The women's 100 metre butterfly event at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships took place between 24 July and 25 July. The heats and semifinals were held 24 July. The final was held 25 July.

Records

Prior to the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows.

	Name	Nationality	Time	Location	Date
World record	Inge de Bruijn Inge de Bruijn Inge de Bruijn is a Dutch former swimmer. She was a four-time Olympic champion and a former world record holder.-Biography:De Bruijn was born in Barendrecht, South Holland, and tried several sports before settling with swimming....	Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...	56.61	Sydney Sydney Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...	17 September 2000
Championship record	Jenny Thompson Jenny Thompson Jennifer Beth Thompson is an American former competitive swimmer, and one of the most decorated Olympians in history, winning twelve medals, including eight gold medals , in the 1992, 1996, 2000, and 2004 Summer Olympics.Thompson, a Massachusetts native who calls Dover, New Hampshire her...	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	57.96	Barcelona Barcelona Barcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...	21 July 2003

The following records were established during the competition:

Date	Round	Name	Nationality	Time	WR	CR
July 24	Semifinals	Jessicah Schipper Jessicah Schipper Jessicah Lee Schipper OAM is an Australian swimmer. She trained at the Redcliffe Leagues Lawnton club in Brisbane, under veteran coach Ken Wood up until the conclusion of the 2008 Summer Olympics. Schipper now trains under the guidance of Stephan Widmer with the Commercial Swimming Club...	Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...	57.75		CR
July 25	Final	Jessicah Schipper Jessicah Schipper Jessicah Lee Schipper OAM is an Australian swimmer. She trained at the Redcliffe Leagues Lawnton club in Brisbane, under veteran coach Ken Wood up until the conclusion of the 2008 Summer Olympics. Schipper now trains under the guidance of Stephan Widmer with the Commercial Swimming Club...	Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...	57.23		CR

Final

Rank	Name	Nationality	Time	Notes
	Jessicah Schipper Jessicah Schipper Jessicah Lee Schipper OAM is an Australian swimmer. She trained at the Redcliffe Leagues Lawnton club in Brisbane, under veteran coach Ken Wood up until the conclusion of the 2008 Summer Olympics. Schipper now trains under the guidance of Stephan Widmer with the Commercial Swimming Club...		57.23	CR
	Libby Lenton Libby Lenton Lisbeth "Libby" Constance Trickett OAM is a world record holding and Olympic gold medalist swimmer from Australia. She was a gold medallist at both the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2008 Summer Olympics. She is the world record holder in the short-course 100 metres freestyle...		57.37
	Otylia Jędrzejczak Otylia Jedrzejczak Otylia Jędrzejczak is a Polish swimmer. She is the Olympic champion from Athens 2004 in the 200 metre butterfly. She finished 4th in this event in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She also swam in a third Olympiad, at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. In Athens 2004 she also silvered in...		58.57
4	Rachel Komisarz Rachel Komisarz Rachel Komisarz is an American swimmer. She swam for the United States team at the 2004 Summer Olympics, where she won a gold medal in the women's 4x200 m freestyle relay and a silver medal in the women's 4x100 m medley relay.-External links:**...		58.80
5	Mary Descenza Mary DeScenza Mary Elizabeth Mohler is an American swimmer.- Personal life :Mohler was born into an Italian-American family in Middlesex, New Jersey. Her father, Robert DeScenza, works as a structural engineer and her mother, Margaret DeScenza, is a homemaker...		58.87
6	Inge Dekker Inge Dekker Inge Dekker is a butterfly and freestyle swimmer from Netherlands, who won the bronze medal with the Dutch women's 4×100 m freestyle relay team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. She did so alongside Inge de Bruijn, Marleen Veldhuis and Chantal Groot...		59.01
7	Martina Moravcová Martina Moravcová Martina Moravcová is a medley, butterfly and freestyle swimmer from Slovakia. She made her international swimming debut in 1991 for Czechoslovakia, and has gone on to compete in five consecutive Summer Olympics...		59.25
8	Zhou Yafei Zhou Yafei Zhou Yafei is a female Chinese swimmer, who competed for Team China at the 2008 Summer Olympics.-Major achievements:*2002 Asian Games - 1st 100m fly/4x100m medley relay;...		59.42

Key: CR = Championship record