St. Mary's Church, Attenborough
Encyclopedia
St. Mary's Church, Attenborough is a parish church
in the Church of England
in the village of Attenborough, Nottinghamshire
.
The church is Grade I listed by the Department for Culture, Media & Sport as a building of outstanding architectural or historic interest.
A chapel is said to have existed on the banks of the River Trent at Attenburgh in 964 AD and was overbuilt with the stone chancel of the present day church. The chancel was thought to exist as early as 1042 and is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 where it is referred to as being shared by Chilwell and Toton. These two communities had formed at a distance on higher ground, probably as a result of the church being built on a gravel ridge adjacent to the river where there was little room for community expansion around it without the risk of frequent flooding of the homes. The boundary division of these two civil parishes divided the churchyard for many years.
Until the 20th century, Attenborough was the ecclesiastical parish responsible for the souls of the Chilwell and Toton communities. Bramcote was also adjoined with Attenborough, the parish being known as Attenborough cum Bramcote. In 1903 a separate mission church, Christ Church, had been built at Chilwell, and in 1923, a daughter church, St Peter's, was built at Toton.
In 1957, a further mission church was built at the extremity of the rapidly developing area of Chilwell and was known as St Barnabas at Inham Nook. Eventually, in 1967 Bramcote became a separate parish and Rev James Hamilton-Brown became its first vicar. Then in 1975 Chilwell was recognised as a parish in its own right and became Chilwell with Inham Nook. The first vicar of this newly formed parish was the Rev John Williams. At the same time in 1975 Attenborough became Attenborough with Toton and merited its own vicar; the first vicar being Rev Frank Beech who was previously the curate at Attenborough. A small amount of the old parish, which was situated South of the River Trent, was at this time transferred to Clifton. This arrangement continued until once more, due to population growth, it was necessary to divide Attenborough and Toton to form separate parishes. This division took effect from 1 May 2001 and Rev Peter Gibbs was to be re-licensed as vicar of Toton.
This development time-line is necessary to understand the complexities of the historical ecclesiastical parish of Attenborough, once known as the 'ABC Empire', otherwise, Attenborough, Bramcote and Chilwell with St Barnabas', Inham Nook, and St Peter's, Toton plus the Chilwell Garrison church on MOD land.
The church is a medieval building. The spire was rebuilt in 1848 and reaches a height of 130 feet (39.6 m). The main body of the church was heavily restored
in 1869 by Richard Charles Sutton
.
Henry Ireton
, the son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell
, was baptised here in 1611.
Later centuries are well represented by various arms and plaques. The most colourful of these is a carved wooden memorial bearing the arms of the Powtrell family, dated 1623 and depicted in red, white and gold on black. It is located on the east wall of the chancel. Also on the east wall is the alabaster memorial plaque to John Mather, Vicar of Attenborough, 1586-1625. Also mentioned are his two wives, Elizabeth and Joane. Arms of the Powtrell family
The north wall of the chancel holds a brass plaque commemorating the Foljambe family who were for three centuries connected with the church. Also on this wall is a memorial to Francis Jaques, alias Gambard, of Toton and his wife and children. Francis died 27 August 1606. The inscription tells us, that the memorial was erected by George, the oldest son. Memorial to Francis Jaques, alias Gambard
High on the wall of the north aisle are the Warren arms, a hatchment measuring 5'x 5'. This is associated with Admiral Sir John Borlace Warren, grandson of Arthur Warren and the heiress of Sir John Borlace. He was created a baronet in 1775. Warren coat of arms
The choir stalls, with four carved pannels of mermaids and mermen (with initials I.P. part of the Powtrell family arms) bear the following loving inscription "To the Glory of God, and in loving memory of Josiah Brown of Attenborough and his wife Elizabeth of Bramcote. These stalls were given by their children. MCMXXVIII
The East is still bounded by quick hedges and iron railings. The North is still bounded in part by the wall to Ireton House and also by a purpose built wall to the boundary of Church Lane. The original iron Gates were put in situ in 1842 at a cost of £85.6½d. and then replaced in the 20th century. The thick stone wall boundary between Ireton House and the West end of the church remains, but the stone wall in the South has disappeared to be replaced by hedging and alder trees. There were several elm trees situated along the north and south boundaries but unfortunately these were claimed by Dutch Elm Disease in the 1980s.
The church stands on the highest level of the churchyard with the land falling away slightly to the South and North. The churchyard does sometimes flood after a very wet winter with the water rising from the River Trent and gravel pit lakes to the South. Although access to the church is difficult at these times, the church building has never been flooded.
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
in the Church of England
Church of England
The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...
in the village of Attenborough, Nottinghamshire
Attenborough, Nottinghamshire
Attenborough is a village and a suburb in the Broxtowe borough of Nottinghamshire. It forms part of Greater Nottingham, and is to the southwest of Nottingham, between Long Eaton and Beeston...
.
The church is Grade I listed by the Department for Culture, Media & Sport as a building of outstanding architectural or historic interest.
History
The present day church consists of a medieval chancel with North vestry (now housing organ) and South wall chancel door, clerestoried nave, North and South aisles, South porch, West tower and spire, and West end vestries and galilee added in 20th century. It is set within a conventional churchyard which is walled and gated on Church Lane (North side).A chapel is said to have existed on the banks of the River Trent at Attenburgh in 964 AD and was overbuilt with the stone chancel of the present day church. The chancel was thought to exist as early as 1042 and is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 where it is referred to as being shared by Chilwell and Toton. These two communities had formed at a distance on higher ground, probably as a result of the church being built on a gravel ridge adjacent to the river where there was little room for community expansion around it without the risk of frequent flooding of the homes. The boundary division of these two civil parishes divided the churchyard for many years.
Until the 20th century, Attenborough was the ecclesiastical parish responsible for the souls of the Chilwell and Toton communities. Bramcote was also adjoined with Attenborough, the parish being known as Attenborough cum Bramcote. In 1903 a separate mission church, Christ Church, had been built at Chilwell, and in 1923, a daughter church, St Peter's, was built at Toton.
In 1957, a further mission church was built at the extremity of the rapidly developing area of Chilwell and was known as St Barnabas at Inham Nook. Eventually, in 1967 Bramcote became a separate parish and Rev James Hamilton-Brown became its first vicar. Then in 1975 Chilwell was recognised as a parish in its own right and became Chilwell with Inham Nook. The first vicar of this newly formed parish was the Rev John Williams. At the same time in 1975 Attenborough became Attenborough with Toton and merited its own vicar; the first vicar being Rev Frank Beech who was previously the curate at Attenborough. A small amount of the old parish, which was situated South of the River Trent, was at this time transferred to Clifton. This arrangement continued until once more, due to population growth, it was necessary to divide Attenborough and Toton to form separate parishes. This division took effect from 1 May 2001 and Rev Peter Gibbs was to be re-licensed as vicar of Toton.
This development time-line is necessary to understand the complexities of the historical ecclesiastical parish of Attenborough, once known as the 'ABC Empire', otherwise, Attenborough, Bramcote and Chilwell with St Barnabas', Inham Nook, and St Peter's, Toton plus the Chilwell Garrison church on MOD land.
The church is a medieval building. The spire was rebuilt in 1848 and reaches a height of 130 feet (39.6 m). The main body of the church was heavily restored
Victorian restoration
Victorian restoration is the term commonly used to refer to the widespread and extensive refurbishment and rebuilding of Church of England churches and cathedrals that took place in England and Wales during the 19th-century reign of Queen Victoria...
in 1869 by Richard Charles Sutton
Richard Charles Sutton
Richard Charles Sutton was an architect based in Nottingham. He was born 1834 and died on 18 October 1915.-Personal life:In the 1861 census he is listed as living at Gill Street, Sherwood, Nottingham, with wife Henrietta, daughter Ada and Ernest R .In the 1881 census he is listed as a widow living...
.
Henry Ireton
Henry Ireton
Henry Ireton was an English general in the Parliamentary army during the English Civil War. He was the son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell.-Early life:...
, the son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....
, was baptised here in 1611.
Bells
There are eight bells in the tower. The oldest dates from 1370 where details of these are displayed in the tower.Monuments and Memorials
Early armorial bearings for the Babington,Nevil and Leake families of the 13th and 14th centuries were said to be visibly incorporated into certain church windows as late as 1840 but unfortunately no longer exist.Later centuries are well represented by various arms and plaques. The most colourful of these is a carved wooden memorial bearing the arms of the Powtrell family, dated 1623 and depicted in red, white and gold on black. It is located on the east wall of the chancel. Also on the east wall is the alabaster memorial plaque to John Mather, Vicar of Attenborough, 1586-1625. Also mentioned are his two wives, Elizabeth and Joane. Arms of the Powtrell family
The north wall of the chancel holds a brass plaque commemorating the Foljambe family who were for three centuries connected with the church. Also on this wall is a memorial to Francis Jaques, alias Gambard, of Toton and his wife and children. Francis died 27 August 1606. The inscription tells us, that the memorial was erected by George, the oldest son. Memorial to Francis Jaques, alias Gambard
High on the wall of the north aisle are the Warren arms, a hatchment measuring 5'x 5'. This is associated with Admiral Sir John Borlace Warren, grandson of Arthur Warren and the heiress of Sir John Borlace. He was created a baronet in 1775. Warren coat of arms
- Sir John Borlase Warren, 1st Baronet, died 1822.
The choir stalls, with four carved pannels of mermaids and mermen (with initials I.P. part of the Powtrell family arms) bear the following loving inscription "To the Glory of God, and in loving memory of Josiah Brown of Attenborough and his wife Elizabeth of Bramcote. These stalls were given by their children. MCMXXVIII
Churchyard
It is described in the Terrier of 1777 as about 1 acres (4,046.9 m²) of land, well fenced on the East with quick hedges, bounded on the North and West by Robert Holbrook's house, barn and thick walls of stone, and on the South by a stone wall and brook.The East is still bounded by quick hedges and iron railings. The North is still bounded in part by the wall to Ireton House and also by a purpose built wall to the boundary of Church Lane. The original iron Gates were put in situ in 1842 at a cost of £85.6½d. and then replaced in the 20th century. The thick stone wall boundary between Ireton House and the West end of the church remains, but the stone wall in the South has disappeared to be replaced by hedging and alder trees. There were several elm trees situated along the north and south boundaries but unfortunately these were claimed by Dutch Elm Disease in the 1980s.
The church stands on the highest level of the churchyard with the land falling away slightly to the South and North. The churchyard does sometimes flood after a very wet winter with the water rising from the River Trent and gravel pit lakes to the South. Although access to the church is difficult at these times, the church building has never been flooded.
Notable burials
- Charlton family - 300 years Lords of the Manor of Chilwell.
- Day family
- Thomas Day 1717 - first of Day family to be Parish Clerk.
- Henry Day, died 2 May 1779 - Clerk of the Parish for 43 years.
- Three siblings of Henry Ireton, also German and Jane Ireton in unmarked graves. (The famed Henry Ireton is not buried here. He was finally buried in disgrace at the foot of Tyburn gallows.)
- Chilwell explosion victims of 1918 - 134 persons killed - buried in a collective grave.
- A more recent headstone of note commemorates the Notts. County footballer Harry Leuty who died in 1955, aged 35 yrs.