Symphony No. 67 (Haydn)
Encyclopedia
The Symphony No. 67 in F major
, Hoboken I/67, is a symphony
by Joseph Haydn
. It was composed by 1779
. H. C. Robbins Landon
praises this work, saying "without any question, this is one of the most boldly original symphonies of this period."
, two bassoon
s, two horns
and strings
. There are four movements:
This is the only symphony where Haydn opens in fast 6/8 time without a slow introduction.
At the end of the second movement, the entire string section is directed to play col legno
dell'arco (with the back of the bow).
The trio of the minuet is scored for two solo violins each playing con sordino on single strings. The first violin plays the melody on the E string and the second violin tunes its G string down to F and plays a drone on the open string.
The Allegro di molto finale is interesting because it features its own internal Adagio e cantabile slow movement. The fast music is first interrupted by a solo string trio
(two violins and cello) instructed to play piano e dolce. The rest of the orchestra elaborates on this slow section, including some passages for the string trios woodwind counterparts (two solo oboes and a bassoon), before the initial Allegro di molto section returns and Haydn brings the symphony to conclusion.
F major
F major is a musical major scale based on F, consisting of the pitches F, G, A, B, C, D, and E. Its key signature has one flat . It is by far the oldest key signature with an accidental, predating the others by hundreds of years...
, Hoboken I/67, is a symphony
Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, scored almost always for orchestra. A symphony usually contains at least one movement or episode composed according to the sonata principle...
by Joseph Haydn
Joseph Haydn
Franz Joseph Haydn , known as Joseph Haydn , was an Austrian composer, one of the most prolific and prominent composers of the Classical period. He is often called the "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet" because of his important contributions to these forms...
. It was composed by 1779
1779 in music
- Events :*April – The London Magazine reports on the organ-playing of three-year-old prodigy William Crotch.*December 26 – Teatro alla Scala in Milan opens its operatic carnival season with Josef Mysliveček's new opera Armida....
. H. C. Robbins Landon
H. C. Robbins Landon
Howard Chandler Robbins Landon was an American musicologist.He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and studied music at Swarthmore College and Boston University. He subsequently moved to Europe where he worked as a music critic. From 1947 he undertook research in Vienna on Joseph Haydn, a composer...
praises this work, saying "without any question, this is one of the most boldly original symphonies of this period."
Movements
The work is scored for two oboesOboe
The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English, prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois" , "hoboy", or "French hoboy". The spelling "oboe" was adopted into English ca...
, two bassoon
Bassoon
The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and tenor registers, and occasionally higher. Appearing in its modern form in the 19th century, the bassoon figures prominently in orchestral, concert band and chamber music literature...
s, two horns
Horn (instrument)
The horn is a brass instrument consisting of about of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. A musician who plays the horn is called a horn player ....
and strings
String instrument
A string instrument is a musical instrument that produces sound by means of vibrating strings. In the Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument classification, used in organology, they are called chordophones...
. There are four movements:
- Presto, 6/8
- Adagio B-flat major, 2/4
- MenuettoMinuetA minuet, also spelled menuet, is a social dance of French origin for two people, usually in 3/4 time. The word was adapted from Italian minuetto and French menuet, and may have been from French menu meaning slender, small, referring to the very small steps, or from the early 17th-century popular...
& Trio, 3/4 - Finale: Allegro di molto, 2/2 - Adagio e cantabile,3/8 - Allegro di molto, 2/2
This is the only symphony where Haydn opens in fast 6/8 time without a slow introduction.
At the end of the second movement, the entire string section is directed to play col legno
Col legno
In music for bowed string instruments, col legno, or more precisely col legno battuto , is an instruction to strike the string with the stick of the bow, rather than by drawing the hair of the bow across the strings. This results in a quiet but eerie percussive sound.Col legno is used in the final...
dell'arco (with the back of the bow).
The trio of the minuet is scored for two solo violins each playing con sordino on single strings. The first violin plays the melody on the E string and the second violin tunes its G string down to F and plays a drone on the open string.
The Allegro di molto finale is interesting because it features its own internal Adagio e cantabile slow movement. The fast music is first interrupted by a solo string trio
String trio
A string trio is a group of three string instruments or a piece written for such a group. The term is generally used with reference to works of chamber music from the Classical period to the present.-History:...
(two violins and cello) instructed to play piano e dolce. The rest of the orchestra elaborates on this slow section, including some passages for the string trios woodwind counterparts (two solo oboes and a bassoon), before the initial Allegro di molto section returns and Haydn brings the symphony to conclusion.