Politics and government of Nuevo León
Encyclopedia
| Title | Positions | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Governor | 1 | 6 years |
| Mayors | 51 | 3 years |
| State deputies | 26 | 3 years |
| Federal deputies | 12 | 3 years |
| Senators (federal) | 2 | 6 years |
| Next state election | July 2015 | |
The governmental structures of Nuevo León
Nuevo León
Nuevo León It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León has a 15 kilometer stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S...
, a Mexican
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
state
States of Mexico
The United Mexican States is a federal republic formed by 32 federal entities .According to the Constitution of 1917, the states of the federation are free and sovereign. Each state has their own congress and constitution, while the Federal District has only limited autonomy with a local Congress...
, are organized according to article 30 of the state constitution, which provides for a republic
Republic
A republic is a form of government in which the people, or some significant portion of them, have supreme control over the government and where offices of state are elected or chosen by elected people. In modern times, a common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of...
an, representative and popular
Popular sovereignty
Popular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the people is the political principle that the legitimacy of the state is created and sustained by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power. It is closely associated with Republicanism and the social contract...
government, divided into three independent branches (executive, legislative
Legislature
A legislature is a kind of deliberative assembly with the power to pass, amend, and repeal laws. The law created by a legislature is called legislation or statutory law. In addition to enacting laws, legislatures usually have exclusive authority to raise or lower taxes and adopt the budget and...
and judicial
Judiciary
The judiciary is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of the state. The judiciary also provides a mechanism for the resolution of disputes...
) that cannot be joined together in a single person or institution. Nuevo León's relation with the federal
Federation
A federation , also known as a federal state, is a type of sovereign state characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central government...
government of Mexico places it in a similar relation to that federal government as any other Mexican state, but it retains certain aspects of sovereignty
Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory. It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests on a political fact for which no purely legal explanation can be provided...
with respect to other Mexican states and even toward foreign countries, especially with reference to its own internal affairs.
Executive power
| Party | Percentage | Votes |
|---|---|---|
| PAN National Action Party (Mexico) The National Action Party , is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. The party's political platform is generally considered Centre-Right in the Mexican political spectrum. Since 2000, the President of Mexico has been a member of this party; both houses have PAN pluralities, but the... |
33.80 | 491,973 |
| PRI/PVEM/FC | 56.66 | 824,567 |
| PRD | 1.03 | 14,934 |
| PT | 4.99 | 72,620 |
| PSN | 0.18 | 2,592 |
| PAS | 0.13 | 1,959 |
| MU | 0.25 | 3,710 |
| Null ballots | 2.95 | 42,989 |
| Total | 100 | 1,455,344 |
Executive power rests in a governor, who is directly elected by the citizens, using a secret ballot
Secret ballot
The secret ballot is a voting method in which a voter's choices in an election or a referendum are anonymous. The key aim is to ensure the voter records a sincere choice by forestalling attempts to influence the voter by intimidation or bribery. The system is one means of achieving the goal of...
, to a 6-year term with no possibility of reelection. The position is open only to a Mexican citizen by birth, at least 30 years old with at least 5 years residency in Nuevo León. , the office is held by Rodrigo Medina
Rodrigo Medina
Rodrigo Medina de la Cruz is a Mexican politician affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary Party . He is the current Governor of Nuevo León.-Political career:...
(PRI/PVEM), who took office on late 2009 for a term that will end on late 2015.
The executive branch includes various institutions, which can be divided into two basic types:
centralized public administration and parastatal public administration. Centralized public administration consists of the state-level secretaries of departments, statewide procurement, and their subordinates. Parastatal public administration consists of decentralized public entities, such as enterprises in which the state government has majority control and public trusteeships.
Nuevo León has not always had a democratically elected governor; see Governors of Nuevo León.
Legislative power
| Party | Directly elected | Plurinominal | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRI | . | . | 15 |
| PAN | . | . | 22 |
| PT | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| PANAL | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| PRD | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 26 | 16 | 42 |
Legislative power rests in a unicameral legislature composed of 42 deputies, also elected via secret ballot by the citizenry, 26 of whom are directly elected and 16 chosen according to a plurinominal system involving proportional representation
Proportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
. the LXXI Legislature of Nuevo León consists of 15 PRI deputies, 22 PAN deputies, 2 from PT, 2 from PANAL and 1 from PRD. To become a deputy, one must be a Mexican citizen by birth, at least 21 years old with at least 5 years residency in Nuevo León.
Judicial power
Judicial power is invested in the Superior Court of Justice of Nuevo LeónSuperior Court of Justice of Nuevo León
The Superior Court of Justice of Nuevo León is the judicial branch of government of Nuevo Leon.Ministers of the Court are elected by the state congress from a list presented by the governor....
, along with 7 ministers elected to a Consejo de la Judicatura for a term of 10 years, with the possibility of succeeding themselves once. These are elected by the state congress from a list presented by the governor. The Tribunal and the Council supervise 12 judicial districts. Membership of the Tribunal is limited to Mexican citizens by birth, at least 35 years old, with at least ten years practicing law with the title of Licenciado en Derecho, and at least 5 years residency in Nuevo León.
The Presiding Minister Gustavo Adolfo Guerrero Gutiérrez was elected on August 1, 2007.
Political parties
In accord with article 40 of the State Electoral Law, official recognition of a political party is determined by the State Electoral Commission only after verifying that the party has received 1.5% or more of the votes in a local election. , the recognized parties are PRI, PANNational Action Party (Mexico)
The National Action Party , is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. The party's political platform is generally considered Centre-Right in the Mexican political spectrum. Since 2000, the President of Mexico has been a member of this party; both houses have PAN pluralities, but the...
, PRD, PVEM, PT and CD.
Municipalities
Nuevo León consists of 51 autonomous municipalities, each headed by a mayor (presidente municipal / alcalde) with a 3-year term; mayors can serve no more than two consecutive terms. Mayors must be Mexican citizens by birth, at least 21 years old with at least one year residency in the municipality. , the municipalities are:- AbasoloAbasolo, Nuevo LeónAbasolo is both a municipality and a town in the Mexican state of Nuevo Leon.-Location:The municipality of Abasolo is located in the central western region of the state, in the Salinas Valley. Its coordinates are 29º98’ N and 100º23’ W...
- AgualeguasAgualeguasAgualeguas is both a city and a municipality located in the northeastern part of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico, . The name "Agualeguas" honors the first inhabitants of the region, the Gualegua tribe. It was erected as a village on January 7, 1821 by Bro. Diego Velázquez.The municipality has an...
- Los AldamasLos AldamasLos Aldamas is a municipality located in the northeast part of the Mexican state of Nuevo Leon. Its geographic coordinates are . It is bordered to the north by the state of Tamaulipas, to the south with the municipalities of Doctor Coss and China, Nuevo Leon, to the east with the municipality of Dr...
- Allende
- AnáhuacAnáhuac, Nuevo LeónAnáhuac is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. The city of Anáhuac was founded on May 5, 1933, inside the municipal jurisdiction of Lampazos de Naranjo, Nuevo León, as the political head of the National System of Irrigation No.04 . On May 29, 1935, this city was declared a...
- Apodaca
- Aramberri
- Bustamante
- Cadereyta JiménezCadereyta JiménezCadereyta Jiménez is both the name of a city as well as of a municipality in the Mexican state of Nuevo León.The municipality of Cadereyta Jiménez is located in the central part of the state, 360 meters above sea level, at 25' 36" N latitude and 100' 00" W longitude. The municipality has a...
- El CarmenEl Carmen-Colombia:*El Carmen, Santander a municipality in the Santander Department*El Carmen de Atrato, a municipality in the Chocó Department*El Carmen, Norte de Santander, a municipality in the Norte de Santander Department...
- CerralvoCerralvoCerralvo is a municipality situated in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. Cerralvo is located in the northeastern region of Nuevo León, in the Gulf Coastal Plain and in the northeastern agricultural and ranching economic zone that also includes the municipalities of Agualeguas, General Treviño,...
- China
- Ciénega de FloresCiénega de FloresCiénega de Flores is a city and surrounding municipality located in Nuevo Leon, Mexico near Monterrey.-Tradition:Ciénega de Flores is recognized by its famous machacado food, which is one of the traditional foods in Nuevo Leon.-Demographics:...
- Doctor Arroyo
- Doctor Coss
- Doctor González
- Escobedo
- GaleanaGaleana, Nuevo LeónGaleana is both a municipality and a city in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. It is named after Hermenegildo Galeana, a lieutenant involved in the country's movement towards independence...
- GarcíaGarcía, Nuevo LeónGarcía is a municipality located to the northwest of the Monterrey metropolitan area in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. García had, according to the 2005 census, a population of 51,658 persons...
- General Bravo
- General TeránGeneral TeránGeneral Terán is a Mexico municipality located in Nuevo León. It was given its name in honour of General Manuel Mier y Terán.It has a 2,465 km² territorial extension...
- General TreviñoGeneral TreviñoThe municipality of General Treviño originated from a ranch named “El Puntiagudo” that was given to Don Juan Baptista Chapa, 14 January 1688. Don Francisco Chapa made the foundation in 1705. Its erection in the villa was verified the 9th of December 1868, being Governor of the State again Leon,...
- GuadalupeGuadalupe, Nuevo LeónGuadalupe is a city and surrounding municipality located in the state of Nuevo León, in northern Mexico. It is part of the Greater Monterrey Metropolitan area....
- Los HerrerasLos HerrerasLos Herrera is a municipality in the Mexican State of Nuevo León and also the name of its seat of government and main population center. Los Herreras is at 281 meters above sea level and is located in the east-central part of the state...
- HidalgoHidalgo, Nuevo LeónHidalgo is a town of approximately 20,000 people, in the Mexican state of Nuevo León.The major cement company Cemex began operations here, and still has an operating factory. Increasingly, the neighbouring El Potrero Chico climbing area draws rock-climbers from around the world....
- HiguerasHiguerasHigueras is a municipality in the comarca of Alto Palancia, Castellón, Valencia, Spain....
- HualahuisesHualahuisesHualahuises is a small town in the state of Nuevo León, in northern Mexico. It serves as the administrative seat for the surrounding municipality, with which it shares a name....
- Iturbide
- JuárezJuárez, Nuevo LeónCiudad Benito Juárez, or simply Juárez, is the name of a city located in the eastern part of the Monterrey metropolitan area in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. It is the seat of the municipality of the same name. Ciudad Benito Juárez had a 2005 census population of 78,644 persons and is the...
- Lampazos de Naranjo
- LinaresLinares, Nuevo LeónLinares is a small city in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. The city serves as the administrative centre for the surrounding municipality of the same name and it is the largest urban centre of the so called "orange belt" region. The city had a 2005 census population of 56,065, while the...
- MarínMarín, Nuevo LeónMarín is a town and municipality located in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. the municipality was named in honor of Dr. Primo Feliciano Marin de Porras, Bishop of Linares. It has an area of 129 square kilometres territorial.-Geography:...
- Melchor OcampoMelchor OcampoMelchor Ocampo was a Mexican lawyer, scientist, and liberal politician.His home state was renamed Michoacán de Ocampo in his honour.-Studies:...
- Mier y Noriega
- MinaMina, Nuevo LeónMina is town and municipality located at northwestern part of the northeastern Mexican state of Nuevo León. The population was 4,309 at the 2005 census. The municipality is part of a historical region called Valle de Salinas which was an administrative area of the New Kingdom of León during the...
- MontemorelosMontemorelosMontemorelos is a city and surrounding municipality of 53,854 inhabitants located in the Northern Mexican state of Nuevo León, in the valley of the Pilon River...
- MonterreyMonterreyMonterrey , is the capital city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico. The city is anchor to the third-largest metropolitan area in Mexico and is ranked as the ninth-largest city in the nation. Monterrey serves as a commercial center in the north of the country and is the...
(capital) - ParásParasParas is a 1971 Hindi film starring: Sanjeev Kumar, Rakee, Mehmood, Farida Jalal, Shatrughan Sinha, Madan Puri....
- Pesquería
- Los RamonesLos RamonesLos Ramones is the name of a municipality and its corresponding seat of government and main population center in Mexican state of Nuevo Leon.-Location:...
- RayonesRayonesRayones is a municipality in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. It is named after the Rayón brothers, who were insurgent heroes of the country's independence achieved in 1821. The town was founded in 1852....
- Sabinas Hidalgo
- Salinas VictoriaSalinas VictoriaSalinas Victoria, is a municipality located to in the center of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. It shares borders with 11 municipalities including, to the north Villaldama and Sabinas Hidalgo; to the south Escobedo and Apodaca; to the east Higueras, Ciénega de Flores and General Zuazua; and...
- San Nicolás de los GarzaSan Nicolás de los GarzaSan Nicolás de los Garza, sometimes known only as San Nicolás, is a city and coextensive municipality in the Mexican state of Nuevo León that is part of the Monterrey Metropolitan area. It has become primarily a city for residencies and family houses, although it still has several factories that...
- San Pedro Garza GarcíaSan Pedro Garza GarcíaSan Pedro Garza García is a city-municipality of the Mexican state of Nuevo León and is part of Monterrey's Metropolitan Area, based on the suburban North American model...
- Santa CatarinaSanta Catarina, Nuevo LeónSanta Catarina is a city and municipality in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico that is part of the Monterrey Metropolitan area.-History:The name of this city comes from the Catholic Saint Catherine of Alexandria....
- SantiagoSantiago, Nuevo LeónSantiago is a municipality located in the center of the Mexican state of Nuevo León. It is part of the Monterrey metropolitan area and its area comprises around 763.8 km² . According to the 2005 census, its population is 37,886 inhabitants ....
- VallecilloVallecilloVallecillo is a municipality in the Honduran department of Francisco Morazán....
- Villaldama
- Zaragoza
- General Zuazua.
Citizenship
According to the state constitution, a Nuevoleonese citizen is a person who was either born in Nuevo León or a Mexican citizen who has maintained residency in the state for more than two years and has not indicated to the municipal authorities a desire to preserve his/her previous citizenship. Citizenship can be lost or suspended, among other reasons, for being or becoming a Mexican army officer in charge of federal troops entering or stationed inside the state borders or for committing certain crimes. NobleNobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
titles are not recognized and individual rights and freedoms are protected by the Title I of the state constitution.