Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Veszprém
Encyclopedia
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Veszprém is an Archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church
in Hungary
. Believed to have been established in 1009 AD by King Stephen I of Hungary, as the Diocese of Veszprém, the diocese was originally a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Esztergom. In 1992, the Diocese was elevated to an Archdiocese. The Archdiocese is the Metropolitan of the Diocese of Kaposvár
and the Diocese of Szombathely
.
The Cathedral
of Veszprém is dedicated to Saint Michael
. The current archbishop is Gyula Márfi who was appointed in 1997.
in Veszprém
are still under debate. It is probable that Veszprém
was the habitual residence of Bishop Bruno, who had been sent to evangelise the Magyars in 972; but it was probably only in 1009 when King Stephen I of Hungary issued the Deed of Foundation of the Diocese of Veszprém. Based on the Deed of Foundation, the territory of the Diocese of Veszprém extended over the territories of the Counties of Veszprém
, Fejér
, Visegrád and Kolon. The Diocese of Veszprém was suffragan to the Archdiocese of Esztergom.
When the Abbey of Pannonhalma
was established in 1001, King Stephen I granted the tithe
s of the County of Somogy
to the Abbey, but the county itself still belonged to the Diocese of Veszprém.
The diocese was linked traditionally to the Queen Consort of Hungary. Thus, the ius patronatus
of the Cathedral in Veszprém was due to not only the King of Hungary
but also his Queen.
, and this tradition was confirmed by an agreement between Bishop Robert of Veszprém and Archbishop János of Esztergom in April 1216.
The Bishops of Veszprém became also the Chancellor
s of the Queens Consort. The first Bishop of Veszprém, who used the title was Bertalan, Bishop of Veszprém, and in 1269 King Béla IV of Hungary
confirmed that the title was connected to the Bishopric.
In the year 1294 Queen Fenenna
confirmed that, at that time, the former(!) Queen Elizabeth had the privilege to collect the donations of the church in the Veszprém County
.
On 26 October 1313, King Charles I of Hungary
and Bishop Stephen Kéki concluded an agreement under which the Bishop ceded the tithe
of Csepel Island
to the King in exchange for the County of Veszprém
. The agreement was confirmed, in 1392, by King Sigismund I
; therefore the Bishops of Veszprém became also the Perpetual Counts of Veszprém
.
s of the Queens Consort (Hungarian
: a királyné kancellárja, Latin
: cancellarius reginalis), and they were
Perpetual Counts of Veszprém
(Hungarian
: Veszprém vármegye örökös főispánja, Latin
: Vesprimiensis perpetuus supremus comes) from the 14th century till 1773.
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
in Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
. Believed to have been established in 1009 AD by King Stephen I of Hungary, as the Diocese of Veszprém, the diocese was originally a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Esztergom. In 1992, the Diocese was elevated to an Archdiocese. The Archdiocese is the Metropolitan of the Diocese of Kaposvár
Roman Catholic Diocese of Kaposvár
The Diocese of Kaposvár is a diocese located in the city of Kaposvár in the Ecclesiastical province of Veszprém in Hungary.-Sources:* * *...
and the Diocese of Szombathely
Roman Catholic Diocese of Szombathely
The Diocese of Szombathely is a diocese located in the city of Szombathely in the Ecclesiastical province of Veszprém in Hungary.-History:* June 17, 1777: Established as Diocese of Szombathely from the Diocese of Veszprém and Diocese of Zagreb, Croatia. Its first bishop was John Szily , who built...
.
The Cathedral
Cathedral
A cathedral is a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop...
of Veszprém is dedicated to Saint Michael
Michael (archangel)
Michael , Micha'el or Mîkhā'ēl; , Mikhaḗl; or Míchaël; , Mīkhā'īl) is an archangel in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic teachings. Roman Catholics, Anglicans, and Lutherans refer to him as Saint Michael the Archangel and also simply as Saint Michael...
. The current archbishop is Gyula Márfi who was appointed in 1997.
Establishment of the Diocese
The circumstances of the establishment of the episcopal seeEpiscopal See
An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to as the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral...
in Veszprém
Veszprém
Veszprém is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county of the same name.-Location:...
are still under debate. It is probable that Veszprém
Veszprém
Veszprém is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county of the same name.-Location:...
was the habitual residence of Bishop Bruno, who had been sent to evangelise the Magyars in 972; but it was probably only in 1009 when King Stephen I of Hungary issued the Deed of Foundation of the Diocese of Veszprém. Based on the Deed of Foundation, the territory of the Diocese of Veszprém extended over the territories of the Counties of Veszprém
Veszprém (former county)
Veszprém was the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present Veszprém county, in western Hungary. The capital of the county was Veszprém.-Geography:...
, Fejér
Fejér (former county)
Fejér is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was slightly smaller than that of present Fejér county, is presently in central Hungary...
, Visegrád and Kolon. The Diocese of Veszprém was suffragan to the Archdiocese of Esztergom.
When the Abbey of Pannonhalma
Pannonhalma Archabbey
The Benedictine Pannonhalma Archabbey is the most notable landmark in Pannonhalma and one of the oldest historical monuments in Hungary, founded in the year 996. It is located near the town, on top of a hill...
was established in 1001, King Stephen I granted the tithe
Tithe
A tithe is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash, cheques, or stocks, whereas historically tithes were required and paid in kind, such as agricultural products...
s of the County of Somogy
Somogy (former county)
Somogy was the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was slightly larger than that of present Somogy county, is presently in south-western Hungary...
to the Abbey, but the county itself still belonged to the Diocese of Veszprém.
The diocese was linked traditionally to the Queen Consort of Hungary. Thus, the ius patronatus
Ius patronatus
Jus patronatus, also spelt ius patronatus, imitating classical Latin orthography, is the term in Roman Catholic canon law for the "right of patronage"....
of the Cathedral in Veszprém was due to not only the King of Hungary
King of Hungary
The King of Hungary was the head of state of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 1918.The style of title "Apostolic King" was confirmed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 and used afterwards by all the Kings of Hungary, so after this date the kings are referred to as "Apostolic King of...
but also his Queen.
11th-14th centuries
Based on the tradition, the Bishop of Veszprém was entitled to crown Queens Consort in HungaryHungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, and this tradition was confirmed by an agreement between Bishop Robert of Veszprém and Archbishop János of Esztergom in April 1216.
The Bishops of Veszprém became also the Chancellor
Chancellor
Chancellor is the title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the Cancellarii of Roman courts of justice—ushers who sat at the cancelli or lattice work screens of a basilica or law court, which separated the judge and counsel from the...
s of the Queens Consort. The first Bishop of Veszprém, who used the title was Bertalan, Bishop of Veszprém, and in 1269 King Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV , King of Hungary and of Croatia , duke of Styria 1254–58. One of the most famous kings of Hungary, he distinguished himself through his policy of strengthening of the royal power following the example of his grandfather Bela III, and by the rebuilding Hungary after the catastrophe of the...
confirmed that the title was connected to the Bishopric.
In the year 1294 Queen Fenenna
Fenenna of Kuyavia
Fenenna of Kuyavia was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Mazovia branch and by marriage Queen of Hungary....
confirmed that, at that time, the former(!) Queen Elizabeth had the privilege to collect the donations of the church in the Veszprém County
Veszprém (former county)
Veszprém was the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present Veszprém county, in western Hungary. The capital of the county was Veszprém.-Geography:...
.
On 26 October 1313, King Charles I of Hungary
Charles I of Hungary
Charles I , also known as Charles Robert , was the first King of Hungary and Croatia of the House of Anjou. He was also descended from the old Hungarian Árpád dynasty. His claim to the throne of Hungary was contested by several pretenders...
and Bishop Stephen Kéki concluded an agreement under which the Bishop ceded the tithe
Tithe
A tithe is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash, cheques, or stocks, whereas historically tithes were required and paid in kind, such as agricultural products...
of Csepel Island
Csepel Island
Csepel Island is the largest island of the River Danube in Hungary. It is 48 km long; its width is 6–8 km. Its area comprises 257 km². The word Csepel is pronounced CHE-pel....
to the King in exchange for the County of Veszprém
Veszprém (former county)
Veszprém was the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present Veszprém county, in western Hungary. The capital of the county was Veszprém.-Geography:...
. The agreement was confirmed, in 1392, by King Sigismund I
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Sigismund of Luxemburg KG was King of Hungary, of Croatia from 1387 to 1437, of Bohemia from 1419, and Holy Roman Emperor for four years from 1433 until 1437, the last Emperor of the House of Luxemburg. He was also King of Italy from 1431, and of Germany from 1411...
; therefore the Bishops of Veszprém became also the Perpetual Counts of Veszprém
Veszprém (former county)
Veszprém was the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present Veszprém county, in western Hungary. The capital of the county was Veszprém.-Geography:...
.
Secular offices connected to the bishopric
The Bishops of Veszprém were, from the 13th century, the ChancellorChancellor
Chancellor is the title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the Cancellarii of Roman courts of justice—ushers who sat at the cancelli or lattice work screens of a basilica or law court, which separated the judge and counsel from the...
s of the Queens Consort (Hungarian
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....
: a királyné kancellárja, Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
: cancellarius reginalis), and they were
Perpetual Counts of Veszprém
Veszprém (former county)
Veszprém was the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present Veszprém county, in western Hungary. The capital of the county was Veszprém.-Geography:...
(Hungarian
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....
: Veszprém vármegye örökös főispánja, Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
: Vesprimiensis perpetuus supremus comes) from the 14th century till 1773.
List of the Bishops and Archbishops of Veszprém
- Stephen (c. 1009)
- Franco (c. 1071–c. 1081)
- John I (c. 1082)
- Cosma (1087–1090)
- Almarus (c. 1091)
- Matthew (1111–1117)
- Nana (1121–1131)
- Martirius (before 1135)
- Peter I (1135–1138)
- Paul (c. 1142)
- Peta (c. 1156)
- Benedict II (c. 1171)
- John II (1181–1193)
- Calanda (1199–1209)
- Robert (1209–1225)
- Bartholomew (1226–1243)
- Zlaudus (1245–1262)
- Paul II (1263–1274)
- Peter II Kőszegi (1275–1288)
- Benedict II (1290–1309)
- Stephen II Kéki (1310–1322)
- Henry (1323–1333)
- Duke Mieszko Piast (1335–1343)
- Stephen III Büki (1344–1345)
- John III Garai (1347–1357)
- Ladislaus I Zsámboki (1358–1371)
- Ladislaus II Deméndi (1373–1377)
- Peter III Siklósi (1378)
- Benedict III Himházi (1379–1387)
- Demetrius I Vajdai (1387–1392)
- Pietro Isvales (1503–1511)
- Petar BerislavićPetar BerislavicPetar Berislavić , a member of the noble family of Berislavić, was the ban of Croatia from 1513 to 1520 and also bishop of Veszprém....
/Péter Beriszló (1512-1520) - Pavol Várdai (1521–1523)
- Thomas Szalaházy (1524–1526)
- Martin I Kecseti (1528–1548)
- Paul III Bornemissza (1549–1553)
- Andrew I Köves (1553–1568)
- Stephen IV Fejérkövy (1573–1587)
- Francis I Forgách (1587–1596)
- Andrew II Monoszloy (1596–1601)
- Louis Újlaky (1603–1605)
- Demetrius II Napragy (1605–1606)
- Valentin Lépes (1608)
- Peter IV Radovith (1608)
- Francis II Erghely (1608–1628)
- Stephen V Kissennyei-Sennyey (1628–1630)
- Stephen VI Csíkmádéfalvi-Szentandrásy (1630)
- Paul IV David (1630–1633)
- George I Lippay (1633–1637)
- George II Orlovai-Jakusyth (1637–1642)
- Stephen VII Magyarbéli-Bosnyák (1642–1644)
- George III Szelepcsény (1644–1648)
- George IV Széchényi (1648–1658)
- Paul V Hoffmann (1658–1659)
- Stephen VII Kissennyei-Sennyey (1659–1683)
- Paul VI Széchényi (1687–1710)
- Otto Jochannes Volkra von Heidenreichstein (1710–1720)
- Count Emeric Esterházy (1723–1725)
- Adam Acsády (1725–1744)
- Martin II Padányi-Bíró (1745–1762)
- Ignatius Nagymányai-Koller (1762–1773)
- John IV Bajzáth (1777–1802)
- Paul VI Rosos (1808–1809)
- George V Kurbély (1809–1821)
- Anton Makay (1823–1825)
- John V Kopácsy (1825–1847)
- Count Dominic Zichy (1847–1849)
- John VI Ranolder (1849–1875)
- Sigismund Kovács (1877–1887)
- Baron Charles Hornig (1888–1917)
- Nándor Rott (1917–1939)
- Tihamér Tóth (1939)
- Gyula Czapik (1939–1943)
- John VII Mindszenty (1943–1945)
- Ladislaus Bánáss (1946–1949)
- Bartholomew Alexander Badalik (1949–1965)
- Ladislaus Kádár (1975–1978)
- Ladislaus Paskai (1979–1982)
- John Szendi (1983–1997)
- Gyula Márfi (1997-)
Sources
- Balogh, Margit - Gergely, Jenő: Egyházak az újkori Magyarországon (1790-1992) - Adattár (MTA Történettudományi Intézete, Budapest, 1996)
- Korai Magyar Történeti Lexikon (9-14. század), főszerkesztő: Kristó, Gyula, szerkesztők: Engel, Pál és Makk, Ferenc (Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1994)
- Fallenbüchl, Zoltán: Magyarország főispánjai 1526-1848 (Argumentum, Budapest, 1994)
- Magyarország Történeti Kronológiája I-III. – A kezdetektől 1526-ig; 1526-1848, 1848-1944, főszerkesztő: Benda, Kálmán (Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1981, 1982, 1993)
- Magyar Történelmi Fogalomtár I-II. – A-K; L-ZS, főszerkesztő: Bán, Péter (Gondolat, Budapest, 1989)
- Fallenbüchl, Zoltán: Magyarország főméltóságai (Maecenas, 1988)
- Karácsonyi, János: Magyarország egyháztörténete főbb vonásaiban 970-től 1900-ig (Könyvértékesítő Vállalat, Budapest, 1985)