Republican Party of São Paulo
Encyclopedia
The Republican Party of São Paulo a.k.a Partido Republicano Paulista or PRP was a Brazil
ian political party
founded on April 18, 1873 during the Itu Convention and sparked the first modern republican
movement in Brazil.
Initially a band of revolutionaries supported by a local newspaper, the PRP was created by liberal professionals, (lawyer
s, doctor
s, engineer
s etc.) and, more importantly by important rural landowners from São Paulo
. The primary objective of the party was to implement a republican federation in Brazil, with a weak central government, giving a degree of autonomy to the states, which did not exist during the Imperial era.
The proclamation of the Brazilian Republic on November 15, 1889, initiated a new order of political power in Brazil, which was to be called República Velha, and the country was to be governed by presidents strongly influenced by powerful landowners. The presidents were always candidates of the PRP or of the PRM (Partido Republicano Mineiro
from the state of Minas Gerais). Both these parties being supported by powerful landowners.
This policy was to be nicknamed "política do café com leite
" ("coffee with milk" policy) alluding to the fact that São Paulo state made its wealth on the exportation of coffee, and Minas Gerais was famous for producing milk.
With the new republican regime, the PRP is no longer a band of revolutionaries, as it was during the Empire, but an institution dedicated to a form of bureaucracy that would dictate government policy until 1930, when Getúlio Vargas assumed control and abolished the PRP and the PRM.
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian political party
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...
founded on April 18, 1873 during the Itu Convention and sparked the first modern republican
Republicanism
Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, where the head of state is appointed by means other than heredity, often elections. The exact meaning of republicanism varies depending on the cultural and historical context...
movement in Brazil.
Initially a band of revolutionaries supported by a local newspaper, the PRP was created by liberal professionals, (lawyer
Lawyer
A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
s, doctor
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
s, engineer
Engineer
An engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering, concerned with applying scientific knowledge, mathematics and ingenuity to develop solutions for technical problems. Engineers design materials, structures, machines and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality,...
s etc.) and, more importantly by important rural landowners from São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
. The primary objective of the party was to implement a republican federation in Brazil, with a weak central government, giving a degree of autonomy to the states, which did not exist during the Imperial era.
The proclamation of the Brazilian Republic on November 15, 1889, initiated a new order of political power in Brazil, which was to be called República Velha, and the country was to be governed by presidents strongly influenced by powerful landowners. The presidents were always candidates of the PRP or of the PRM (Partido Republicano Mineiro
Minas Gerais
Minas Gerais is one of the 26 states of Brazil, of which it is the second most populous, the third richest, and the fourth largest in area. Minas Gerais is the Brazilian state with the largest number of Presidents of Brazil, the current one, Dilma Rousseff, being one of them. The capital is the...
from the state of Minas Gerais). Both these parties being supported by powerful landowners.
This policy was to be nicknamed "política do café com leite
Café com leite
Café com leite was a term that referred to the domination of Brazilian politics under the Old Republic by the landed gentries of São Paulo and Minas Gerais...
" ("coffee with milk" policy) alluding to the fact that São Paulo state made its wealth on the exportation of coffee, and Minas Gerais was famous for producing milk.
With the new republican regime, the PRP is no longer a band of revolutionaries, as it was during the Empire, but an institution dedicated to a form of bureaucracy that would dictate government policy until 1930, when Getúlio Vargas assumed control and abolished the PRP and the PRM.
Main representatives
- Prudente de MoraisPrudente de MoraisPrudente José de Morais Barros was the third president of Brazil . His presidency lasted from November 15, 1894 until November 15, 1898...
- President of the Brazilian Republic (1894–1898) - Campos Sales - President of the Brazilian Republic (1898–1902)
- Rodrigues Alves - President of the Brazilian Republic (1902–1906)
- Washington Luís - President of the Brazilian Republic (1926–1930)
- Júlio PrestesJúlio PrestesJúlio Prestes de Albuquerque was a Brazilian politician. Governor of São Paulo state in 1926, he was elected president of Brazil on March 1, 1930, but never took office because the government was overthrown in the Revolution of 1930 that brought Getulio Vargas to power, three weeks before Prestes'...
- President of the Brazilian Republic (1930–1934), President of São Paulo (1927–1930) - Bernardino de CamposBernardino José de Campos JúniorBernardino José de Campos Júnior was a Brazilian politician, second and sixth governor of the State of São Paulo Bernardino José de Campos Júnior (Pouso Alegre, September 6, 1841 — January 18, 1915) was a Brazilian politician, second and sixth governor of the State of São Paulo Bernardino José de...
- President of São Paulo (1892–1896) - João Tibiriçá Piratininga
- Jorge Tibiriçá PiratiningaJorge Tibiriçá PiratiningaJorge Tibiriçá Piratininga was a freemason, and the seventh "president" of the State of São Paulo and its second governor ....
- President and Governor of São Paulo (1904–1908) - Albuquerque Lins - President of São Paulo (1908–1912)
- Altino Arantes - President of São Paulo (1916–1920)
- Carlos de CamposCarlos de CamposCarlos de Campos was a Brazilian politician, and president of the state of São Paulo for several months in 1924.He was a native of Campinas, São Paulo state, son of Bernardino De Campos . He graduated with a law degree from the College of the Plaza of Saint Francis in 1887...
- President of São Paulo (1924–1927)