12-15 species of perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the family Rosaceae, native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with one species also in Africa...
, black cherryBlack CherryPrunus serotina, commonly called black cherry, wild black cherry, rum cherry, or mountain black cherry, is a woody plant species belonging to the genus Prunus...
, Canada goldenrod, clammy everlasting, dogbane, early goldenrod, horse nettle, orchard grass, pennyroyalPennyroyalPennyroyal refers to two plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. For the American species, see American pennyroyal. The European pennyroyal, Mentha pulegium, , is a plant in the mint genus, within the family Lamiaceae. Crushed Pennyroyal leaves exhibit a very strong fragrance similar to spearmint...
, poison ivyPoison ivyToxicodendron radicans, better known as poison ivy , is a poisonous North American plant that is well known for its production of urushiol, a clear liquid compound found within the sap of the plant that causes an itching rash in most people who touch it...
, purple-top, Queen Anne's laceQueen Anne's laceQueen Anne's lace may refer to the following plants:* Ammi majus* Daucus carota* Anthriscus sylvestris...
, white mulberryWhite MulberryMorus alba, known as white mulberry, is a short-lived, fast-growing, small to medium sized mulberry tree, which grows to 10–20 m tall. The species is native to northern China, and is widely cultivated and naturalized elsewhere...
, wild lettuce, yarrowYarrowAchillea millefolium or yarrow is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to the Northern Hemisphere. In New Mexico and southern Colorado, it is called plumajillo, or "little feather", for the shape of the leaves. In antiquity, yarrow was known as herbal militaris, for its use in...
]
- 12. Swamp in Summer [ arrow-leaved tearthumb, blue vervain, broad-leaved arrowhead, cinnamon fern, dodder, ironweedVernoniaVernonia is a genus of about 1000 species of forbs and shrubs in the family Asteraceae. Some species are known as Ironweed. Some species are edible and of economic value. They are known for having intense purple flowers. The genus is named for English botanist William Vernon. There are numerous...
, joe pye weed, marsh harebell, poison sumacPoison SumacPoison sumac is a woody shrub or small tree growing to 7 m tall. All parts of the plant contain a resin called urushiol that causes skin and mucous membrane irritation to humans...
, rice cut grass, skunk cabbageSkunk CabbageSkunk Cabbage may refer to:* the genus Lysichiton* Asian Skunk Cabbage, Lysichiton camtschatcense, grows in eastern Asia* Eastern Skunk Cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus, grows in eastern North America...
, sphagnumSphagnumSphagnum is a genus of between 151 and 350 species of mosses commonly called peat moss, due to its prevalence in peat bogs and mires. A distinction is made between sphagnum moss, the live moss growing on top of a peat bog on one hand, and sphagnum peat moss or sphagnum peat on the other, the...
, St. Johnswort, Turk's-cap lily, winterberry holly ]
- 13. Serpentine Barren in Summer [ blackjack oakBlackjack oakQuercus marilandica is a small oak, one of the red oak group Quercus sect. Lobatae, but fairly isolated from the others...
, blazing starBlazing Staris a scrolling shooter video game for the Neo Geo home game system. It is the sequel to the acclaimed Neo Geo shooter Pulstar, which was itself a close cousin to the R-Type franchise...
, blue-eyed grassBlue-eyed grassSisyrinchium is a genus of 70-150 species of annual to perennial plants of the iris family, native to the New World.Several species in the eastern United States are threatened or endangered.-Taxonomy:...
, British soldiers (lichen), field chickweed, flameflower, gerardia, gray goldenrod, Indian grass, lyre-leaved rockcress, monarch butterflyMonarch butterflyThe Monarch butterfly is a milkweed butterfly , in the family Nymphalidae. It is perhaps the best known of all North American butterflies. Since the 19th century, it has been found in New Zealand, and in Australia since 1871 where it is called the Wanderer...
, orangeweed, partridge pea, pixie cup, post oakPost oakQuercus stellata is an oak in the white oak group. It is a small tree, typically 10–15 m tall and 30–60 cm trunk diameter, though occasional specimens reach 30 m tall and 140 cm diameter. It is native to the eastern United States, from Connecticut in the northeast, west to southern Iowa, southwest...
, reindeer lichen, Sabatia, slender knotweed, slender ladies' tresses, sundrops, three-awn grass, turkey-foot beard grass, Virginia pineVirginia PinePinus virginiana is a medium-sized tree, often found on poorer soils from Long Island in southern New York south through the Appalachian Mountains to western Tennessee and Alabama. The usual size range for this pine is 9–18 m, but can grow taller under optimum conditions. The trunk can be...
, whorled milkwort, yellow flax ]
- 14. Fire Ecology [ box turtleBox turtleThe box turtle , or box tortoise is a genus of turtle native to North America . The 12 taxa which are distinguished in the genus are distributed over four species. It is largely characterized by having a domed shell, which is hinged at the bottom, allowing the animal to close its shell tightly to...
, Canada thistle, carpetweedCarpetweedCarpetweed can mean:* Aizoaceae* Ajuga reptans, a plant* Molluginaceae* Mollugo* Mollugo verticillata...
, catnip, dandelion, field basil, hawkweedHawkweedHawkweed refers to any species in the very large genus Hieracium and its segregate genus Pilosella, in the sunflower family ....
, heal-all, late goldenrod, orchard grass, purpletop grass, spoon moss, tall goldenrod, three-seeded mercury, timothy-grassTimothy-grassTimothy-grass , is an abundant perennial grass native to most of Europe except for the Mediterranean region. It grows to 50–150 cm tall, with leaves up to 45 cm long and 1 cm broad. The flowerhead is 7–15 cm long and 8–10 mm broad, with densely packed spikelets...
]
- 15. Woods in Summer [ American chestnutAmerican ChestnutThe American Chestnut is a large, deciduous tree of the beech family native to eastern North America. Before the species was devastated by the chestnut blight, a fungal disease, it was one of the most important forest trees throughout its range...
, beechBeechBeech is a genus of ten species of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia and North America.-Habit:...
, black gum, chestnut oakChestnut oakQuercus prinus , the chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group, Quercus sect. Quercus. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is one of the most important ridgetop trees from southern Maine southwest to central Mississippi, with an outlying northwestern population in...
, Christmas fern, cicadas, hay-scented fern, Indian cucumber, marginal shield fern, mountain laurel, New York fern, partridgeberry, pinxter flower, polypody fern, rattlesnake orchid, shadbush, slime mold, spiny-bellied spider, spotted wintergreen, tickle grass, trailing arbutus, Virginia creeper, witch hazelWitch hazelWitch hazel may refer to:*Witch-hazel , a genus of decorative shrubs in North America and east Asia*Witch hazel , an astringent topical medicine derived from the Hamamelis plant...
]
- 16. Multiflora Rose Hedge [ bittersweetBittersweet-Biology:*A vine in the nightshade family, Solanum dulcamara*Some species of vines in the genus Celastrus, including American bittersweet and Oriental bittersweet -Biology:*A vine in the nightshade family, Solanum dulcamara*Some species of vines in the genus Celastrus, including American...
, bobwhite, bush honeysuckle, catbirdCatbirdSeveral unrelated groups of songbirds are called catbirds because of their wailing calls, which resemble a cat's meowing. The genus name Ailuroedus likewise is from the Greek for "cat-singer" or "cat-voiced"....
, coral honeysuckle, fox grapeFox grapeFox grape may refer to any of the following species of grapevine:*Vitis labrusca*Vitis vulpina...
, FrankliniaFrankliniaFranklinia is a monotypic genus in the tea plant family, Theaceae. The sole species in this genus is a flowering tree, Franklinia alatamaha, commonly called the Franklin tree, and native to the Altamaha River valley in Georgia in the southeastern United States...
, golden garden spider, horse nettle, Japanese honeysuckleJapanese HoneysuckleThe Japanese Honeysuckle is a species of honeysuckle native to eastern Asia including China , Japan, and Korea. It is a twining vine able to climb up to high or more in trees, with opposite, simple oval leaves long and broad...
, Japanese silverberry, mocking bird, multiflora roseMultiflora RoseRosa multiflora is a species of rose native to eastern Asia, in China, Japan and Korea....
, nimblewillNimblewillMuhlenbergia schreberi, Nimblewill, is a grass species native to North America.-Turf grass:It is considered a southern turf type lawn grass and turns brown in the winter. This makes it a lesser grass for northern climate lawns...
, perfoliate tearthumb, ragweedRagweedRagweeds are flowering plants in the genus Ambrosia in the sunflower family Asteraceae. Common names include bitterweeds and bloodweeds....
, thistleThistleThistle is the common name of a group of flowering plants characterised by leaves with sharp prickles on the margins, mostly in the family Asteraceae. Prickles often occur all over the plant – on surfaces such as those of the stem and flat parts of leaves. These are an adaptation that protects the...
, virgin's bower ]
- 17. Vacant Lot [ Ailanthus altissima, barnyard grass, bird's nest fungi, chickory, climbing false buckwheat, cockleburCockleburCockleburs are a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to the Americas and eastern Asia.-Growth:They are coarse, herbaceous annual plants growing to 19.69-47.24 in tall. The leaves are spirally arranged, with a deeply toothed margin. Some species, notably X...
, common ragweedRagweedRagweeds are flowering plants in the genus Ambrosia in the sunflower family Asteraceae. Common names include bitterweeds and bloodweeds....
, evening primroseEvening PrimroseEvening Primrose is a musical with a book by James Goldman and lyrics and music by Stephen Sondheim. It is based on a John Collier short story published in the 1951 collection Fancies and Goodnights....
, Faber's bristlegrass, forking panic grass, hedge bindweed, Indian mallow, Jimson weed, Korean lespedezea, lamb's quartersLamb's quartersLamb's quarter, lambsquarters and similar terms refer to various species of goosefoot, or pigweed.There are numerous variations, with or without hyphens and apostrophes, using one word or two, and singular or plural...
, Queen Anne's laceQueen Anne's laceQueen Anne's lace may refer to the following plants:* Ammi majus* Daucus carota* Anthriscus sylvestris...
, wild lettuce, yellow goat's beard, yellow wood-sorrel ]
- 18. Pond in Fall [ bluejay, boneset, bur-reed, cardinal flower, goldenrodGoldenrodSolidago, commonly called goldenrods, is a genus of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Most are herbaceous perennial species found in the meadows and pastures, along roads, ditches and waste areas in North America. There are also a few species native to Mexico, South...
, ironweedVernoniaVernonia is a genus of about 1000 species of forbs and shrubs in the family Asteraceae. Some species are known as Ironweed. Some species are edible and of economic value. They are known for having intense purple flowers. The genus is named for English botanist William Vernon. There are numerous...
, joe-pye weed, meadow-beauty, nodding ladies' tresses, purple-stemmed aster, red mapleRed MapleAcer rubrum , is one of the most common and widespread deciduous trees of eastern North America. It ranges from the Lake of the Woods on the border between Ontario and Minnesota, east to Newfoundland, south to near Miami, Florida, and southwest to east Texas...
, rushJuncaceaeJuncaceae, the rush family, are a monocotyledonous family of flowering plants. There are eight genera and about 400 species. Members of the Juncaceae are slow-growing, rhizomatous, herbaceous plants, and they may superficially resemble grasses. They often grow on infertile soils in a wide range...
, sedgeCyperaceaeCyperaceae are a family of monocotyledonous graminoid flowering plants known as sedges, which superficially resemble grasses or rushes. The family is large, with some 5,500 species described in about 109 genera. These species are widely distributed, with the centers of diversity for the group...
, spreading goldenrod, wooly aphid ]
- 19. Serpentine Barren in Fall [ blackhaw, blackjack oakBlackjack oakQuercus marilandica is a small oak, one of the red oak group Quercus sect. Lobatae, but fairly isolated from the others...
, bluejay, burnetBurnet- Living things:* Plants in the genus Sanguisorba* Moths in the genus Zygaena * Salad Burnet or Burnet, European borage salad* Burnet Saxifrage, a plant used as a herb- People with surname Burnet:...
, chinquapin oak, fringed gentian, golden garden spider, inchwormInchwormInchworms are the caterpillars of geometer moths.Inchworm can also mean:*Inchworm , a song from the film Hans Christian Andersen*Inchworm , a ride-on toy manufactured by Hasbro in the 1970s...
, Indian grass, longhorn grasshopper, new Belgian aster, ninebark, post oakPost oakQuercus stellata is an oak in the white oak group. It is a small tree, typically 10–15 m tall and 30–60 cm trunk diameter, though occasional specimens reach 30 m tall and 140 cm diameter. It is native to the eastern United States, from Connecticut in the northeast, west to southern Iowa, southwest...
, scrub pine, small-flowered white aster, spike moss, sycamoreSycamoreSycamore is a name which is applied at various times and places to three very different types of trees, but with somewhat similar leaf forms....
, ten-petaled sunflower, turkey vultureTurkey VultureThe Turkey Vulture is a bird found throughout most of the Americas. It is also known in some North American regions as the Turkey Buzzard , and in some areas of the Caribbean as the John Crow or Carrion Crow...
, yellowjacketYellowjacketYellowjacket is the common name in North America for predatory wasps of the genera Vespula and Dolichovespula. Members of these genera are known simply as "wasps" in other English-speaking countries...
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- 20. Old Orchard [ appleAppleThe apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, species Malus domestica in the rose family . It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits, and the most widely known of the many members of genus Malus that are used by humans. Apple grow on small, deciduous trees that blossom in the spring...
, blackberryBlackberryThe blackberry is an edible fruit produced by any of several species in the Rubus genus of the Rosaceae family. The fruit is not a true berry; botanically it is termed an aggregate fruit, composed of small drupelets. The plants typically have biennial canes and perennial roots. Blackberries and...
, Chinese chestnut, deer's tongue panic grass, early goldenrod, fox grapeFox grapeFox grape may refer to any of the following species of grapevine:*Vitis labrusca*Vitis vulpina...
meadow mushroom, Norway mapleNorway MapleAcer platanoides is a species of maple native to eastern and central Europe and southwest Asia, from France east to Russia, north to southern Scandinavia and southeast to northern Iran....
, orchard grass, PerillaPerillaPerilla is the common name of the herbs of the genus Perilla of the mint family, Lamiaceae. In mild climates, the plant reseeds itself. There are both green-leafed and purple-leafed varieties, which are generally recognized as separate species by botanists. The leaves resemble stinging nettle...
, poison ivyPoison ivyToxicodendron radicans, better known as poison ivy , is a poisonous North American plant that is well known for its production of urushiol, a clear liquid compound found within the sap of the plant that causes an itching rash in most people who touch it...
, pokeweedPokeweedThe pokeweeds, also known as pokebush, pokeberry, pokeroot, poke sallet, polk salad, polk salat, polk sallet, inkberry or ombú, comprise the genus Phytolacca, perennial plants native to North America, South America, East Asia and New Zealand...
, riverbank grape, sensitive fernSensitive fernOnoclea sensibilis, the Sensitive fern, also known as the bead fern, is a coarse-textured, medium to large-sized perennial fern. The name comes from the observation by early American settlers that it was very sensitive to frost, the fronds dying quickly when first touched by it...
, smooth sumac, Virginia creeper, white avens, wood nymph butterfly ]
- 21. Swamp in Fall [ American hollyAmerican HollyIlex opaca, the American Holly, is a species of holly, native to the eastern United States, from coastal Massachusetts south to central Florida, and west to southeastern Missouri and eastern Texas.-Description:...
, arrowwood, cinnamon fern, crayfishCrayfishCrayfish, crawfish, or crawdads – members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea – are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related...
, fern-leaf moss, holly leaf miner, holly leaf spot, joe-pye weed, mnium moss, pilose aster, poison sumacPoison SumacPoison sumac is a woody shrub or small tree growing to 7 m tall. All parts of the plant contain a resin called urushiol that causes skin and mucous membrane irritation to humans...
, red mapleRed MapleAcer rubrum , is one of the most common and widespread deciduous trees of eastern North America. It ranges from the Lake of the Woods on the border between Ontario and Minnesota, east to Newfoundland, south to near Miami, Florida, and southwest to east Texas...
, silky dogwood, skunk cabbageSkunk CabbageSkunk Cabbage may refer to:* the genus Lysichiton* Asian Skunk Cabbage, Lysichiton camtschatcense, grows in eastern Asia* Eastern Skunk Cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus, grows in eastern North America...
, smooth alder, song sparrowSong SparrowThe Song Sparrow is a medium-sized American sparrow.Adults have brown upperparts with dark streaks on the back and are white underneath with dark streaking and a dark brown spot in the middle of the breast. They have a brown cap and a long brown rounded tail. Their face is grey with a streak...
, sphagnum moss, spreading goldenrod, swamp highbush blueberry, Turk's-cap lily, tussock sedge, winterberry holly ]
- 22. Stream in Fall [ Christmas fern, clearweed, enchanter's nightshade, false Solomon's seal, fringed loosestrife, hog peanut, horse balm, jewelweed, liverwortLiverwortLiverwort may refer to either*Marchantiophyta, a division of non-vascular plants*Hepatica, a genus of spring flowersliverworts are part of the bryophytes group and the bryophytes of the PlantaeIn the bryophytres group their are mosses too....
, pileated woodpeaker, shining club moss, tick trefoil, tulip tree, turtlehead, Virginia knotweed ]
- 23. Railroad in Fall [ ball goldenrod gall, bouncing bet, butter-and-eggsLinaria vulgarisLinaria vulgaris is a species of toadflax , native to most of Europe and northern Asia, from the United Kingdom south to Spain in the west, and east to eastern Siberia and western China...
, common blue violet, common milkweedCommon MilkweedAsclepias syriaca, commonly called Common Milkweed, Butterfly flower, Silkweed, Silky Swallow-wort, Virginia Silkweed, is a herbaceous plant species. It is in the genus Asclepias, making it a type of milkweed. This species is native to most of North America east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding...
, great Solomon's seal, jumping spiderJumping spiderThe jumping spider family contains more than 500 described genera and about 5,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders with about 13% of all species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among invertebrates and use it in courtship, hunting and navigation...
, pennycress, spindle goldenrod gall, spreading dogbane, swamp rose, swamp white oakSwamp White OakQuercus bicolor, the swamp white oak, is a medium-sized tree of the north central and northeastern mixed forests. It has a very large range, and can survive in a variety of habitats. It grows rapidly and can reach 300 to 350 years...
, tick trefoil, wintercress, wooly bear caterpillar ]
- 24. Roadside in Fall [ bagworm, barnyard grass, bedstraw, black-eyed SusanBlack-eyed SusanBlack-eyed Susan may refer to one of several things:Flowers* Rudbeckia hirta, a member of the sunflower tribe of the large family Asteraceae* A number of other members of the genus Rudbeckia* Hibiscus trionum in the family Malvaceae...
, black willow, box elderBox ElderBox Elder may refer to:*The Box elder, Acer negundo, a species of maple*The Box elder bug, an insect which feeds on maple trees*Box Elders, a punk band from Omaha, Nebraska*Places named "Box Elder" include:*Box Elder, Montana, United States of America...
, clearweed, coltsfootColtsfootTussilago farfara, commonly known as Coltsfoot, is a plant in the family Asteraceae.It has been used medicinally as a cough suppressant. The name "tussilago" itself means "cough suppressant." The plant has been used historically to treat lung ailments such as asthma as well as various coughs by way...
, common milkweedCommon MilkweedAsclepias syriaca, commonly called Common Milkweed, Butterfly flower, Silkweed, Silky Swallow-wort, Virginia Silkweed, is a herbaceous plant species. It is in the genus Asclepias, making it a type of milkweed. This species is native to most of North America east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding...
, forked panic grass, giant ragweedRagweedRagweeds are flowering plants in the genus Ambrosia in the sunflower family Asteraceae. Common names include bitterweeds and bloodweeds....
, jewelweed, perfoliate tearthumb, poison ivyPoison ivyToxicodendron radicans, better known as poison ivy , is a poisonous North American plant that is well known for its production of urushiol, a clear liquid compound found within the sap of the plant that causes an itching rash in most people who touch it...
, purple-stemmed aster, rough bluegrass, swamp milkweed, white aster, white mulberryWhite MulberryMorus alba, known as white mulberry, is a short-lived, fast-growing, small to medium sized mulberry tree, which grows to 10–20 m tall. The species is native to northern China, and is widely cultivated and naturalized elsewhere...
, wild asparagus, wild lettuce, wild yamWild yamDioscorea villosa is a species of a twining tuberous vine that is native to and found growing wild in North America. Its fame is based on its steroid-like saponins which can be chemically converted to progesterone ; and cortisone....
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- 25. Woods in Fall [ Christmas fern, greenbrierGreenbrierGreenbrier is the common name of the plant genus Smilax. It may also refer to:Places, United States*Greenbrier, Arkansas*Greenbrier, Orange County, Indiana*Greenbrier, Warrick County, Indiana*Greenbrier, Tennessee, in Robertson County...
, huckleberryHuckleberryHuckleberry is a common name used in North America for several species of plants in two closely related genera in the family Ericaceae:* Vaccinium* GaylussaciaHuckleberry may also refer to:-Plants:...
, marginal wood fern, mountain laurel, New York fern, partridge berryPartridge berryThe name partridge berry is commonly applied to a number of plant species including:*Mitchella repens*Gaultheria procumbens*Vaccinium vitis-idaea , better known as lingonberry or cowberry...
, pileated woodpeckerPileated WoodpeckerThe Pileated Woodpecker is a very large North American woodpecker, almost crow-sized, inhabiting deciduous forests in eastern North America, the Great Lakes, the boreal forests of Canada, and parts of the Pacific coast. It is also the largest woodpecker in America.Adults are long, and weigh...
, polypody, rattlesnake plantain, slime mold, spotted wintergreen, wild lily-of-the-valley ]
- 26. Stone Wall [ black walnutBlack WalnutJuglans nigra, the Eastern Black walnut, is a species of flowering tree in the hickory family, Juglandaceae, that is native to eastern North America. It grows mostly in riparian zones, from southern Ontario, west to southeast South Dakota, south to Georgia, northern Florida and southwest to central...
, Boston ivy, chipmunkChipmunkChipmunks are small striped squirrels native to North America and Asia. They are usually classed either as a single genus with three subgenera, or as three genera.-Etymology and taxonomy:...
, ebony spleenwortEbony spleenwortleft|thumbAsplenium platyneuron is a species of spleenwort with a peculiar distribution in two continents. In North America it is native almost throughout the eastern United States, and in the far southeast of Canada; there are also isolated small populations in New Mexico, Arizona and the West...
, English ivy, gray squirrelGray squirrelGray squirrel or grey squirrel may refer to several species of squirrel indigenous to North America:*The Eastern gray squirrel , from the eastern United States and southeastern Canada; introduced into Britain, Ireland, western North America, Italy, and South Africa;*The Western Gray Squirrel , from...
, jumping spiderJumping spiderThe jumping spider family contains more than 500 described genera and about 5,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders with about 13% of all species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among invertebrates and use it in courtship, hunting and navigation...
, nimblewillNimblewillMuhlenbergia schreberi, Nimblewill, is a grass species native to North America.-Turf grass:It is considered a southern turf type lawn grass and turns brown in the winter. This makes it a lesser grass for northern climate lawns...
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