Sándor Szurmay
Encyclopedia
Vitéz Baron Sándor Szurmay de Uzsok (19 December 1860 – 26 February 1945) was a Hungarian
military officer and politician, who served as Minister of Defence for the Hungarian portion of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary
between 1917 and 1918.
(now: Bocşa, Romania
) which located in the historical Krassó-Szörény County. He made the secondary school for sciences on Szeged
, then breaking his studies he reported himself to the Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Railway Company
, where he worked as a trainee later official.
In 1882 he chose the military way. Szurmay started his service at the Eighteenth Home Defence Battalion of Lugos
. After the accomplishment of the Ludovica Military Academy
's classes he serviced as adjutant in a rank of Second Lieutenant at the various corps of the Magyar Honvédség
. Between 1886 and 1887 he finished the Academy's upper classes and between 1887 and 1889 the Imperial and Royal Staff College (K.u.k. Kriegsschule), that is the staff officer's academy. He was promoted to a First Lieutenant in 1889 and he was ordered onto the Fourth Army Corps' headquarters class of Budapest
.
and held the ministerial portfolio for the Hungarian branch of the armed forces, the Honvéd. In November 1917 he officially demanded the separation of the joint army of Austria-Hungary into separate Austrian and Hungarian formations. At a crown council chaired by the emperor the following month he again pressed for a full division of the k.u.k. army, adding that "all groups in Hungary are united on the issue of a Hungarian army." This policy was addressed again at a council of marshals in January 1918, where the decision was put off until the end of the war.
He wrote more books, an article beside his military skilled labours the life of the hunting, the sport fishing, the reptiles, and among the occultism:
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
military officer and politician, who served as Minister of Defence for the Hungarian portion of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
between 1917 and 1918.
Early life and career
Sándor Szurmay was born in 1860 at BoksánbányaBocsa
Bocşa is a town in Caraş-Severin County, in southwestern Romania, with a population of 19,023 in 2002....
(now: Bocşa, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
) which located in the historical Krassó-Szörény County. He made the secondary school for sciences on Szeged
Szeged
' is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county town of Csongrád county. The University of Szeged is one of the most distinguished universities in Hungary....
, then breaking his studies he reported himself to the Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Railway Company
Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Railway Company
The Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Railway Company , later the Privileged Austro-Hungarian State Railway Company was a private railway company in the Austro-Hungarian Empire...
, where he worked as a trainee later official.
In 1882 he chose the military way. Szurmay started his service at the Eighteenth Home Defence Battalion of Lugos
Lugos
Lugos is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in southwestern France.-Population:-See also:*Communes of the Gironde department*Parc naturel régional des Landes de Gascogne-References:*...
. After the accomplishment of the Ludovica Military Academy
Ludovica Military Academy
The Royal Hungarian Ludovica Defense Academy , shortened to Ludovica or Ludovica Academy, was Hungary's officer cadets training institute prior to 1945. The main edifice of the Academy was erected in 1836 at the Ludovica Garden, in the centrally located VIIIth district...
's classes he serviced as adjutant in a rank of Second Lieutenant at the various corps of the Magyar Honvédség
Military of Hungary
The Hungarian Defence Force is the national military of Hungary. It currently has two branches, the Hungarian Ground Force and the Hungarian Air Force....
. Between 1886 and 1887 he finished the Academy's upper classes and between 1887 and 1889 the Imperial and Royal Staff College (K.u.k. Kriegsschule), that is the staff officer's academy. He was promoted to a First Lieutenant in 1889 and he was ordered onto the Fourth Army Corps' headquarters class of Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
.
Later career
By November 1917 Szurmay held the rank of General der InfanterieGeneral der Infanterie
General of the Infantry is a military rank of a General officer and refers to:* General of the Infantry * General of the Infantry...
and held the ministerial portfolio for the Hungarian branch of the armed forces, the Honvéd. In November 1917 he officially demanded the separation of the joint army of Austria-Hungary into separate Austrian and Hungarian formations. At a crown council chaired by the emperor the following month he again pressed for a full division of the k.u.k. army, adding that "all groups in Hungary are united on the issue of a Hungarian army." This policy was addressed again at a council of marshals in January 1918, where the decision was put off until the end of the war.
Publications
- A wörthi (fröschwilleri) csata 1870. 6 Aug.. Harczászati tanulmány. with maps and images Budapest, 1890.
- Az anspachi hadseregek ismertetése. U. ott, 1891. (Hungarian adaption of Richard KnötelRichard KnötelRichard Knötel was a German artist and pioneer of the study of military uniform.- Life :Knötel was born in Glogau in 1857. His father, August Knötel, was an art teacher and gave him lessons in drawing and painting from an early age. In this time, Knötel developed an interest in military fashion...
's German languageGerman languageGerman is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
work). - A mohácsi vész 1526-ban. Battle plan and detailed description onto Ezredéves Országos Kiállítás of 1896 aims. Budapest, 1896.
- A mohácsi hadjárat 1526-ban.. Térképvázlattal, rajzmellékletekkel, Budapest, 1901.
- A szolgálati szabályzat II. részének új kiadása, Budapest, 1896.
- A honvédség fejlődésének története annak felállításától napjainkig 1868–1898. Képekkel és mellékletekkel. Megjelent a Ludovika AkadémiaLudovica Military AcademyThe Royal Hungarian Ludovica Defense Academy , shortened to Ludovica or Ludovica Academy, was Hungary's officer cadets training institute prior to 1945. The main edifice of the Academy was erected in 1836 at the Ludovica Garden, in the centrally located VIIIth district...
Közlönyében, Budapest, 1898. - A Thaya menti WaidhofenWaidhofen an der ThayaWaidhofen an der Thaya is an Austrian town, with a population of 5,750 as of the 2001 census. Located on the German Thaya river in the district of the same name in Lower Austria and is the northernmost of the capitals of the Districts of Austria....
környékén 1891-ben tartott hadtest-gyakorlatok, megjelent a Ludovika Akadémia Közlönyében, 1892. - Weiterentwicklung der kön. ung. Landwehr (A Magyar Királyi Honvédség fejlődése), megjelent a Minerva c. katonai folyóiratban, Bécs, 1893. 23. és 24. sz.
- Die Honvéd-Institution (A Honvédség intézménye), megjelent a Pester LloydPester LloydPester Lloyd is a German language online daily newspaper from Budapest, Hungary with the focus "on Hungary and Eastern Europe".-History:...
ban, 1894. okt. 25-i és 26-i sz. - A magyar gyalogság, Budapest, 19…?.
- Az orosz vörös veszedelem és Magyarország szerepe. ABC könyvtára, Magyar Bolsevistaellenes Liga, Budapest, 1921.
- A magyar katona a Kárpátokban, Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda kiadása, Budapest, 1940. http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/bibl/mil/ww1/konyv/sz/bibJAT00265498.html. (Újabb kiadás: N.R.G.-COM Kiadó, Budapest, 2005, összeállította és az előszót írta Pap Krisztián).
- Háborús emlékírások, in: Diárium 1940–1942, I. évfolyam 1–10. szám/II. évfolyam 1–12. szám/III. évfolyam 1–12. szám, Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda kiadása, Budapest, 1942.
He wrote more books, an article beside his military skilled labours the life of the hunting, the sport fishing, the reptiles, and among the occultism:
- Vadászemlékek, horgászélmények, with foreword of Archduke Joseph August of AustriaArchduke Joseph August of AustriaArchduke Joseph August Viktor Klemens Maria of Austria, Prince of Hungary and Bohemia was for a short period head of state of Hungary, a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the eldest son of Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria and his wife Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha...
Budapest, 1937 - Horgászvízen, vadcsapáson, Budapest, ?. (Hasonmás kiadás: Facsimile Ex Kiadó, Budapest, 1994).