Pierre-François, Marquis de Rougé
Encyclopedia
Pierre-François, Marquis de Rougé (1702–1761) was a French nobleman and General. The son of Pierre III, Marquis de Rougé
and of Jeanne Prézeau de la Guilletière, he held the hereditary titles Marquis de Rougé, Baron de Coetmen, Lord of Le Tremblay and La Belliere. Later in life he became Governor of Givet and Charlemont. He is represented in the Castle of Versailles
"Museum of the French Glories".
at the Battle of Kehl
(1733) and the Battle of Philippsburg
(1734), and became a colonel in the War of the Austrian Succession
. During the Seven Years' War
he was taken prisoner and exchanged at the Battle of Rossbach
in 1757, and fought against Prussia
in Corbach and Kassel
.
On September 7, 1759, the Marquis signed a military treaty known later as the "Convention of Brandebourg". This agreement, concluded with the representative of the Prussian armies, General Major Baron Buddenbrock, stipulated that the hospitals, wounded soldiers and lazarets as well as the medical personnel would not be considered as fighting units. A century later Henri Dunant, founder of the Red Cross, described this as the first "Red Cross treaty" when he requested funds from the Emperor Napoleon III
.
The Marquis was struck down in 1761 at the Battle of Villinghausen
, where he was fatally wounded. The Marquess of Granby, in a letter, reported that the Marquis de Rougé was talking with his cousin, the Duc de Croy d’Havrée (of the House Croy), his brother-in-law Lieutenant General the Marquis de Verac, and his cousin Lieutenant General Count de Rougé (the Duke de Croy d'Havré's son-in-law) when a cannon ball struck the group, killing three of them and taking off the leg of the Marquis de Rougé.
His portrait is in the Galerie des Batailles
at Versailles
.
They were adopted, at the death of their parents in 1761, by the Princess Innocente Catherine de Rougé du Plessis-Bellière, princess of Lorraine and Duchess of Elbeuf.
Rougé
Rougé is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.It lies near Rennes.The name "Rougé" comes from the Latin "Rubiacus", means the red place...
and of Jeanne Prézeau de la Guilletière, he held the hereditary titles Marquis de Rougé, Baron de Coetmen, Lord of Le Tremblay and La Belliere. Later in life he became Governor of Givet and Charlemont. He is represented in the Castle of Versailles
Versailles
Versailles , a city renowned for its château, the Palace of Versailles, was the de facto capital of the kingdom of France for over a century, from 1682 to 1789. It is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and remains an important administrative and judicial centre...
"Museum of the French Glories".
Military career
The Marquis fought in the War of the Polish SuccessionWar of the Polish Succession
The War of the Polish Succession was a major European war for princes' possessions sparked by a Polish civil war over the succession to Augustus II, King of Poland that other European powers widened in pursuit of their own national interests...
at the Battle of Kehl
Kehl
Kehl is a town in southwestern Germany in the Ortenaukreis, Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the river Rhine, directly opposite the French city of Strasbourg.-History:...
(1733) and the Battle of Philippsburg
Philippsburg
Philippsburg is a town in Germany, in the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg.-History:Before 1632, Philippsburg was known as "Udenheim".The city was a possession of the Bishop of Speyer from 1371–1718...
(1734), and became a colonel in the War of the Austrian Succession
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession – including King George's War in North America, the Anglo-Spanish War of Jenkins' Ear, and two of the three Silesian wars – involved most of the powers of Europe over the question of Maria Theresa's succession to the realms of the House of Habsburg.The...
. During the Seven Years' War
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War was a global military war between 1756 and 1763, involving most of the great powers of the time and affecting Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines...
he was taken prisoner and exchanged at the Battle of Rossbach
Battle of Rossbach
The Battle of Rossbach took place during the Seven Years' War near the village of Roßbach, in the Electorate of Saxony. Frederick the Great defeated the allied armies of France and the Holy Roman/Austrian Empire...
in 1757, and fought against Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
in Corbach and Kassel
Kassel
Kassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
.
On September 7, 1759, the Marquis signed a military treaty known later as the "Convention of Brandebourg". This agreement, concluded with the representative of the Prussian armies, General Major Baron Buddenbrock, stipulated that the hospitals, wounded soldiers and lazarets as well as the medical personnel would not be considered as fighting units. A century later Henri Dunant, founder of the Red Cross, described this as the first "Red Cross treaty" when he requested funds from the Emperor Napoleon III
Napoleon III of France
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte was the President of the French Second Republic and as Napoleon III, the ruler of the Second French Empire. He was the nephew and heir of Napoleon I, christened as Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte...
.
The Marquis was struck down in 1761 at the Battle of Villinghausen
Battle of Villinghausen
The Battle of Villinghausen was a battle in the Seven Years' War fought on 15 and 16 July 1761 between a large French army and a combined Prussian-Hanoverian-British force led by Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick.-Background:...
, where he was fatally wounded. The Marquess of Granby, in a letter, reported that the Marquis de Rougé was talking with his cousin, the Duc de Croy d’Havrée (of the House Croy), his brother-in-law Lieutenant General the Marquis de Verac, and his cousin Lieutenant General Count de Rougé (the Duke de Croy d'Havré's son-in-law) when a cannon ball struck the group, killing three of them and taking off the leg of the Marquis de Rougé.
His portrait is in the Galerie des Batailles
Galerie des Batailles
The Galerie des Batailles is a 120 metre long and 13 metre wide gallery occupying the first floor of the aile du midi of the Palace of Versailles, joining onto the grand and petit 'appartements de la reine'...
at Versailles
Versailles
Versailles , a city renowned for its château, the Palace of Versailles, was the de facto capital of the kingdom of France for over a century, from 1682 to 1789. It is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and remains an important administrative and judicial centre...
.
Family
On 7 June 1749, he married Jeanne Julie de Coetmen; they had five children:- Catherine de Rougé (1750–1784)
- Bonabes, Marquis de RougéBonabes, Marquis de RougéBonabes Jean Catherine Alexis, Marquis de Rougé was a French colonel, third Marquis de Rougé, died while returning to France from the American War of Independence, on board of the French ship of the line "Le Zele"....
(1751–1783) - Marie de Rougé (1753)
- Olivier de Rougé, Comte de Rougé et du Plessis-Bellière (1756–1816)
- Marie-Avoie de Rougé (1759-1759).
They were adopted, at the death of their parents in 1761, by the Princess Innocente Catherine de Rougé du Plessis-Bellière, princess of Lorraine and Duchess of Elbeuf.
External links
- "Pierre François de Rougé", French Wikipedia