Plötzensee
Encyclopedia
Plötzensee (ˈplœtsənzeː) is a small glacial lake
in Berlin
. It is situated near the Rehberge public park in the former borough
of Wedding
, now a part of Mitte
. The name stems from Plötze, one name for the roach in German
, as the lake formerly teemed with it.
Plötzensee is part of a chain of lakes stretching from the northeast to the Spree
valley, formed in the last ice age
. Until 1443 the nunnery
of St. Mary at Spandau
had the rights to the lake, but these were eventually assumed by the Prussia
n treasury
. In 1817, the city of Berlin bought the lake and leased the rights to the shoreline and fishing.
The first public bath opened about 1850 and over the years, there have been an army sporting ground, a man-made beach (photo), an inn
, and the conversion of the shore into a public park in the 1920s.
The name Plötzensee also refers to Plötzensee Prison
, built nearby in the 19th century, which reached its height of notoriety in the time of Nazi Germany
.
Glacial lake
A glacial lake is a lake with origins in a melted glacier. Near the end of the last glacial period, roughly 10,000 years ago, glaciers began to retreat. A retreating glacier often left behind large deposits of ice in hollows between drumlins or hills. As the ice age ended, these melted to create...
in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. It is situated near the Rehberge public park in the former borough
Borough
A borough is an administrative division in various countries. In principle, the term borough designates a self-governing township although, in practice, official use of the term varies widely....
of Wedding
Wedding (Berlin)
Wedding is a locality in the borough of Mitte, Berlin, Germany and was a separate borough in the north-western inner city until it was fused with Tiergarten and Mitte in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform...
, now a part of Mitte
Mitte
Mitte is the first and most central borough of Berlin. It was created in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by the merger of the former districts of Mitte proper, Tiergarten and Wedding; the resulting borough retained the name Mitte. It is one of the two boroughs which comprises former West and...
. The name stems from Plötze, one name for the roach in German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, as the lake formerly teemed with it.
Plötzensee is part of a chain of lakes stretching from the northeast to the Spree
Spree
The Spree is a river that flows through the Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin states of Germany, and in the Ústí nad Labem region of the Czech Republic...
valley, formed in the last ice age
Ice age
An ice age or, more precisely, glacial age, is a generic geological period of long-term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers...
. Until 1443 the nunnery
Convent
A convent is either a community of priests, religious brothers, religious sisters, or nuns, or the building used by the community, particularly in the Roman Catholic Church and in the Anglican Communion...
of St. Mary at Spandau
Spandau (locality)
Spandau is a locality of Berlin in the homonymous borough of Spandau. The historic city is situated, for the most part, on the western banks of the Havel river. As of 2008 the estimated population of Spandau was 33,433.-Position:...
had the rights to the lake, but these were eventually assumed by the Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
n treasury
Treasury
A treasury is either*A government department related to finance and taxation.*A place where currency or precious items is/are kept....
. In 1817, the city of Berlin bought the lake and leased the rights to the shoreline and fishing.
The first public bath opened about 1850 and over the years, there have been an army sporting ground, a man-made beach (photo), an inn
INN
InterNetNews is a Usenet news server package, originally released by Rich Salz in 1991, and presented at the Summer 1992 USENIX conference in San Antonio, Texas...
, and the conversion of the shore into a public park in the 1920s.
The name Plötzensee also refers to Plötzensee Prison
Plötzensee Prison
Plötzensee Prison was a Prussian institution built in Berlin between 1869 and 1879 near the lake Plötzensee, but in the neighbouring borough of Charlottenburg, on Hüttigpfad off Saatwinkler Damm. During Adolf Hitler's time in power from 1933 to 1945, more than 2,500 people were executed at...
, built nearby in the 19th century, which reached its height of notoriety in the time of Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
.